scholarly journals Predicting the Lime Demand of Arable Soils from pH Value, Soil Texture and Soil Organic Matter Content

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Joerg Ruehlmann ◽  
Eric Bönecke ◽  
Swen Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Look Up Table ◽  
The Look

For more than 40 years, farmers in Germany have used the fertilization recommendation schema provided by the Association of German Agricultural Investigation and Research Institutions (VDLUFA) to quantify the required lime (CaO) demand of arable mineral soils. To be applicable as guidelines in practice, the results of 30 years of fertilization experiments that studied the correlation between crop yields and the actual soil pH, the soil texture, and the soil organic matter (SOM) content were finally condensed into a look-up table system. However, because the original experimental data are no longer accessible, the purpose of this study is to reconstruct the interaction between the three soil parameters and their appropriate lime demands. Therefore, the class-based, stepwise approach of the look-up table system is transferred into a continuous, stepless approach using mathematical models. Under the precondition to preserve the pH-, texture- and SOM-dependent CaO amounts recommended in the look-up system (n = 317) to the greatest extent possible, the algorithm was successful; more than 99% of their variability could be explained by the models. This adaptation helps to meet the accuracy of present-day requirements of precision farming.

scholarly journals Sorption Behavior of Lead (Pb) onto Agricultural Soils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, ‎Pakistan: Potentials for Leaching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Bushra Khan ◽  
Nida Gul ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam

Abstract Lead (Pb) contamination in soil and subsequent transport in groundwater poses severe threats to the food safety and human health. In current study, the effects of soil organic matter on sorption behavior of Pb onto six agricultural soils were investigated by batch sorption experiments and microscopic characterization. Results indicated that Pb sorption onto agricultural soils was dominated by the soil organic matter content and soil texture. The decrease of organic matter content reduced the sorption capacity of Pb onto agricultural soils. Based on soil texture, the Pb sorption was highest in clay soil and lowest in silt type of soil. The overall Pb sorption was in the order of clay > clay loam > silty clay loam ≈ loam > silt loam > silt. The sorption isotherms of measured aqueous and soil phase Pb concentrations were fit well with the linear sorption model. The organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (Log KOC) ranged from 2.90 to 2.99. Linear partition coefficient (Kd) values were positively correlated with the soil properties, such as clay (R2 =0.90), OC (R2 =0.94) and pH (R2 = 0.45); however, weak correlation was found between Kd and soil sand contents (R2 = 0.12). The leachability model showed potential risk of Pb leaching from silt soil with lowest organic matter content. The findings are of significant importance for understanding potential threats of Pb to the soil ecosystem, groundwater, plants, and humans.

scholarly journals Soil pH and Nutrient Characteristics of Newly-added Cultivated Land in Heyang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Ruiqing Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Nan Lu ◽  
Yang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus

In order to understand the soil pH and main nutrient characteristics of newly added cultivated land in the eastern part of Guanzhong, and 160 soil samples were collected in 2016, the soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in Heyang County were studied The suitability distribution of the indicators, using stepwise regression and path analysis methods, analyzes the direct relationship between soil pH and soil nutrients, and provides a theoretical basis for improving the newly added cultivated land. The results showed that the soil pH in Heyang County varied from 8.42 to 9.67, the soil organic matter content varied from 3.46 to 17.93 g/kg, the soil total nitrogen content varied from 0.13 to 5.61 g/kg, and the soil available phosphorus changed The range is 1.73 ~ 63.06 mg/kg, and the soil available potassium range is 46.50 ~ 523.74. The newly added soil has a certain nutrient basis, but it should be further adjusted and improved during the cultivation process. The direct positive effect on soil pH value is mainly soil organic matter, and the direct negative effect is mainly soil available phosphorus. By adjusting the organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil, the pH value of the soil can be effectively improved, so that the newly cultivated soil is suitable for the growth of local crops.

scholarly journals Soil properties during transition from conventional to organic farming system in Kavre District, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Biboss Maharjan ◽  
Anon Chaulagain ◽  
Parikrama Sapkota ◽  
Dhurva P. Gauchan ◽  
Janardan Lamichanne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Farming System

