scholarly journals Evaluation of SCD, ACACA and FASN Mutations: Effects on Pork Quality and Other Production Traits in Pigs Selected Based on RNA-Seq Results

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Piórkowska ◽  
Martyna Małopolska ◽  
Katarzyna Ropka-Molik ◽  
Magdalena Szyndler-Nędza ◽  
Angelika Wiechniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Missense Variant ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Pcr Rflp

In recent years, pig producers have struggled with the problem of low intramuscular fat levels in pork, which impacts palatability and ultimately meat quality. Reduced levels of intramuscular fat are likely the result of breeding objectives aimed at increasing lean meat content. In this study, three mutations within candidate genes for fat content (SCD, ACACA, and FASN) were selected, based on RNA-seq results and the relationship between polymorphisms in genes related to lipid metabolism, fattening and slaughter characteristics, as well as pork quality, including IMF level, were evaluated to identify selection markers. Moreover, their impact on gene expression was also examined. The PCR–RFLP (polymerase cha- in reaction – restriction fragments length) method was used to establish genotypes and effect sizes of potential genetic markers were estimated using a GLM model. It was identified that a FASN missense variant was positively associated with the expression level of this gene, which suggested its linkage with a mutation having a regulatory function. The association study indicated that the FASN missense variant may play a role in the determination of feed conversion and meat colour. In turn, a mutation in the ACACA gene showed a relationship with IMF content in the Puławska breed where the differences reached as much as 20%. We suggest considering all three mutations in further studies based on different pig populations due to the crucial role of SCD, ACACA, and FASN genes in lipid metabolism.

Association of genetic variants of the prolactin gene with milk production traits in Russian Red Pied cattle

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 156-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Alipanah ◽  
Lobov Kalashnikova ◽  
Genadi Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Prolactin Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Rsai Polymorphism

Prolactin plays an important regulatory function in mammary gland development, milk secretion, and expression of milk protein genes. Hence the PRL gene is a potential genetic marker of production traits in dairy cattle. The gene was mapped on chromosome 23 by Hallerman et al. (1988). It consists of 5 exons and four introns (Camper et al. 1984) encoding the 199-amino-acid mature protein (Wallis 1974). On the basis of sequence analysis of four different cDNA clones, seven possible nucleotide substitutions were described by Sasavage et al. (1982). One of them, recognized by RsaI endonuclease, has become a popular genetic marker used for genetic characterization of cattle populations by means of PCR-RFLP (Mitra et al., 1995). Two allelic variants (B and b) have been distinguished at the DNA level, based on RsaI polymorphism in the third exon of the coding region. It has been suggested that prolactin alleles correlate with milk yield (Lewin et al., 1992).

scholarly journals Effect of Leptin Gene Polymorphism on Fattening and Slaughter Value of Line 990 Gilts

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Stępień-Poleszak ◽  
Arkadiusz Pietruszka ◽  
Maria Kawęcka
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Mass Increase ◽  
Daily Gain

The study was aimed at defining leptin gene polymorphism and its potential association with values of particular features of fattening and slaughter value of gilts of Line 990. The study included a total of 208 gilts. The polymorphic locus in LEP gene was identified by the restriction enzyme HinfI in 3469 position, by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. Two alleles of LEP gene were identified: T (0.94) and C (0.06), resulting in two genotypes: TC (0.12) and TT (0.88). We did not observe any gilts of CC genotype. The analysis of values of fattening and slaughter features, depending on LEP genotype did not reveal significant differences in body mass increase, daily gain from day 63 to 180, and daily gain from birth to day 180, feed conversion per 1 kg body mass and the loin-eye thickness. Significant differences between the LEP genotypes were present for such features as the backfat thickness at points P2 (p ⪬ 0.05) and P4 (p ⪬ 0.01) and average backfat thickness (p ⪬ 0.01) in favour of TT genotype. We noted higher average values of lean meat content in carcass in favour of TT homozygotes, compared to the heterozygotes (p ⪬ 0.05). The investigation contributes additonal information regarding LEP gene polymorphism in gilts of Line 990. Knowledge of LEP genotypes may be useful to improve the slaughter value in gilts primarily due to less fatness. Due to the lack of individuals representing CC genotype in our results, research should continue on a larger population.

