Study of the chemical composition of Amir Wali coins by x-ray fluorescent analysis

The chemical composition of seven coins of Amir Wali of six dirhams par value (two types) minted in Astarabad in 769 and 75 Hijri (1368 and 1374 AD) was studied by x-ray fluorescent analysis using a portable TRACER 5i spectrometer. There were established the basic composition of the coin alloy and the quantitative content of the trace elements. The performed comparison with the coin alloys compositions of the preceding dynasties demonstrated continuity of minting technologies and similarity of ore sources used in the production of dirhams during the reign of Amir Wali in Astarabad. Based on the literary data of galenic ores composition mined in the Zenjan province, it is suggested that the raw material for coin mintage was extracted from a deposit located near the city of Damgan.

An Alternative Approach to Geometric Harmonization of the Great Mosque in Córdoba

This research constitutes an alternative to proportional composition studies of the original Great Mosque and its four extensions in Córdoba, based on diagonals of a square and rectangles in ratio 1:√2 and 1:√3 (Fernández-Puertas, 2000, 2008). The method for this alternative research consists of graphic analyses by iteration of hypothetical products of the golden section in AutoCAD 2D software conducted on architectural drawings of the original Great Mosque and its four extensions, in reconstruction, according to measurements from the relevant literature. The alternative method insists on geometric harmonization derived from only one starting length in all drawings of same scale. It resulted in the production of a single harmonization pattern based on the golden section, with an additional sequence of a√2/Φn, successively developed for the original monument and its four extensions. It also includes otherwise excluded basic composition elements (minarets) and reveals otherwise hidden proportional qualities. The alternative approach enabled a deduction of algebraic expressions having only one variable for all drawings of the same scale. Their arithmetic values and deviations from real dimensions are calculated. Geometric harmonization by golden section with another starting length is applied to the drawing of the elevation at a different scale.

INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING Ti, Mo AND W ON THE KINETIC AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBRANE ALLOYS BASED ON Nb AND V

Проведен анализ влияния Ti, Mo и W на характер аморфной нано- и кристаллической структуры на прочностные и кинетические характеристики - диффузии D и проницаемости Ф водорода в мембранных сплавах, созданных на основе бинарных Ni - Nb и V - Ni. Легирование сплавов Ni - V титаном, молибденом и вольфрамом ведет к постепенному замещению ими ниобия и ванадия и способствует образованию нескольких второстепенных фаз хотя и действующих как барьеры для диффузии водорода, но способствующих снижению процессов гидридообразования. Выявлена строгая зависимость кинетики водорода не только от термодинамических параметров -температуры и давления, но и от наличия свободного объема в формируемых аморфных, нано-кристаллических и кристаллических сплавов. Установлено, что процессы селективности, динамика водорода - его поток J, определяемый произведением диффузии и проницаемости (J = D×Ф), зависят от базового состава, выбора легирующих элементов (Ti,Mo и W ), а также формируемых структур - аморфной, нанокристаллической и полифазной дуплексной кристаллической микроструктурой. Установлено, что тщательно подобранный состав определяет производительность селективного процесса и способствует выделению высокочистого водорода с последующими его приложениями для зеленой энергетики. An analysis was carried out of influence of Ti, Mo and W on the nature of the amorphous nano- and crystalline structures on the strength and kinetic characteristics - diffusion D and permeability Ф of hydrogen in membrane alloys based on binary Nb - Ni, V - Ni. Doping with Nb - V alloys, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten leads to the gradual replacement of niobium and vanadium, and promotes the formation of several minor phases while acting as barriers for hydrogen diffusion, but contributing hydride reduction processes. A close dependence of the hydrogen kinetics was revealed not only on thermodynamic parameters - temperature and pressure, but also on the presence of free volume in the formed amorphous, nanocrystalline and crystalline alloys. So, the processes of selectivity, the dynamics of hydrogen - its flux J determined by the product of diffusion D and permeability Ф, J = D×Ф depend on the basic composition and the choice of alloying elements (Ti,Mo and W ), as well as the formed structures - amorphous, nanocrystalline and duplex, represented by multiphase crystalline microstructures. It was found that a carefully selected composition determines the productivity of the selective process and promotes the release of high-purity hydrogen with its subsequent applications for green energy.

The Use of Moldavian Dragonhead Bagasse in Shaping the Thermophysical and Physicochemical Properties of Ice Cream

The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of bagasse from Moldavian dragonhead (D. moldavica L.) seeds as a source of valuable nutrients on the physicochemical properties of rice milk ice cream. The basic composition of the ice cream was modified with a varied proportion of Moldavian dragonhead bagasse (MDB) (1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, and 3.0%). The analysis of fatty acids showed a high proportion of linolenic acid (n-3) in the tested ice cream, especially with 3.0% share of bagasse. The addition of MDB increased dry matter, fat, and protein contents in the ice cream. The increasing share of this additive affected the physical properties of ice cream, increasing hardness, adhesiveness and viscosity, and reducing their melting rate. The study showed a negligible effect of the increasing share of MDB on the thermophysical properties of ice cream. Due to the high nutritional value of the bagasse (with the appropriate refinement of the recipe), it is possible to obtain rice milk ice cream with potential health-promoting properties.