 The aim of this study was to investigate the response of soil physical and chemical properties during the transition from conventional to organic farming system. Soil samples were collected from five different farms: “Hasera organic farm” under 10 years of organic farming, “Everything organic nursery” under 5 years of organic farming, “Grameen Krishi” under 3 years of transition from conventional to organic, “Gautamshree farm” under 1 years of transition from conventional to organic and “Kuntabeshi farm” under IPM practice as reference. Soil bulk density, moisture content, texture, NPK, CEC and soil organic matter was evaluated in soil samples collected at 0-15 cm. Soil organic matter (5.45%) was highest in Hasera farm, whereas lowest bulk density (1.02gcm-3) was also in Hasera farm. Lowest soil organic matter content was found in Gautamshree farm. Soils of all farms were under loam texture. Soil macronutrients were highest in Grameen Krishi farm. The overall pH value of all soil samples was slightly acidic to acidic.Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 13, No. 1, 2017, Page: 76-84

scholarly journals Guidelines for precise lime management based on high-resolution soil pH, texture and SOM maps generated from proximal soil sensing data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bönecke ◽  
Swen Meyer ◽  
Sebastian Vogel ◽  
Ingmar Schröter ◽  
Robin Gebbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Proximal Soil Sensing

Abstract Soil acidification is caused by natural paedogenetic processes and anthropogenic impacts but can be counteracted by regular lime application. Although sensors and applicators for variable-rate liming (VRL) exist, there are no established strategies for using these tools or helping to implement VRL in practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide guidelines for site-specific liming based on proximal soil sensing. First, high-resolution soil maps of the liming-relevant indicators (pH, soil texture and soil organic matter content) were generated using on-the-go sensors. The soil acidity was predicted by two ion-selective antimony electrodes (RMSEpH: 0.37); the soil texture was predicted by a combination of apparent electrical resistivity measurements and natural soil-borne gamma emissions (RMSEclay: 0.046 kg kg−1); and the soil organic matter (SOM) status was predicted by a combination of red (660 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 970 nm) optical reflection measurements (RMSESOM: 6.4 g kg−1). Second, to address the high within-field soil variability (pH varied by 2.9 units, clay content by 0.44 kg kg−1 and SOM by 5.5 g kg−1), a well-established empirical lime recommendation algorithm that represents the best management practices for liming in Germany was adapted, and the lime requirements (LRs) were determined. The generated workflow was applied to a 25.6 ha test field in north-eastern Germany, and the variable LR was compared to the conventional uniform LR. The comparison showed that under the uniform liming approach, 63% of the field would be over-fertilized by approximately 12 t of lime, 6% would receive approximately 6 t too little lime and 31% would still be adequately limed.

scholarly journals Which are important soil parameters influencing the spatial heterogeneity of <sup>14</sup>C in soil organic matter?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan John ◽  
Gerrit Angst ◽  
Kristina Kirfel ◽  
Sebastian Preusser ◽  
Carsten W. Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Fine Silt ◽  
Distribution Of Roots

Abstract. Radiocarbon (14C) analysis is an important tool that can provide information on the dynamics of organic matter in soils. Radiocarbon concentrations of soil organic matter (SOM) however, reflect the heterogeneous mixture of various organic compounds and are affected by different chemical, biological, and physical soil parameters. These parameters can vary strongly in soil profiles and thus affect the spatial distribution of the apparent 14C age of SOM considerably. The heterogeneity of SOM and its 14C signature may be even larger in subsoil horizons, which are thought to receive organic carbon inputs following preferential pathways. This will bias conclusions drawn from 14C analyses of individual soil profiles considerably. We thus investigated important soil parameters, which may influence the 14C distribution of SOM as well as the spatial heterogeneity of 14C distributions in soil profiles. The suspected strong heterogeneity and spatial variability, respectively of bulk SOM is confirmed by the variable 14C distribution in three 185 cm deep profiles in a Dystric Cambisol. The 14C contents are most variable in the C horizons because of large differences in the abundance of roots there. The distribution of root biomass and necromass and its organic carbon input is the most important factor affecting the 14C distribution of bulk SOM. The distance of the soil profiles to a beech did not influence the horizontal and vertical distribution of roots and 14C concentrations. Other parameters were found to be of minor importance including microbial biomass-derived carbon and soil texture. The microbial biomass however, may promote a faster turnover of SOM at hot spots resulting in lower 14C concentration there. Soil texture had no statistically significant influence on the spatial 14C distribution of bulk SOM. However, SOM in fine silt and clay sized particles (< 6.3 µm) yields slightly higher 14C concentrations than bulk SOM particularly at greater soil depth, which is in contrast to previous studies where silt and clay fractions contained older SOM stabilized by organo-mineral interaction. 14C contents of fine silt and clay correlate with the microbial biomass-derived carbon suggesting a considerable contribution of microbial-derived organic carbon. In conclusion, 14C analyses of bulk SOM mainly reflect the spatial distribution of roots, which is strongly variable even on a small spatial scale of few meters. This finding should be considered when using 14C analysis to determine SOM.

