scholarly journals Check-All-That-Apply Questions including the Ideal Product as a Tool for Selecting Varieties in Breeding Programs. A Case Study with Mandarins

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2243
Author(s):  
Adrián Giménez-Sanchis ◽  
Amparo Tárrega ◽  
Paula Tarancón ◽  
Pablo Aleza ◽  
Cristina Besada
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Fruit Breeding ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Consumer Panel ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Penalty Analysis ◽  
The Ideal

Obtaining superior quality varieties are one of the main objectives of fruit breeding programs worldwide. In this study, we investigate employing check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions, which include the ideal product, as a method to select new varieties according to consumer organoleptic quality requirements. To this end, mandarin cultivars were used as a case study. Four new cultivars from the IVIA breeding program (‘Pri-88′, ‘Pri-89′, ‘Pri-90′ and ‘Tri-707′), and two commercial cultivars related to them (‘Clemenules’ and ‘Oronules’), were evaluated by a consumer panel using the CATA questions method, which include their ideal product. Our results reveal that this method is a useful tool for selecting varieties based on consumer descriptions of their sensory properties in relation to those of their ideal cultivar. This allows the different consumer preference patterns and differences in sample perceptions to be taken into account. A penalty analysis was performed, including the ideal product, to identify the “must-have” attributes; i.e., those that consumers included in their ideal mandarin description and, whenever present in samples, they significantly increased acceptance. For the mandarins herein evaluated, these attributes are “refreshing taste”, “very aromatic”, “sweet”, “juicy”, “very intense taste”, “sour” and “not very fibrous”. The fruit characteristics that contributed to improve the quality of the new varieties vs. the original varieties were also identified. ‘Pri-89′ and ‘Tri-707′, obtained from ‘Clemenules’, came closer to consumers’ ideal variety, because besides the aforementioned “must-have” attributes, these mandarins have small segments. ‘Pri-90′ implied improvement in relation to ‘Oronules’ and is an appropriate variety for those consumers sensitive to bitterness and who like mandarins with a certain level of sourness.

scholarly journals The Chemistry behind Tomato Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Dario Paolo ◽  
Giulia Bianchi ◽  
Roberto Lo Scalzo ◽  
Carlo F. Morelli ◽  
Marco Rabuffetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
New Varieties

Tomato is one of the most widely consumed fresh vegetables in the industrialized world and an important source of healthy constituents of the human diet. Despite the unique flavor characteristics of tomatoes, which make them extremely valuable in cooking, and their recognized beneficial role in the diet, the quality of tomato was traditionally only considered in connection to external appearances. As it happened with other highly requested crops, breeding programs of tomato focused their efforts on developing new varieties with higher yields and stress resistance, with better uniformity in fruit size, brighter color and prolonged shelf life. The downside of these strategies was that organoleptic features and nutritional value were often neglected, with a detrimental effect on commercial tomatoes. Over the last years, there has been an increase in consumers’ demand for tasty and healthy products. This aspect, paired with novel and multidisciplinary approaches to tomato research, allowed both sensory and nutritional qualities to be reconsidered as valuable parameters in breeding. In this review we describe the main chemical constituents of tomato, focusing on the flavor compounds (both volatile and non-volatile compounds) and secondary metabolites. Particular attention is paid to their beneficial effects on human health and their relevance to the overall quality of tomato.

scholarly journals The Production and Quality of Different Varieties of Papaya Grown under Greenhouse in Short Cycle in Continental Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille N. Honoré ◽  
Luis J. Belmonte-Ureña ◽  
Asensio Navarro-Velasco ◽  
Francisco Camacho-Ferre
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Southeast Spain

In Europe, papaya consumption is growing due to its nutritional properties. The proximity of consumer markets to Southeast Spain allows fruits to be harvested at a more advanced stage of maturity compared to exporting countries from outside Europe, a timeline which improves the quality of the papaya. Experiments have been carried out to assess the adaptation of papaya to protected cropping systems (under greenhouse) in the region. In this paper, we showed the results obtained in an experiment with five varieties, taking the most cultivated variety as control, which was grafted on its own female rootstock, in addition to another four new varieties that were introduced. Transplanting was made with early sex-identified plants in the nursery. Cultivation was developed in a 446-day cycle, almost 15 months and fruits were always harvested from the soil, due to the height that the plant reached in that period. The best yield parameters and fruit characteristics were obtained from hermaphrodite Intenzza papaya grafted on female papaya rootstock, although there were also other varieties which gave results that made possible its cultivation under this production system.

