scholarly journals Weed-Competitive Ability of Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) Varieties

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haftamu Gebretsadik Gebrehiwot ◽  
Jens Bernt Aune ◽  
Jan Netland ◽  
Ole Martin Eklo ◽  
Torfinn Torp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Methods Development ◽  
Hand Weeding

Teff is a staple and well adapted crop in Ethiopia. Weed competition and control have major effects on yields and economic returns of the crop in the country. Among the weed management methods, development and use of weed competitive teff varieties remain the cheapest and most sustainable weed management option. Ten teff varieties were tested for their weed competitive ability in two locations. Treatments were applied using a split plot design with three blocks at each location for two consecutive seasons. Hand weeding and non-weeded treatments were applied to whole plot treatments with teff varieties assigned as split plots within the whole plot. The main objective was to determine relative competitive ability among teff varieties. Results showed that teff varieties showed significant variation in their weed competitive abilities. The varieties ‘Kora’ and ‘DZ-Cr-387’ significantly reduced weed density, dry weight, and cover more than the other teff varieties. They also had the lowest yield losses with a loss of 6% in biomass yield and 18% in grain yield recorded from ‘Kora’ and a loss of 17% in biomass yield and 21% in grain yield recorded from ‘DZ-Cr-387’. Therefore, they showed the highest weed competitive ability compared to the other varieties.

Response of fieldpea (Pisum sativum L. var arvense) to various planting methods, irrigation schedule and weed management practices

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brijbhooshan ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Shalini
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09 on mollisols at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar to study the performance of fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.var arvense) under different planting methods, irrigation levels and weed management practices. Results revealed that growth attributes as plant height, number of branches and dry matter accumulation per plant, number and dry weight of nodules per plant, density and dry matter of weeds/unit area, nutrient uptake and yield attributes as pods/plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield/plant and grain yield of fieldpea were significantly higher under raised bed planting as compared to flat bed. Planting on raised bed increased grain yield of fieldpea by 17.5% over flat bed. Two irrigations applied at critical stages i.e. pre-flowering and pod formation proved promising in increasing the growth, nutrient uptake, yield attributes and grain yield of pea. One hand weeding done at 25 days after sowing (DAS) reduced the density and dry matter of weeds significantly and one hand weeding done at 25 DAS increased the values of growth attributes, number and dry weight of nodules, nutrient uptake, yield attributes and grain yield as compared to pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha applied as pre-emergence and weedy check.

scholarly journals Weed management in kharif rice in new alluvial zone of West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 716-722
Author(s):  
K. Ghosh ◽  
K. A. Chowdary ◽  
B. C. Patra ◽  
S. Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was carried out during the Kharif season of two consecutive years 2015 and 2016 at Instructional Farm, Jaguli, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal with the focal objective to assess the effect of different weed control measures on yield of transplanted kharif rice, IET 4786. Experiment having 3 replications was conducted in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments, namely, T1- Pendimethalin 30% EC + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 675 + 15 g a.i, T2- Pendimethalin 30% EC + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 900 + 200 g a.i, T3- Pendimethalin 30% EC + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 1125 + 25 g a.i, T4- Pendimethalin 30% EC @ 1500 g a.i, T5- Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 15 g a.i, T6- Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 20 g a.i, T7- Metsulfuron methyl 10 % + Chlorimuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 4 g a.i, T8- Hand weeding and T9- Weedy check. Significant variations were observed on the mixed weed flora as well as on performance of rice under the different herbicidal treatments.Pendimethalin 30% EC + Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 1125+25 g a.i) was found to be the most effective recording the lowest weed population and weed dry weight with  the highest weed control efficiency (83.5% in 2015 and 79.8 % in 2016) and the highest number of panicles m-2 (215.1 in 2015 and 231 in 2016), number of filled grains panicle-1 (85.39 in 2015 and 115.47 in 2016) and grain yield of rice (3.60 t/ha in 2015 and 5.30 t/ha in 2016). The lowest grain yield(2.20 t/ha in 2015 and 3.40 t/ha in 2016) and the highest weed density were observed in weedy check plots.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of semi-dwarf and tall varieties of winter wheat

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Pearman ◽  
S. M. Thomas ◽  
G. N. Thorne
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Dwarf Variety

