scholarly journals Exogenous Serotonin Improves Salt Tolerance in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Ding ◽  
Yan Lv ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Chunsheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System

Serotonin is a well-known agent that plays various roles in animals, and is little known in plants. In this study, the effect of exogenous serotonin was tested on Brassica napus L. (rapeseed) under salt stress. The results revealed that exogenous application of 200 µmol/L serotonin had the best protection under salinity. Exogenous serotonin effectively alleviated the growth inhibition of seedlings caused by salinity, and significantly promoted the accumulation of the fresh and dry weights of roots and shoots. Besides, although the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were raised under salinity, they were reduced by exogenous serotonin. The chlorophyll content was decreased under salinity, and was increased by exogenous serotonin. Under salinity, serotonin effectively activated antioxidant enzyme system through improving the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities, and the expression of POD7, CAT3 and Cu-SOD genes was also up-regulated. The results also revealed exogenous serotonin increased the solute content by promoting the accumulation of soluble sugar and protein. In conclusion, salinity caused a toxicity to seedlings through oxidative damage to chlorophyll and cell membrane integrity, and serotonin possessed the ability of scavenging reactive oxygen species, osmotic pressure regulation and promoting growth, thus alleviating salinity of rape seedlings.

scholarly journals Inactivation of Escherichia coli by Nanoparticulate Zerovalent Iron and Ferrous Ion

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (22) ◽  
pp. 7668-7670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Yeon Kim ◽  
Hee-Jin Park ◽  
Changha Lee ◽  
Kara L. Nelson ◽  
David L. Sedlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity

ABSTRACT The mechanism of Escherichia coli inactivation by nanoparticulate zerovalent iron (nZVI) and Fe(II) was investigated using reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenchers and probes, an oxidative stress assay, and microscopic observations. Disruption of cell membrane integrity and respiratory activity was observed under deaerated conditions [more disruption by nZVI than Fe(II)], and OH or Fe(IV) appears to play a role.

scholarly journals Aluminum Stress Affects Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Oil Tea

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1601-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Huang ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaofeng Tan ◽  
Genhua Niu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Camellia Oleifera ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Tea Plants

High concentration of aluminum ion (Al3+) in acidic soil often negatively affects plant growth. To deepen understanding of the mechanisms of physiological response to Aluminum (Al) toxicity, changes in physiology and cell ultrastructure of oil tea (Camellia oleifera) were investigated under different Al levels. Oil tea plants were grown in pots filled with sand and treated with Al at 0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.0, or 4.0 mm. Results showed that Al at 0.5–2.0 mm improved plant growth, whereas Al at 4.0 mm inhibited root growth and damaged cell ultrastructure. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and photochemical efficiency increased as Al concentration increased from 0 to 2.0 mm; however, all parameters mentioned previously decreased at 4.0 mm. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in leaves treated with 2.0 mm Al reached the maximum, which were 29%, 63%, and 28% higher than that of control. When Al was ≤2.0 mm, the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein increased with increasing Al concentration. These results may indicate that oil tea adapted to Al stress through osmotic adjustment and through increasing antioxidant enzyme system. In summary, Al at low concentration (0.5–2.0 mm) improved growth and physiological performance, whereas 4.0 mm negatively impacted performance of oil tea.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses of Contrasting Medicago truncatula Lines under Water Deficit Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2114
Author(s):  
Loua Haddoudi ◽  
Sabrine Hdira ◽  
Mohsen Hanana ◽  
Irene Romero ◽  
Imen Haddoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Molecular Responses ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Tolerant Line

Medicago truncatula is a forage crop of choice for farmers, and it is a model species for molecular research. The growth and development and subsequent yields are limited by water availability mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. Our study aims to evaluate the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to water deficit stress in four lines (TN6.18, JA17, TN1.11 and A10) of M. truncatula. The results showed that the treatment factor explained the majority of the variation for the measured traits. It appeared that the line A10 was the most sensitive and therefore adversely affected by water deficit stress, which reduced its growth and yield parameters, whereas the tolerant line TN6.18 exhibited the highest root biomass production, a significantly higher increase in its total protein and soluble sugar contents, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation with greater cell membrane integrity. The expression analysis of the DREB1B gene using RT-qPCR revealed a tissue-differential expression in the four lines under osmotic stress, with a higher induction rate in roots of TN6.18 and JA17 than in A10 roots, suggesting a key role for DREB1B in water deficit tolerance in M. truncatula.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzymes of Honeybee Larvae Exposed to Oxamyl

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
M. Prezenská ◽  
A. Sobeková ◽  
L. Sabová
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
The World