scholarly journals The effect of sires on fenotypic variability of productive traits of performance tested boars

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Mijatovic ◽  
Milica Petrovic ◽  
Dragan Radojkovic ◽  
Zivan Jokic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Productive Traits

The main objective of this study was to investigate the importance of the sires effect on fenotypic variability of production traits of performance tested boars of Large White, Landrace. and Hampshire breeds of pig. The data used in this study were collected from 738 performance tested young boars at the PKB Pig Testing Station in Padinska Skela, from 1995 to 2001. Analysed traits were initial age (IA), final age (FA), test duration (TD), average daily gain on test (ADG), lifetime ADG (LADG), amount of total consumed feed (TF), feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily feed intake (DPI) and body composition traits taken by ultrasonic equipment PIGLOG 105 (backfat thickness - BF1 and BF2, muscle depth - MD and lean meat content - LM) Data was analysed by fixed models of least squares method. Analysis of variance showed that sires nested within Hampshire breed highly significant influenced all investigated traits. Growth, feed efficiency and body composition traits except muscle depth, were highly significant influenced by sires of Large White breed. All feed efficiency traits and muscle depth were not influenced by sires within Swedish Landrace breed.

scholarly journals Dietary conjugated linoleic acid influences the content of stearinic acid in porcine adipose tissu

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stanimirovic ◽  
B. Petrujkic ◽  
N. Delic ◽  
N. Djelic ◽  
J. Stevanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage

The present study was conducted in order to determine the effects of supplementation of a growing-finishing pig diet with 0.5% conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on production characteristics and slaughter traits. Ninety-seven female Swedish Landrace pigs were used. The control group of animals was fed a regular diet (n = 49), while the experimental group of animals (n = 48) received a diet where part of the soybean oil was substituted with commercially enriched CLA oil (containing at least 56% of CLA isomers, 28% cis-9, trans-11 and 28% trans-10, cis-12). The experiment lasted 44 days; porkers were fed from an initial weight of 66.0 up until a final weight of 103.5 kg. Feed conversion ratio, carcass and ham weight, percentage of lean meat and subcutaneous fat tissue as well as intramuscular fat were recorded. The fatty acid content of ham intramuscular fat tissue was determined by HPLC. No statistically significant influence of CLA was observed, either on carcass and ham weight, or on fat percentage in subcutaneous and intramuscular tissue. Dietary CLA enrichment proved to increase the content of stearinic acid in intramuscular fat tissue, 17.29 ± 13.26 % in experimental and 15.87 ± 33.71 % in control group of pigs (P < 0.01). The obtained production results show no statistically significant changes in main production traits between the two groups of animals. The observed difference in the content of stearinic acid (P < 0.01) implies firmer fat tissue, which has a practical value in pig bacon fattening.

scholarly journals Influence of H-FABP gene polymorphisms on slaughter value of hybrid pigs

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Andrea Nyisalovits ◽  
János Posta ◽  
Levente Czeglédi ◽  
Diána Juhász ◽  
László Babinszky
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Potential Candidate Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content ◽  
Fabp Gene

The H-FABP gene was defined as a potential candidate gene influencing the fat deposition traits, primarily the intramuscular fat content. The aim of this study is to define whether the previously reported gene mutations are connected with the slaughter traits measured in a standard slaughterhouse. The study included data from 405 gilts and barrows from 2 different samples. The two chosen mutation (HFABP1: c. 103 T>C, HFABP2: c. 1970 T>C) were detected in one reaction with PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism) method with HinfI restrictoin enzyme. The allel frequencies are as follows: 103T(H)=0.75; 103C(h)=0.25, 1970T=0.32; 1970C=0.68. A HFABP1 mutation has significant effect on backfat thickness and lean meat % at stable 1 (sample 1), but there were no effect at stable 2 (sample 2). The analysis of values of production traits, depending on HFABP2 genotype did not reveal significant differences. Based on this study we can’t get a clear conclusion on the impact of polymorphisms on production parameters. In the examined flock the allele frequency of mutation in 5 'UTR is identical to the literature data, i. e. the more favorable variant regarding the intramuscular fat content is predominant in the population.

