Evaluation of the Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses of Contrasting Medicago truncatula Lines under Water Deficit Stress

Medicago truncatula is a forage crop of choice for farmers, and it is a model species for molecular research. The growth and development and subsequent yields are limited by water availability mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. Our study aims to evaluate the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to water deficit stress in four lines (TN6.18, JA17, TN1.11 and A10) of M. truncatula. The results showed that the treatment factor explained the majority of the variation for the measured traits. It appeared that the line A10 was the most sensitive and therefore adversely affected by water deficit stress, which reduced its growth and yield parameters, whereas the tolerant line TN6.18 exhibited the highest root biomass production, a significantly higher increase in its total protein and soluble sugar contents, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation with greater cell membrane integrity. The expression analysis of the DREB1B gene using RT-qPCR revealed a tissue-differential expression in the four lines under osmotic stress, with a higher induction rate in roots of TN6.18 and JA17 than in A10 roots, suggesting a key role for DREB1B in water deficit tolerance in M. truncatula.

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Differential performance of two forage species, Medicago truncatula and Sulla carnosa, under water-deficit stress and recovery

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp13049 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aida Rouached ◽

Inès Slama ◽

Walid Zorrig ◽

Asma Jdey ◽

Caroline Cukier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Osmotic Potential ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Leaf Osmotic Potential ◽

Forage Species

The response patterns during water deficit stress and subsequent recovery of two forage species, Medicago truncatula and Sulla carnosa, were studied. After germination and pre-treatment, seedlings were individually cultivated for two months under two irrigation modes: 100% and 33% of field capacity. Measured parameters were plant growth, water relations, leaf osmotic potential, lipid peroxidation, and leaf inorganic (Na+ and K+) and organic (proline and soluble sugars) solute contents, as well as delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS) and proline dehydrogenase (PDH) activities. Our results showed that under control conditions, and in contrast to roots, no significant differences were observed in shoot biomass production between the two species. However, when subjected to water-deficit stress, M. truncatula appeared to be more tolerant than S. carnosa (reduction by 50 and 70%, respectively). In the two studied species, water-deficit stress led to an increase in root/shoot ratio and leaf proline and soluble sugar contents, and a decrease in leaf osmotic potential. Enzymatic assay revealed that in the two species, P5CS activity was stimulated whereas that of PDH was inhibited under stress conditions. Despite greater accumulation of proline, sugar, and potassium in leaves of S. carnosa, M. truncatula was more tolerant to water deficit. This was essentially due to its capacity to control tissue hydration and water-use efficiency, in addition to its greater ability to protect membrane integrity. Following stress relief, M. truncatula and S. carnosa showed partial re-establishment of growth capacity.

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Free proline, total soluble sugar enrichment, photosynthetic abilities and growth performances in dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus(Haw) Britt. & Rose) grown under mannitol-induced water deficit stress

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2018.1206.16 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Tisarum ◽

T. Samphumphung ◽

C. Theerawitaya ◽

S. Cha-um

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Free Proline ◽

Total Soluble Sugar ◽

Growth Performances ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Hylocereus Undatus

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Methionine-induced regulation of growth, secondary metabolites and oxidative defense system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants subjected to water deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0259585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0259585

Author(s):