scholarly journals Influence of straw incorporation-to-planting interval on soil physical properties and maize performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz A. Dahri ◽  
Ahmed A. Tagar ◽  
Jan Adamowski ◽  
Naimatullah Leghari ◽  
Ali R. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Incorporation

Abstract Long-term soil disturbance due to regular tillage destroys the soil structure, particularly by reducing the soil organic matter content. This, in turn, can lead to declining crop yields. This study assessed the influence of wheat (Triticum æstivum L.) straw incorporation and timing prior to seeding at 6 Mg ha−1 (S+), relative to no straw (S−), on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield parameters, as well as on soil characteristics. There were four intervals between straw incorporation and maize seeding, i.e. 60, 45, 30 and 15 days before sowing. Compared to the S− (control), soil dry bulk density increased (p ≤ 0.05) under all S+ treatments. A significantly greater proportion of undesirable small aggregates (<0.5 mm), and a lesser proportion of desirable medium sized (0.5-8.0mm) aggregates, occurred under S− treatment, as compared to $S_{60}^ +$ treatment. A similar, but less pronounced, trend was observed under $S_{45}^ +$ treatment. This trend was also evident for the $S_{30}^ +$ and $S_{15}^ +$ treatments. Generally, incorporation of straw 60 days prior to sowing led to achieving the best soil structure in terms of aggregation. Compared to S−, the soil organic matter showed a weakly significant (0.05 ≤ p ≤ 0.06) increase under straw amendment. Seedling emergence, plant height, cob length, the number of grain rows per plant, the number of grains per cob, as well as 1000 grain weight and yield were the highest under $S_{60}^ +$ , and the lowest under S−. The present study suggests that more research is necessary over longer time periods between straw incorporation and seeding on different crops, and in different soil types, in order to study the effects on soil properties, and on the growth and yield of crops.

scholarly journals Impact of Wastes on Some Properties of Soil around an Active Dumpsite in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Opeyemi Akintola ◽  
Gabriel Oladapo Adeyemi ◽  
Oluwayemisi Samuel Olokeogun ◽  
Idayat Adewunmi Bodede
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Recently most farmers in developing country like Nigeria has resulted to the use of solid wastes as compost to replenish the deteriorated soils while some are farming on the abandoned waste dumpsite due to their richness in organic matter. This study assessed the soil nutrient and fertility status by investigating the influence of wastes (if any) on physical and chemical properties of soils in and around Lapite dumpsite for environmental sustainability. Ten soil samples each collected from three locations: dumpsite, downslope and upslope sites at depth of 0-20cm were analyzed for soil texture, bulk density, porosity, electrical conductivity, pH, organic carbon, organic matter content (OMC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni. Significant differences were observed on soil physical: moisture content (18.05-38.11 %); Bulk density (1.01-1.54 g/cm3); porosity (49.09-74.56 %) and chemical properties: : OMC (1.39-5.98 %);TN (0.58-1.60 %); AP(0.35-1.09 %) among others in soils from the studied location sites at p ≤ 0.05; however, no remarkable impact was noticed on soil texture. This study has shown that deposition of wastes has impacted the physical and chemical properties by improving soil organic matter contents and increasing nutrient contents such as exchangeable bases and micronutrient, thus enhancing soil organic matter, fertility and productivity status of the soil for maximum plant growth. However, increase in heavy metal concentrations in dumpsite soils call for incessant assessment and monitoring, thus sorting, reuse and recycling should be encouraged to reduce the metal loads over time.

Adsorption, Mobility, and Efficacy of Metribuzin as Influenced by Soil Properties

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. John Peter ◽  
Jerome B. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Glycol Monoethyl Ether ◽  
Highly Correlated

The effect of various soil parameters on metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] efficacy was studied on seven soils and metribuzin adsorption was investigated in nine soils. Soil organic-matter and clay contents were correlated with metribuzin activity. Specific surface area, as measured by ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) was highly correlated with metribuzin activity. Soil organic-matter content and EGME surface area measurements were also highly correlated with metribuzin adsorption in soils. Since metribuzin is highly water soluble (water solubility greater than 1000 ppm), it was probably adsorbed at the hydrophilic sites on the soil surfaces that were measured by EGME. Metribuzin was much more mobile than atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] in a leaching study.

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