Internal Friction of Angel Model of Particles

Currently, pressure from industry to streamline processes by creating their simulation models, and thus to gradual digitization is increasing. The essence of representative simulation models of bulk materials is to understand the principles and laws of the real behavior of particles. The aim of this study is therefore to find and quantify the possibilities and principles of how particles can change their position relative to other particles. The possibilities of particle displacements were expressed using their specific trajectories and work ratios, or internal friction angle values. This created a new comprehensive model of the internal friction angle of particles independent of particle size. It enables the interpretation of the determined values of the angles of internal friction of particles and its application in the field of simulations of mass and process models. The model can be used to determine the basic composition of particles in volume and the dominant ways of their mutual displacements.

Analysis of the composition and antioxidant status of breast milk in women giving birth prematurely and on time

Background Breastfeeding with mother’s milk is the best form of nutrition not only for newborn babies, but especially for premature babies, due to the health benefits of taking human food. Objectives The aim of the study was to examine the basic composition, cortisol concentration and antioxidant status of breast milk samples from women giving birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy and comparing it with milk samples from women giving birth after 37 weeks of pregnancy. Methods The material for the study was milk taken from women giving birth before and after 37 weeks of pregnancy. The basic composition of breast milk was determined using a MIRIS analyzer, cortisol concentration in samples by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test and their total antioxidant status was assessed by DPPH and FRAP methods. Results It has been shown that the concentration of cortisol in samples of human milk in the group of women giving birth before 37 weeks was 13.95 ng / ml [4,71–86,84], while in the group of women giving birth after week 37 of pregnancy—10.31 ng / ml [2.35-39-02] (p = 0.014), while% inhibition of DPPH was 65.46% and 58.30%, respectively (p = 0.014). Conclusions Milk from women giving birth prematurely is qualitatively different from the milk of women giving birth on time. The total antioxidant status of preterm milk is higher than term milk, which promotes the development of premature babies. Higher cortisol levels in samples from women giving birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy may stimulate the digestive system.

Сульфидные медно-никелевые месторождения в срединных массивах Пиренейского полуострова и Камчатки

A comparative description of two sulfide copper-nickel deposits confined to the middle massifs is given: Aguablanca (Iberian Massif, Spain) and Shanuch (Kamchatka Massif, Russia). It was shown that both deposits are spatially and genetically related to small intrusions and dikes of mostly basic composition. Ore bodies are funnel-shaped, lenticular, stock-shaped, and vein-like, and are spread to significant depths. Both deposits contain rich sulfide copper-nickel ores as well as relatively poor; the ore texture is predominantly breccia or massive, seldom disseminated. Ore mineral composition includes pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite with an insignificant admixture of minerals of the platinum group elements and gold. The ore bodies were topped with an "iron hat", which was the main sign of copper-nickel mineralization at depth.

Ceramic Protective Coatings for Cordierite-Mullite Refractory Materials

The issue of cordierite-mullite refractories protection from the influence of aggressive factors is considered. The interaction between the components of protective coatings has been studied. It has been investigated that in the systems based on poly(methylphenylsiloxane) filled with magnesium oxide, alumina and quartz sand, the synthesis of cordierite (2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2), mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2) or magnesium aluminate spinel (MgO•Al2O3) is possible. The basic composition of the protective coating, which can be recommended for the protection of cordierite-mullite refractory, is proposed.

PETROTYPES OF SANDSTONES OF THE SHESHMINSKY HORIZON IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF THE SOLIKAMSK DEPRESSION

The results of petrographic studies of sandstones of the Sheshminsky horizon are presented. The main components of the clastic phase have been determined. The studied section contains only lithite arenites, among which five petrographic varieties have been identified. The source of clastic material was probably five different complexes: volcanic and plutonic rocks of intermediate and basic composition, sedimentary, metamorphic and quartzite sequences

Dyke Rocks of the Korsun-Novomyrhorod Anorthosite-Rapakivigranite Pluton

In spite of significant intensity and composition variability of dyke magmatism in the Ingul mega-block, in the Korsun- Novomyrhorod anorthosite-rapakivi granite pluton (KNP) dyke magmatism is restricted. To present day, dykes of basic composition have not been described in this pluton. Previously mentioned gabbro-diabases dykes or diabase porphyrites should be classified as medium rocks as well as they are enriched by SiO2, Na2O and K2O. The authors succeeded studied the dyke from the Nosachiv massif, which can be considered the only known dyke of basic composition in KNP. By chemical composition, this rock is similar to the Ti-enriched gabroids of KNP, but differs in the presence of high-Ti magnetite (not typical mineral in plutonic rocks of KNP), and in terms of SiO2 and Na2O + K2O it should be classified as subalkaline. Most of the dikes known in the KNP are mainly monzonites, monzosienites, less widespread syenites, granite dikes are quite rare too. As our studies have shown, in the previously described porphyry dykes diabase structure is not exihibited. Furthermore pyroxene content is the first percent, and a significant (or most) of them are probably xenogeneic. According to chemical composition such dykes should be classified as medium in composition, because the SiO2 content in them is in the range of 54-60 % and elevated content of K2O, often prevails over Na2O, by low MgO and higher TiO2 they are similar to gabroid of KNP. In these rocks, normative orthoclase and quartz are calculated in significant quantities. Therefore, we offer to consider these rocks as dyke analogues of monzonites (quartz-containing or quartz) and regard as monzonite porphyry. The significant distribution of monzonites and syenites and their dyke analogues denote clear pronounced monzonite-syenite trend of evolution in KNP.