Gull Mehak ◽

Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽

Muhammad Ashraf ◽

Prashant Kaushik ◽

Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Growth Stages

Optimum water availability at different growth stages is one the major prerequisites of best growth and yield production of plants. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators considered effective for normal functioning of plants under water-deficit conditions. A study was conducted to examine the influence of exogenously applied L-methionine on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-five-day old seedlings of four sunflower cultivars, FH331, FH572, FH652 and FH623 were exposed to control (100% F.C.) and drought stress (60% F.C.) conditions. After 30-day of drought stress, L-methionine (Met; 20 mg/L) was applied as a foliar spray to control and drought stressed plants. Water deficit stress significantly reduced shoot fresh and dry weights shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll a content in all four cultivars. While a significant increase was observed due to water deficiency in relative membrane permeability (RMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble proteins (TSP), total soluble sugars (TSS), ascorbic acid (AsA) and activity of peroxidase (POD). Although, exogenously applied Met was effective in decreasing RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents, it increased the shoot fresh weight, shoot length, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in all four cultivars under water deficit stress. No change in AsA and total phenolics was observed due to foliar-applied Met under water stress conditions. Of all sunflower cultivars, cv. FH-572 was the highest and cv. FH-652 the lowest of all four cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights as well as shoot length under drought stress conditions. Overall, foliar applied L-methionine was effective in improving the drought stress tolerance of sunflower plants that was found to be positively associated with Met induced improved growth attributes and reduced RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents under water deficit conditions.

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Osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plant Science Today ◽

10.14719/pst.1256 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 9-20

Author(s):

Md. Nurjamal Islam ◽

Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud ◽

Md. Mahabub Alam ◽

Md. Nurnabi Islam ◽

Mohammed Lutfur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Transplanted Rice ◽

Water Stress Condition ◽

Four Levels ◽

Initiation Stage

A field experiment was conducted to observe the osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during the panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan72). At the panicle initiation stage, plants were simulated with four levels of water regimes viz., well-irrigated (D0), water deficit for 5 d (D1), 10 d (D2) and 15 d (D3). Plants were treated with or without 10 mM of proline (Pro) and trehalose (Tre) as foliar spray started at mid-vegetative stage and continued till the end of stress period. Results revealed that water deficit stress drastically reduced most of the plant morpho-physiological attributes while other yield contributing characters were also affected due to prolonged water deficit stress. However, exogenous application of osmolytes like Pro and Tre significantly increased all those morphological, physiological and yield contributing parameters. Foliar addition of osmolytes concomitantly decreased the number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and the number of unfilled grain panicle-1 under water stress condition. Although both the osmolytes performed well under multiple duration of drought stress, the application of 10 mM Pro markedly improved all growth and yield contributing parameters under D1 water deficit stress compared to other stress durations. Hence, it may be concluded that the use of osmolytes would be a prospective remedy against moderate water deficit stress in transplanted rice production.

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Physiological and Antioxidant Parameters in Two Lycoris Species as Influenced by Water Deficit Stress

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.50.11.1702 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (11) ◽

pp. 1702-1708 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sheng Xu ◽

Mingmin Jiang ◽

Jiangyan Fu ◽

Lijian Liang ◽

Bing Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Water Status ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase

From a field experiment, the changes in morphophysiological characters and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied in two Lycoris species (Lycoris radiata and Lycoris aurea) subjected to 16 days of water deficit stress. With the increase of water deficit stress processing time, leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased in both studied species. The water use efficiency (WUE) showed an opposite tendency between the two species under water deficit stress, where WUE of L. aurea decreased moderately and WUE of L. aurea increased somehow. Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in L. aurea and L. radiata decreased in respond to water deficit stress at early stages of stress treatment, then increased throughout the rest of the stress period, and reached levels higher than those in well-watered plants at the end of the treatment. In addition, there was a significant increment in soluble sugar content and proline accumulation under water deficit stress in both species, and L. radiata showed a much more accumulation. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased in both plants subjected to water deficit stress while declined as the stress time increased. In L. aurea, catalase (CAT) showed a sustained increment, but it responded later and after a transient increase declined again in L. radiata under water deficit stress. In conclusion, L. radiata was more tolerant to water deficit stress than L. aurea as evidenced by its relatively higher water status, higher levels of proline, soluble sugar and pigments, and stronger photoprotection. Moreover, relatively higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in L. radiata were also associated with its better protection against water deficit stress-induced oxidative damage.

