scholarly journals The Effect of Species and Cultivation Year on Phenolic Acids Content in Ancient Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Marcin Barański ◽  
Magdaléna Lacko-Bartošová ◽  
Ewa Rembiałkowska ◽  
Lucia Lacko-Bartošová
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Spelta ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Spelt Wheat ◽  
Triticum Dicoccon ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Plot Experiment

During the last decade older (ancient) wheat species, such as spelt (Triticum spelta L.), emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank), and einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) have been recognised as an interesting option to increase the biodiversity of cultivated cereals. The aim of this study was to compare polyphenols content in the ancient species of cereals (including six accessions of spelt, four of emmer, and one of einkorn) cultivated in the three-year controlled plot experiment under organic management. It has been found that the content of almost all free and bound phenolic acids was significantly higher in einkorn than in emmer and spelt wheat species. Moreover, the concentrations of ferulic, p-coumaric, and caffeic acids in einkorn and emmer was higher in dry and very warm cultivation years. It is concluded that ancient wheat species, especially einkorn, could be an important source of phenolic acids in the human diet.

scholarly journals Variation of the total content of polyphenols and phenolic acids in einkorn, emmer, spelt and common wheat grain as a function of genotype, wheat species and crop year

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Zrcková ◽  
Ivana Capouchová ◽  
Luboš Paznocht ◽  
Marie Eliášová ◽  
Petr Dvořák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Wheat Grain

The study aimed at evaluating the total content of polyphenols (TPC) and phenolic acids (TPA) in grain of 4 spring einkorn, 4 emmer, 4 spelt and 4 common wheat genotypes cultivated under organic cropping system in two-year trials. The TPC and TPA were significantly affected both by genotype, wheat species and crop year (weather conditions). At the same time, TPC and TPA were mainly affected by the crop year while the effect of genetic factors was lesser. The TPC ranged from 618 mg/kg DM (dry matter) (common wheat cv. Annie) to 792.37 mg/kg DM (Triticum monococcum GEO) and TPA from 700.66 mg/kg DM (cv. Annie) to 874.74 mg/kg DM (Schwedishes einkorn) in an average of two-year results. Related to the wheat species, total content of polyphenols was in order einkorn > emmer > common wheat > spelt, total content of phenolic acids in order einkorn > spelt > emmer > common wheat. Higher TPC and TPA were observed in the very dry year 2018.

scholarly journals Survey of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and In Vitro Antioxidant Potency Between Fig Peels and Pulps: Chemical and Chemometric Approach

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2574
Author(s):  
Lahcen Hssaini ◽  
Francisca Hernandez ◽  
Manuel Viuda-Martos ◽  
Jamal Charafi ◽  
Rachid Razouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Almost All

In the present study, chromatic coordinates, phenolic acids, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) and lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (LPIC) essays and their relative IC50 were investigated in 25 fig cultivars growing in Morocco. The aims of this study were to determine (i) the variation in these compounds among light and dark-colored cultivars, (ii) their partitioning between fruit peel and pulp and (iii) to display network connections among these variables. Twelve phenolic compounds (PCs) were isolated in peel extract versus eight in pulp samples. Anthocyanins, mainly cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, were the predominant compounds in peels, where the mean concentrations were 75.90 ± 18.76 and 77.97 ± 18.95 µg/g dw, respectively. On the other hand, (−)-epicatechin and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside were the major compounds in the pulp extracts, where the mean values were 5.23 ± 4.03 and 9.01 ± 5.67 µg/g dw, respectively. A two-dimensional hierarchically clustered heatmap was applied to the dataset to explore correlations in the dataset and similarities between cultivars, without dimensionality reduction. Results showed that anthocyanins, particularly pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, were the main contributors to the peels’ free radical scavenging capacity. This capacity was particularly higher in the peel of dark-colored figs compared to the fruit pulp. The local cultivar “INRA 1301” showed the most promising phenolic profile due to its very high levels of almost all detected PCs, especially (−)-epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidine-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidine-3-O-rutinoside and pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside (54.66, 141.08, 35.48, 494.08, 478.66, 12.56 µg/g dw, respectively). Having the darkest figs in the collection (L* = 25.72, c* = 22.09 and h° = 20.99), this cultivar has also combined promising IC50 values, which were of 19.85, 40.58 and 124.78 µg/mL for DPPH, ABTS and LPIC essays, respectively.

scholarly journals Analysis of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrides

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
S. M. Sichkar ◽  
L. H. Velykozhon ◽  
O. V. Dubrovna ◽  
B. V. Morgun
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dasypyrum Villosum ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Spelta ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Allele Composition