SummaryEight amounts of nitrogen ranging from 0 to 210 kg N/ha were applied to two tall and one semi-dwarf variety of winter wheat in the spring of 1975 and 1976. The tall varieties were Cappelle-Desprez and Maris Huntsman; the semi-dwarf variety was Maris Fundin in 1975 and Hobbit in 1976. Interactions between varieties and nitrogen were few and small compared with the main effects. All varieties produced their maximum grain yields with 180 kg N/ha. The yield of the semi-dwarf varieties, but not the others, decreased slightly with more nitrogen.Cappelle-Desprez yielded less grain than the other varieties in both years. In 1975 the yields of Maris Fundin and Maris Huntsman were similar and in 1976 Hobbit yielded more than Maris Huntsman. The varieties had similar numbers of ears at maturity and similar patterns of tillering. The semi-dwarf varieties had most grains per spikelet, and hence grains per ear, and Cappelle-Desprez had least. The semi-dwarf varieties had the smallest grains. The semi-dwarf varieties had less straw than the other varieties and hence the largest ratios of grain to total above-ground dry weight. The decrease in dry weight of stem and leaves between anthesis and maturity was similar for all varieties. In 1975 the efficiency of the top two leaves plus top internode in producing grain was the same for all varieties, but in 1976 Hobbit was more efficient than the other two. There were some small differences between varieties in nutrient uptake that were not related to differences in growth. Maris Fundin tended to have a greater phosphorus and potassium content than the tall varieties. Hobbit contained slightly less nitrogen than the tall varieties at maturity, and had a smaller concentration of nitrogen in the grain.Applying 210 kg N/ha doubled grain yield in 1975. Applying nitrogen resulted in a largeincrease in number of ears and a small increase in number of grains per ear due to the development of more fertile spikelets per ear. Nitrogen decreased dry weight per grain, especially of the semi-dwarf varieties. With extra nitrogen, straw dry weight at maturity, shoot dry weight atanthesis and leaf area were all increased relatively more than grain yield, and stems lost moredry weight between anthesis and maturity than without nitrogen. The year 1976 was exceptionallydry and nitrogen had only small effects in that it affected neither straw dry weight nor numberof ears but slightly increased grain yield by increasing the number of spikelets and number of grains per spikelet. It also increased leaf area proportionately to grain yield. In 1975 nitrogen increased evaporation of water from the crop before anthesis but decreased it after anthesis, even though it continued to increase the extraction of water from below 90 cm.

scholarly journals Effect of Variety and Weed Management Practices on Yield and Yield Attributes of Wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
MR Sultana ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MB Hossain ◽  
S Karmaker ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory of Rajshahi University to evaluate the effect of variety and weeding regime on yield and yield components of wheat. Four varieties viz. Prodip -V1, Gourab -V2, Shatabdi -V3, Bijoy -V4 and five weeding regime viz. a) No weeding -W0, b) Weed free -W1, c) One hand weeding at 20 DAS -W2, d) Two hand weeding (1st at 20 DAS and 2nd at 42 DAS) -W3 and e) Lintur 70 WG @ 250 g ha-1 -W4 were included as treatments in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a Split-plot Design with three replications. The results revealed that Prodip produced the highest grain yield (5.33 t ha-1) followed by Gourab (4.85 t ha-1), while the lowest grain yield (3.98 t ha-1) was obtained from Shatabdi. The highest grain yield (5.09 t ha-1) was obtained in Weed free (W1) followed by W3 (Two hand weeding) (4.89 t ha-1) and the lowest grain yield (4.13 t ha-1) was obtained in no weeding treatment (W0). The highest grain yield (5.64 t ha-1) was obtained from the combination of Prodip and weed free treatment (V1W1) and the lowest (3.57 t ha-1) was obtained from the combination between Shatabdi and no weeding treatment (V4W0).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14800 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 91-96 2012

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Weed Management Practices on Growth Variables and Yield of Wheat Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Md. Golam Mostafa ◽  
Syed Arvin Hassan ◽  
Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽  
Md. Ahasan Habib ◽  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted in medium fertile soil at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2017 to April 2018 in Rabi season with a view to evaluate the performance of wheat varieties under different weed control methods. The experiment was carried out with three varieties i.e. BARI Gom-28, BARI Gom-29 and BARI Gom-30 in the main plot and five weed management methods viz. control (no weeding), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS pre-emergence, Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon) 1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS as post-emergence herbicide and Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS + Afinity 50.75WP (Isoproturon)1500 g ha-1 at 25 DAS in the sub plot in split plot design. Nine different major weed species were found in the field such as Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine indica, Chenopodium album, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Brassica kaber, Leliotropium indicum, Vicia sativa. Results reveled that BARI Gom-30 contributed the highest grain yield 3.01 tha-1. Pre-emergence application of Panida 33EC controlled weeds significantly which showed highest growth followed by yield achieved in wheat. BARI Gom-30 in combination with Panida 33EC produced the highest grain yield 3.52 tha-1 while the lowest grain yield 2.09 t ha-1 was obtained from BARI Gom-28 with no weeding treatment. Results reveled that Panida 33EC (pre-emergence) was found more effective to controlling weeds in wheat. Results of the study finally reveled that Panida 33EC might be considered as a feasible option for combating weed and ensuring higher yield in wheat cultivation.

