scholarly journals Mild Salinity Stimulates Biochemical Activities and Metabolites Associated with Anticancer Activities in Black Horehound (Ballota nigra L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Mehdi Younessi-Hamzekhanlu ◽  
Zahra Dibazarnia ◽  
Shahin Oustan ◽  
Teniyah Vinson ◽  
Ramesh Katam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Total Phenolic

Black horehound (Ballota nigra L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants, as a rich source of health-promoting essential oils and metabolites. Salinity stress affects plant development and alters antioxidant activity and plant metabolite composition. The present research aimed to study the effect of salinity on physiological and biochemical changes and metabolites of B. nigra under greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. The plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 75, 100 mM), and morphological characteristics of the plant were measured. The growth-related traits and soil plant analysis development (SPAD) were decreased both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, increased salt concentration negatively affected the cell membrane integrity. The total phenolic content and flavonoids of plants growing in the greenhouse increased by 21% at 50 mM of NaCl, but the amounts decreased significantly at higher stress levels (100 mM of NaCl). Antioxidant activity was also measured. Among the NaCl treatments, the most increased DPPH scavenging activities (IC50) under greenhouse and in vitro conditions were detected at mild salinity stress, but the activity significantly decreased in higher salinity treatments (i.e., 75 and 100 mM). In general, with increasing the salinity level to 75 mM, the activities of CAT and APX were significantly upregulated in both greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. A correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant activity was obtained. Salinity level caused a shift in the metabolite expression. Mild salinity stress elevated the metabolites involved in anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, such as β-ionone and caryophyllene oxide. However, the higher salt stress resulted in a significant reduction in their expression. Differential expression of metabolites to various levels of salt stress can be further exploited for the in vitro biosynthesis of metabolites.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Morphological Characteristics, Biochemical Accumulation, and Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Black Horehound (Ballota nigra L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Younessi Mehdikhanlou ◽  
Zahra Dibazarnia ◽  
Shahin Oustan ◽  
Vinson Teniyah ◽  
Ramesh Katam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Total Flavonoids

Black horehound (Ballota nigra L.) is one of the important medicinal plants, which is a rich source of health-promoting essential oils. Salinity stress affects plant development and alters the quality and quantity of plants extracts and their composition. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on morphological, physiological characteristics, and secondary metabolites of B. nigra under greenhouse, and in vitro culture conditions. The plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 75, 100 mM) and fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem were measured as well as morphological characteristics of the plant. Plant growth was reduced with the increased salinity concentrations. The results showed that all growth-related traits and SPAD were decreased both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, increased salt concentration affected the cell membrane integrity. Total phenolics content of plants growing in the greenhouse, increased by 21% at 50 mM NaCl, but at higher stress levels (100 mM NaCl), the amounts were decreased significantly. Total flavonoids contents followed similar patterns, with a slight difference. In addition, the maximum and minimum total phenolics contents of plants growing under in vitro condition were observed at 50 mM NaCl and control treatments, respectively. Increasing the salt concentration significantly affected the total flavonoids content, and as a result, the highest amount was observed in 50 and 75 mM NaCl treatments. Antioxidant activity was also measured. Among the NaCl treatments, the highest DPPH scavenging activities (IC50) under greenhouse and in vitro conditions were detected at 50 mM and 25 mM concentrations, respectively. In general, based on the results, with increasing the salinity level to 75 mM, the activities of CAT and APX were significantly upregulated in both greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. A correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant activity were obtained. With shifting salinity stress, the type and the amount of the identified essential oil compounds changed. Compounds such as styrene, tridecanol, germacrene-D, beta-Ionone, beta-bisabolene, and caryophyllene oxide increased compared to the controlled treatment.