Aim. Determination of the allelic composition of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with spring bread wheat. Methods. PCR analysis. Results. In existing collection samples of the rare wheat species the alleles of the a/c loci Glu-A1 were found, while allele b was found only in T.dicoccum, var. volgense (Emmer Kokchetavskaya). An additional amplicon with a length of 450 bp was found in the Glu-A1 locus in the sample (T. dicoccum × Dasypyrum villosum), and in (Ae. ventricosa × T. dicoccum) another one a length of 700 bp in genome B, was found require further research. Among hexaploid wheat, it was revealed genotypes differing in the presence of alleles a and d of the locus Glu-D1. The hybridity of the received forms has been confirmed, as evidenced by the identification of both parent components in the hybrids or alleles of the Glu-D1 locus of bread wheat in hybrids with emmer. Conclusions. Analysis of the allele composition of Glu1 locuses in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with bread wheat allowed to select genotypes and hybrid combinations that may be promising for further breeding work. Keywords: Triticum spelta L., T. dicoccum, hybrids, PCR analysis, Glu-1 locus.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE METAL CONTENT IN SOME FLOURS AND PASTES OBTAINED FROM DIFFERENT WHEAT SPECIES

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Diana Raba ◽  
Iosif Gherhen ◽  
Florina Furdi
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Spelta ◽  
Basic Composition ◽  
Different Types

In the present paper, we followed to determine the metal content in some different types of flour obtained from different wheat species, and in several pastes that contain flour made out of the Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum si Triticum spelta wheat species in their basic composition. In order to do this we have analyzed 10 samples: 2 flours and 8 pastes harvested from random stores, belonging to different local and foreign manufacturers. In the same time, we tryed to identify the wheat species used to produce the pastes, analyzing them depending on the metal content. The determination has been realysed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method, the analyzed metals being: Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, K şi Na.

scholarly journals Protocol for efficient regulation of in vitro morphogenesis in einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), a recalcitrant diploid wheat species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e0173533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Miroshnichenko ◽  
Inna Chaban ◽  
Mariya Chernobrovkina ◽  
Sergey Dolgov
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Diploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis

scholarly journals A NEW SUBSPECIES OF WHEAT: TRITICUM DICOCCON ȍSCHRANKȎ SCHUEBL. SUBSP. NUDICOCCON KOBYL. ET SMEKAL.

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Т. N. Smekalova ◽  
V. D. Kobylyansky
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Features ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Triticum Dicoccon ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Dietary Value

In recent years, an increased interest in emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) has been observed, due to the dietary value of its grain, which is used for making highquality cereal products. The main disadvantages of this crop are a relatively low yield, if compared with other wheat species, a brittle ear, and problems with grain threshability (filmy kernels are threshed out of the ear together with the chaff). Thus, developing hulless cultivars of emmer is at present an urgent task. Constant lines of naked emmer wheat, which make up the described subspecies, served as the material for this research, including four lines developed at VIR by A. F. Merezhko and seven by V. D. Kobylyansky. The wheat produced from interspecific crosses between different varieties of the hulless T. durum Desf. and various local forms of the hulled T. dicoccon (Schrank) Schuebl. has deserved the rank of subspecies (T. dicoccon (Schrank) Schuebl. subsp. nudicoccon Kobyl. et Smekal.). The obtained hulless wheat demonstrates morphological features characteristic of T. dicoccon: its ear is flat, there are two grains in the spikelet, etc., while its kernels are easily separated from chaff.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION OF WATER STRESSED TRITICUM SPECIES

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kiss ◽  
S. Kovcás ◽  
A. Nyakas
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Stress Cycle ◽  
Triticum Spelta ◽  
Subsequent Challenge ◽  
Triticum Species ◽  
Stress Cycles

The purpose of the experiment was to observe the influence of previous, repeated water stress cycles on the response of Triticum monococcum L. and Triticum spelta L. to a subsequent, challenge water stress. The plants were grown in pots, in a growth chamber. Treated plants underwent two water stress cycles, while control plants were kept well watered. In the subsequent challenge water stress cycle both control and treated plants experienced water deficiency. The growth of treated Triticum monococcum plants was 32.9% higher than the growth of control plants in the challenge water stress cycle. There was no difference between the growth of treated and control Triticum spelta plants in the challenge water stress cycle.  The leaf-blade/leaf-sheath ratio decreased in the case of both Triticum species as the number of water stress cycles increased. In the case of Triticum monococcum, the number of stomata in the middle part of the leaf-blade was significantly higher (18.7%) in treated plants than in control plants. In the case of Triticum spelta, the number of stomata in the middle part of the leaf-blade was also higher (5.2%) in treated plants than in control plants.

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