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

Early Interference between Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and Four Weed Species

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Michael A. Brown ◽  
Elizabeth P. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Competing Species ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Early weed and crop interference was examined in a greenhouse pot experiment combining aspects of additive, substitutive, and diallel designs. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. 'Stoneville 213′) and four weeds {purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.), large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop.], velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) and prickly sida (Sida spinosaL.)} were grown singly and in all possible combinations of pairs including reciprocals for 5 weeks in 10-cm plastic pots. After 5 weeks large crabgrass was the tallest species in all combinations except when grown with purple nutsedge. Purple nutsedge, however, had more leaf area and greater dry weight than all other species. Height, leaf area, and dry weight were lowest in prickly sida. Mean relative yields in mixtures (a measure of competitive ability) were 1.90, 1.15, 1.13, 0.86, and 0.41 for purple nutsedge, large crabgrass, cotton, velvetleaf, and prickly sida, respectively, when grown with the other four species as associates. Conversely, purple nutsedge and cotton as associates depressed mean relative yields of competing species to 0.59 and 0.94. Large crabgrass, velvetleaf, and prickly sida as associates increased mean relative yields of competing species to 1.17, 1.18, and 1.55, respectively. Analysis of these data and replacement-series diagrams indicated that purple nutsedge was the most competitive, prickly sida the least, and the other species were intermediate and approximately equivalent in competitive ability.

Response of strains of Rhizobium on nodulation, grain yield, protein and amino acids content of chick pea (Cicer arietinum Linn.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rai ◽  
S. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chick Pea ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Nodulation Capacity

SummaryNine strains of Rhizobium sp. were studied in vivo for their nodulation capacity, leghaemoglobin content, grain yield, crude protein and 16 amino acids content, in the chick pea variety C 235 grown on a calcareous saline alkali soil. There was no significant correlation between grain yield and number of nodules (r = 0·37) or dry weight of nodules (r = 0·29), but grain yield was significantly correlated with leghaemoglobin content of nodules (r = 0·95). Of the 16 amino acids analysed in seed samples, aspartic, glutamic, proline and histidine were greatest with strain H 45; glycine, leucine and arginine with strain F 6; norleucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine with strain KG 38; and alanine and valine were greatest with strain KG 41. Strain KG 38 led to significantly higher grain yield than the other strains.

DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH AND COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF Amaranthus retroflexus, A. powellii AND A. hybridus

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN E. WEAVER
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Amaranthus Powellii

The frequency of occurrence of Amaranthus powellii and A. hybridus relative to that of A. retroflexus in agricultural fields in southwestern Ontario is increasing. Rates of germination and growth and development of the three species were compared at 28/22 °C and 22/14 °C in the growth chamber. Amaranthus powellii exhibited a faster rate of germination and greater early growth with respect to height and leaf number than either of the other species under both temperature regimes. Amaranthus hybridus had a greater root dry weight, took 3 wk longer to reach maturity and produced more seeds than either of the other species. In the field, when sown in pure stands and mixtures at constant density but varying proportions, A. powellii showed a greater competitive ability than A. retroflexus or A. hybridus with respect to number of plants, aboveground fresh weight, and number of seeds produced per square metre.Key words: Pigweed, germination, seed production, competition

scholarly journals Standardization of spacing and weed management practices in SRI system of rice cultivation under organic conditions in relation to sustainable agriculture in the changing scenario of climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Rameshwar K. ◽  
J.P. Saini ◽  
Sanjay Chadha ◽  
Punam K. ◽  
R.G. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Paddy Yield

A field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2009 & 2010 at Model Organic Farm of Department of Organic agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalya Palampur in factorial randomized block design with three replications consisting of eight treatment combinations. The treatments included two methods of weeding (mechanical weeding with cono weeder & hand weeding) and 4 spacings (25x25, 30x30, 20x20 and 30x20 cm). Rice variety RP-2421 was transplanted in second week of July during both the years following all organic packages of practices. The weeding was done at 20 & 40 days after transplanting rice. The dominant species of weeds were Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Panicum  dichotomiflorum among grasses; Cyperus iria and Cyperus difforimis among sedges and Aeschynomera indica, Ammania spp and Commelina benghalensis among broadleaved weeds.The experimental results revealed that 2 mechanical weedings with cono-weeder at 20 & 40 DAT resulted in significantly higher values of yield attributes viz. effective tillers/m2 & panicle length and hence higher paddy yield and lower weed dry weight over hand weeding twice (20 & 40 DAT). However, grains/ panicle and 1000 grain weight did not vary significantly during both the years. Among spacings 30x30 cm being at par with 25x25 cm & 30x20 cm recorded significantly higher paddy yield and lower weed dry weight over 20x20 cm during both the years. The interactions between method of weedings& spacing were observed to be non-significant during both the years of study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document