scholarly journals Variability in salinity stress tolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties using in vitro screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Abdullah Ahmed Ahmed ◽  
Nilüfer Koçak Şahin ◽  
Güray Akdoğan ◽  
Cennet Yaman ◽  
Deniz Köm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that lead to an imbalance in the physiological processes of the plants and also affects potato growth and productivity in maınly semi-arid and growing areas. The accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions in the cells is very toxic can influence all mechanisms and the enzymatic actions of the plants. In vitro screening of plant genotypes for osmotic stress represents a valuable tool as an alternative to field trials and can be applied based on osmotic stress tolerance. The main goal of this study was to reveal variability in salinity stress tolerance of potato varieties using in vitro screening. Stem cuttings consisting of a single node of different varieties were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM). The differences among the plantlet length, number of branches, number of nodes, number of the leaflet, leaflet width, leaflet length, root length, number of the root, fresh plantlet weight, dry plantlet weight of all varieties were negatively influenced by all NaCl concentrations tested. Microtuberization and stolon growth of the varieties were also completely inhibited at high concentrations (100-150 mM). The Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to the data matrix (15 morphological characteristics x 12 potato varieties) of the potato varieties. Also, a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to identify the possible nearest and similarity of all morphological characteristics analyzed of the potato varieties. In grouping potato varieties, HCA and PCA results were found to be similar. We can speculate about the responses of morphological similarities of the potato varieties against salt stress. We concluded that Innovator and Kennebec are respectively the most salt-tolerant varieties. Hermes was moderately salt-tolerant and microtuberization capacity of Slaney was also high under salt stress conditions.

Responses of grass pea seedlings to salinity stress in in vitro culture conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Piwowarczyk ◽  
Krzysztof Tokarz ◽  
Iwona Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Pea Seedlings

scholarly journals Compact callus cultures and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae) under in vivo and in vitro culture conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goncalves Ribeiro Ivan ◽  
Roberto Machado Gayer Carlos ◽  
Carvalho de Castro Tatiana ◽  
Garcia Pinto Coelho Marsen ◽  
Albarello Norma
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Hovenia Dulcis

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Functional Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Landrace Green Beans

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños ◽  
Alma Karina Garzón-García ◽  
Jimena Esther Alba-Jiménez ◽  
José Luis Chávez-Servia ◽  
Araceli Minerva Vera-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Color Parameters

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. landrace green beans on pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total sugars, color parameters, total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). Regarding the content of total sugars, differences were registered between both species, as opposed to results observed in total soluble solids. Color parameters showed higher reddish tones for P. vulgaris landraces, though P. coccineus had a higher total phenolic content, especially the reddish landraces, which correlated directly to a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP. In the protein content, the species P. vulgaris registered the highest content. These results could contribute to a greater use and even promote the genetic improvement of the outstanding pods that serve as one of the main food products in rural regions for higher benefits.

scholarly journals Honeybee Pollen Extracts Reduce Oxidative Stress and Steatosis in Hepatic Cells

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Juan Esteban Oyarzún ◽  
Marcelo E. Andia ◽  
Sergio Uribe ◽  
Paula Núñez Pizarro ◽  
Gabriel Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Quercetin Concentration

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Additional therapies using functional foods and dietary supplements have been investigated and used in clinical practice, showing them to be beneficial. Honeybee pollen from Chile has shown a large concentration of phenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity. In this work, we characterized twenty-eight bee pollen extracts from the central zone of Chile according to botanical origin, phenolic profile, quercetin concentration, and antioxidant activity (FRAP and ORAC-FL). Our results show a statistically significant positive correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Selected samples were evaluated on the ability to reverse the steatosis in an in vitro cell model using Hepa1-6 cells. The pollen extracts protected Hepa1-6 cells against oxidative damage triggered by 2,2′-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)derived free radicals. This effect can be credited to the ability of the phenolic compounds present in the extract to protect the liver cells from chemical-induced injury, which might be correlated to their free radical scavenging potential. Additionally, bee pollen extracts reduce lipid accumulation in a cellular model of steatosis. In summary, our results support the antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-steatosis effect of bee pollen in an in vitro model.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF PURIFIED ANTHOCYANIN ISOLATED FROM TEAK AND IT’S IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greeshma Murukan ◽  
Murugan K.
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Objective: The present study evaluates purification, characterization of anthocyanin from in vitro culture of teak and its antioxidant potential.Methods: Anthocyanin was extracted from in vitro culture, purified by using amber lite XAD column and fractionated by Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Various antioxidant assays were carried such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), Nitric oxide (NO) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).Results: Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed the major fraction as cyanidin 3-(2-xylosyl-rutinoside) with unknown peaks. The amount of anthocyanin was 15.23 mg/g monomeric anthocyanin. Further, the potential antioxidant capacity of the teak anthocyanin was comparable to common vegetables and fruits. Similarly, high correlations of anthocyanin with antioxidant activity, such as oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) (r = 0.95, 0.93, and 0.80) were found.Conclusion: The high anthocyanins content and potential antioxidant activity suggests that teak anthocyanin may be applied in the food industry as a good source of natural pigments

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