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Involvement of Medicago truncatula glutamate receptor-like channels in nitric oxide production under short-term water deficit stress

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.jplph.2019.02.010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 236 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Florian Philippe ◽

Isabelle Verdu ◽

Marie-Christine Morère-Le Paven ◽

Anis M. Limami ◽

Elisabeth Planchet

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Glutamate Receptor ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide Production ◽

Short Term ◽

Oxide Production

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza improved growth performance in Macadamia tetraphylla L. grown under water deficit stress involves soluble sugar and proline accumulation

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-012-9771-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 285-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Suravoot Yooyongwech ◽

Nuttawuth Phaukinsang ◽

Suriyan Cha-um ◽

Kanyaratt Supaibulwatana

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Proline Accumulation ◽

Water Deficit Stress

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Influence of hydrophilic gel polymers on water relations and growth and yield of barley and canola

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps95-105 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 605-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. M. Volkmar ◽

C. Chang

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Commercial Application ◽

Yield Response ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Agricultural Field

Hydrophilic super-absorbent polymers retain large amounts of plant-available moisture and have been promoted for use as soil amendments in drought-prone regions. This controlled-environment study evaluated the capacity of two commercial polymer gels, Grogel and Transorb, to mitigate the effects of recurring moderate water-deficit stress (dry-down to 50% field capacity before rewatering) on growth and yield of barley and canola. Rates of 0.03, 0.12, 0.47 and 1.87 g polymer kg−1 sandy loam soil (1, 4, 16 and 64 times the recommended commercial application rate) were tested. Plants were grown at a soil moisture content of approximately 50% of field capacity. Neither polymer was effective at the commercially recommended rate. Barley and canola grain yields were unaffected at any Grogel rate, and Transorb had no effect on barley grain yield. Grogel at the highest rate enhanced early shoot mass, mature biomass production and grain yield of barley and increased leaf RWC. Canola had greater early and late vegetative biomass, but pod yield was not increased by Grogel at any rate. Transorb was most effective at four times the recommended rate, significantly increasing tiller and fertile spike number and mature biomass production at that rate. Leaf RWC were unaffected by Transorb treatment. Grogel stimulated root growth of barley but had no effect on roots of canola. Both polymers tended to increase consumptive water use. Spatial restriction was found to drastically reduce the water retention of both polymers and limit the absorbency of both polymers in this study. The high rates of polymer required to elicit a crop yield response under relatively mild water-deficit conditions limit the value of these polymers for agricultural field use of the crop species tested. Key words: Barley, canola, drought, hydrophilic polymer, soil conditioner, water stress

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The effects of silicon and titanium on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) growth under moisture deficit condition

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2017.109.2.27 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 443 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohsen Janmohammadi ◽

Nasrin Mohamadi ◽

Fariborz SHEKARI ◽

Amin ABBASI ◽

Mohammad ESMAILPOUR

Keyword(s):

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Yield Components ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Nano Particles ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Nano Silicon ◽

Semi Arid

Safflower is one of important crop in semi-arid regions of the world, where the precipitations are limited. In order to investigate the effect of foliar spray of nano-silicon dioxide (10 and 20 mM) and nano titanium dioxide (25 and 50 mM) and water-deficit stress (irrigation after 110 mm evaporation) on growth parameters and yield components of spring safflower a field experiment was carried out at the highland semi-arid region, in, North West of Iran. Water deficit stress significantly reduced morpho-physiological traits such as ground cover, canopy width, leaf fresh mass, leaf are and plant height) as well as yield components (e.g. capitulum diameter, seed mass and seed number per capitulum). However, the plants grown under water deficit condition showed the higher harvest index than well irrigated plants. Comparison of the foliar treatments showed that the both nano-particles (silicon and titanium) improved the plant growth and yield components over the control. However, the effect of nano-silicon was more prominent than titanium. The highest amount of seed oil was recorded under well irrigated condition (irrigation after 60 mm evaporation) with foliar application of nano-titanium. The percentage of palmitic acid, arachidic acid and myristic acid in seed increased by nano-titanium application. Altogether, principal component analysis indicated that spray of 10 mM nano silicon dioxide was best foliar treatments under all moisture regimes.

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