scholarly journals Experience with Descriptors, Registration and Protection of vegetable cultivars: eggplant as a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Sabrina IC Carvalho ◽  
Francisco JB Reifschneider ◽  
Cláudia SC Ribeiro ◽  
Luciano B Bianchetti ◽  
Francisco L Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relevant Factors

ABSTRACT The Registro Nacional de Cultivares [RNC (National Register of Cultivars)] and the Serviço Nacional de Proteção de Cultivares [SNPC (National Service for Cultivar Protection)] were established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA) in 1997. The registration of a cultivar in the RNC allows the production, processing and commercialization of seeds in the country. The right of commercial exploitation, assured by the protection of a cultivar in the SNPC, allows the allocation of resources to public and private breeding programs, and the subsequent launching of new cultivars. The authors’ experience with the theme and its relevance to the public and private sectors provided the base for this article, thus sharing the elements considered relevant in the process of establishing descriptors, registration and protection of cultivars in Brazil, using the eggplant as the focus of the case study. Due to the lack of guidelines for protection of Solanum melongena cultivars in Brazil, 43 eggplant descriptors of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) were evaluated. For the establishment of descriptors, registration and protection of cultivars, relevant factors included: knowledge of the genetic variability of a collection of germplasm and of plant morphology; experience in morphological characterization, assessment of descriptors and crop management in different climatic environments; the tropicalization of descriptors; the time needed for the establishment of descriptors, their approval and adoption by MAPA; the knowledge and compliance with the bureaucratic demands for the effectiveness of the processes; the mobilization of interdisciplinary talents and the support of public research to assist MAPA in the validation of the descriptors.

scholarly journals Post-storage sensory quality of apple varieties

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kókai ◽  
P. Sass ◽  
M. Erdélyi
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Sensory Tests

The changing situation of apple production in Hungary has given rise to a great demand for new varieties. Besides bearing capacity, fruit quality and suitability for new training systems, consumer preference is one of the grower's main considerations. Growers need reliable information in order to choose the appropriate variety, so consumer tests have become essential. Altogether, 1 I traditional and new varieties were involved in this project. In the first part of the experiment, panelists ranked the coded samples according to their appearance. In the second part, apples were cut into unpeeled slices and the samples were also coded. The assessors were asked to taste them and rank them again. The sensory tests were held after three different storage periods.

scholarly journals Charting orthographical reliability in a corpus of English historical letters

ICAME Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Sairio ◽  
Samuli Kaislaniemi ◽  
Anna Merikallio ◽  
Terttu Nevalainen
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early English ◽  
English Spelling ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Bad Data ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Research into orthography in the history of English is not a simple venture. The history of English spelling is primarily based on printed texts, which fail to capture the range of variation inherent in the language; many manuscript phenomena are simply not found in printed texts. Manuscript-based corpora would be the ideal research data, but as this is resource-intensive, linguists use editions that have been produced by non-linguists. Many editions claim to retain original spellings, but in practice text is always normalized at the graph level and possibly more so. This does not preclude using such a corpus for orthographical research, but there has been no systematic way to determine the philological reliability of an edited text. In this paper we present a typological methodology we are developing for the evaluation of orthographical quality of edition-based corpora, with the aim of making the best use of bad data in the context of editions and manuscript practices. As a case study, we apply this methodology to the Early Modern and Late Modern English sections of the Corpus of Early English Correspondence.

scholarly journals Comparing Design Quality for School Buildings In IRAQ (Directorate General of Education in Diyala Case Study)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Wadhah Amer Hatem
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Ideal