Abstract Oxamyl is a carbamate insecticide used to control a broad spectrum of insects. It can also affect non-targeted organisms when applied incorrectly. The world food production depends partially on honeybee pollination abilities and therefore it is directly linked to the health of bees. The success of the colony development depends, among other factors, on the health of the larvae. The first 6 days are crucial for their development. In this stage, the worker larvae grow exponentially and may be exposed to xenobiotics via their diet. In this study, we investigated the effect of oxamyl on honeybee larvae (Apis mellifera) by monitoring the changes in their antioxidant enzyme system. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase were determined in the homogenates of in vitro reared honeybee larvae after their single dietary exposure to oxamyl at doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 µg a.i./larva (a. i.—active ingredient). The doses of oxamyl did not cause statistically significant changes in the activities of the enzymes. Even a slight activation of these enzymes protected the larvae from the adverse effects of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Marked changes in both the enzyme activity and the content of lipid peroxidation products were observed at the oxamyl dose of 10 µg a. i./larva. This fact may indicate a potential oxidative damage to the larvae. These results allowed us to assume that the toxic effects of oxamyl involves not only the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase but is also associated with ROS production.

The Protective Effects of Graphene Oxide Against the Stress from Organic Solvent by Covering Hela Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidi Gao ◽  
Jia-Hui Liu ◽  
Victoria Arantza León Anchustegui ◽  
Yulin Chang ◽  
Jichuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity

Background: In recent years, new nanomaterials have received great attention due to their widespread use in agriculture, food safety and pharmacy. Among them, graphene and graphene oxide (GO) are emerging as promising nanomaterials, which may have far-reaching effects on pharmacy and health. </P><P> Objective: In this paper, the living Hela cells were covered by GO (Hela@GO) and the cell viability, reactive oxygen species, membrane integrity and apoptosis of them were compared with the control Hela cells, especially under the stress from four kinds of organic solvent, including dimethyl sulphoxide, ethanol, acetone, and glycerin. </P><P> Results: It was suggested that the GO may protect cells by covering the cells, keeping their membrane integrity, reducing the ROS and decreasing the apoptosis. </P><P> Conclusion: GO has attracted the tremendous attention of their bioapplications. In this research, the GO adhered to Hela cells. It was observed that the Hela@GO grew well. Besides, it was suggested that the GO would play a protective role to Hela cells against four organic solvents, by maintaining the cell membrane integrity, reducing ROS, and inhibiting the apoptosis.

scholarly journals β-Aminobutyric Acid Pretreatment Confers Salt Stress Tolerance in Brassica napus L. by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Methylglyoxal Detoxification

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jubayer Al Mahmud ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Masayuki Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversely affecting plant physiology and biochemistry. Hence, increased tolerance against salt stress is very important. In this study, we explored the function of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in enhancing salt stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). After pretreatment with BABA, seedlings were exposed to NaCl (100 and 150 mM) for 2 days. Salt stress increased Na content and decreased K content in shoot and root. It disrupted the antioxidant defense system by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2 and O2•−), methylglyoxal (MG) content and causing oxidative stress. It also reduced the growth and photosynthetic pigments of seedlings but increased proline (Pro) content. However, BABA pretreatment in salt-stressed seedlings increased ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents; GSH/GSSG ratio; and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glyoxalase I (Gly I), and glyoxalase II (Gly II) as well as the growth and photosynthetic pigments of plants. In addition, compared to salt stress alone, BABA increased Pro content, reduced the H2O2, MDA and MG contents, and decreased Na content in root and increased K content in shoot and root of rapeseed seedlings. Our findings suggest that BABA plays a double role in rapeseed seedlings by reducing Na uptake and enhancing stress tolerance through upregulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems.

scholarly journals Effects of Salt Stress on Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics, Antioxidant System, and Osmoregulation of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Zhiyuan Li ◽  
Xiumei Jiang ◽  
Yong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Coreopsis Tinctoria ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. (C. tinctoria) is used in composite tea material and has important medicinal functions. Soil salinization affects the growth and development of C. tinctoria in Xinjiang (China). Here, we discussed the changes in photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of C. tinctoria seedlings treated with different concentrations of NaCl [0 (CK), 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mmol·L−1] for 12, 24, and 72 hours. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal inhibition rate (Ls) decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of NaCl. Salt stress promoted the accumulation of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free proline (Pro). A highly significant positive correlation was found between Ls and Fv/Fm; Ls and Fv/Fo; soluble sugar and CAT; soluble sugar and soluble protein. C. tinctoria was most sensitive to the concentrations of 150 to 250 mmol·L−1 NaCl, and its salt stress tolerance was increased by reducing photosynthetic fluorescence parameters, improving the antioxidant enzyme system, and regulating osmotic substances.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document