Design quality has many definitions according to the field being considered. In the construction industry, the term design quality can be defined as the ideal design that satisfies all the project parties in terms of cost, time, and material specification and so on. Design quality measurement is considered from the point of view of complex tasks in the construction industry because of the differences in the stakeholders’ opinions regarding each item in the design such as whether is it safe, comfortable, attractive in style. etc. This paper compares the design quality of two types of school buildings in Iraq and uses the design quality indicator toolkit DQI which was developed by Gann et al. [1]. The results show that the design quality for the closed school building was superior to that of the U-shape building in many aspects.

scholarly journals Simulation of vehicle movements for planning construction logistics centres

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Jin Ying ◽  
Michael O’Sullivan ◽  
Ivo Adan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Small Footprint ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
The Ideal

Purpose Materials supply is one of the important elements in construction operation and a major factor affecting the quality of construction projects. Many industries look to manage materials effectively by attempting to integrate logistics processes into logistics chains of suppliers and customers. Logistics processes, being crucial for successful completion of construction projects, but in fact, auxiliary, are often entrusted to external professionals specialised in logistic services, such as logistics centres. However, this tendency is yet to be developed in construction. The purpose of this paper is to develop a simulation framework for the examination of potential improvements of logistics performance using logistics centres. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was adopted with computer simulation using Flexsim. Data of vehicle movements were collected during construction on-site from the start of construction to “hand-over” to the building owner. Findings The ideal location of a logistics centre is identified using vehicle movements data collected on the site. The potential improvements of the planned centre are then evaluated by simulating various scenarios of vehicle movements. The enclosed results from the simulations indicate that using a logistics centre will reduce waste for the construction project considered. Originality/value The paper emphasises that creating a logistics centre for a project can improve construction logistics performance, by consolidating and optimizing both off-site and on-site logistics, especially when the site condition is prohibitive (small footprint with limited loading bay area). Establishing logistics centres may help find ways of making the overall construction project more effective by improving the management of materials.

scholarly journals Understanding the Quality of Local Vineyard Soils in Distinct Viticultural Areas: A Case Study in Alcubillas (La Mancha, Central Spain)

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta ◽  
Sandra Bravo ◽  
José Angel Amorós ◽  
Caridad Pérez-de los Reyes ◽  
Jesús García-Pradas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Vineyard Soils ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

The essential features of the soils of a pilot zone in La Mancha (Central Spain), namely the Alcubillas municipability, have been characterized. The soil properties that may contribute to a better understanding of the impact of soil on grape production have also, been evaluated. For this, several soil profiles have been described and analyzed and the profiles have been mapped. The soils are mainly Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols, with their evolution controlled by the action of a xerophytic Mediterranean climate. Most of these soils have a loamy clay texture, with medium clay contents and sufficient nutrient contents (despite the low content in organic matter 1.39% and 1.04%, and the high concentrations of calcium carbonate 23.7% and 26.9% in the surface and subsurface horizons, respectively). Drainage problems were not observed and it can therefore be stated that the Alcubillas vineyards are based on a ‘terroir’ term for the production of high quality grapes. In general, the soils are not subjected to treatments to control possible diseases or pests and we have therefore postulated that the soils represent the ideal scenario to establish a distinctive zone and for the increasingly valued ecological and natural viticulture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (Cerasus vulgaris L.) in the process of embryos cultivation in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Natalia Kovalenko ◽  
Svetlana Gladkih
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro

The objective reasons for the low yield of breeding material are shown. They are associated with the timing of the fruits selection, affecting the formation of the embryos and cotyledons, as well as their infection and damage by seed eater (Apion Pomonae Fabricius). The paper presents a general characteristics of the seeds quality of cherry varieties and the stages of development of embryos and cotyledons depending on the period of pollination. The presence of damage to the seed by seed eaters at an early stage was revealed, and then the complete destruction of the nucleus by its larvae. The assessment of the seeds quality in the fruits of cherry varieties (C. vulgaris L.) was carried out to reveal the suitability their embryos cultivation in vitro for breeding programs of new varieties development. The presence of three waves of fruit dropping, inherent in cherry varieties after blossoming is clarified. When assessing the quality of the seed of the varieties introduced into in vitro culture, it is necessary to pay attention to the timing of the “harvest” of fruits and their infection, the formation of the embryos and cotyledons, as well as the presence or absence of clutches of seed eaters (damage by seed eaters).

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

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