Uncovering the mechanism whereby dietary nicotinic acid increases the intramuscular fat content in finishing steers by RNA sequencing analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuqing Yang ◽  
Xianghui Zhao ◽  
Xinwei Xiong ◽  
Linbin Bao ◽  
Ke Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Imf Content

In our previous study, we found that a higher dosage of nicotinic acid (NA) in the diet dramatically increases intramuscular fat (IMF) content and improves meat quality in finishing steers. We hypothesised that increased IMF results from the regulation of genes associated with adipogenesis. To address this hypothesis, RNA-seq was used to investigate gene-expression profiles of longissimus muscles from the same 16 cattle that were also used in our previous study and treated with or without dietary NA. Four cDNA libraries were constructed and sequenced. The repeatability and reproducibility of RNA-seq data were confirmed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase-chain reaction. In total, 123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between longissimus muscles treated and those not treated with dietary NA. Of the 123 DEGs, 117 genes were upregulated by the NA treatment. These DEGs were enriched in 21 pathways, including the extracellular matrix (ECM) –receptor interaction, PPAR signalling pathway, adipocytokine signalling pathway and transforming growth factor-β signalling pathway, all of which are associated with lipid metabolism. Furthermore, candidate genes related to adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis (PLIN1, PLIN2, ADPN, LEP, LCN2 and SOCS3), lipid metabolism (FABP4, RBP4, GAL, ANXA1, ANXA2 and PTX3) and fatty acid synthesis and esterification (ELOVL6, ACSM1, SOT1 and PTGIS) were upregulated in the NA group. Three genes involved in glucose metabolism (PGAM1, UGDH and GLUT3) were also transcriptionally upregulated. However, MYH4 that encodes glycolytic Type IIb muscle fibres was downregulated by dietary NA. These gene expression results indicated a confirmation of our hypothesis that dietary NA increases the IMF content of longissimus muscle through upregulating the expression of the genes related to adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis and lipid and glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Effect of BioPlus YC Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota, Production Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1581
Author(s):  
Artur Rybarczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Bogusławska-Wąs ◽  
Alicja Dłubała
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis on microbiological properties of feed mixtures and on the digestive tract content as applicable to production traits and carcass characteristics of fatteners. The experiment was performed on 83,838 fatteners from four successive (insertions) productions in two groups. From the seventy eighth day of age till marketing to the slaughter plant, the pigs were supplied with BioPlus YC probiotic (Chr. Hansen) in the amount of 400 g/t. The preparation contained a complex of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis DSM 5749, and Bacillus subtilis DSM 5750 spores in a 1:1 ratio. From the fourth insertion, after reaching a body weight of approximately 112 kg, 60 fatteners were selected from each group to measure carcass quality and half of them for meat quality evaluation. Moreover, microbiological analyses in feed and colon were performed. The study showed that BioPlus YC probiotics supplementation resulted in a significantly higher count of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis in the feed, a higher count of B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and LAB, as well as a lower count of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Clostridium and Bacillus sp. in the mucosa and in the colorectal content of the test pigs. Our work has shown that supplementation with the BioPlus YC probiotic had a positive effect on the production traits of pigs mainly by reducing mortality (2.83%, p = 0.010), lowering feed conversion ratio—FCR (2.59 kg/kg, p = 0.013), better average daily gain—ADG (0.95 kg/day, p = 0.002) and shorter fattening period (77.25 days, p = 0.019) when compared to the control group (4.19%; 2.79 kg/kg; 0.89 kg/day; 92.8 days, respectively). The addition of the specific Bacillus bacteria did not influence carcass and meat characteristics of the test fatteners.

scholarly journals Supplemental L-arginine improves feed conversion and modulates lipid metabolism in male and female broilers from 29 to 42 days of age

animal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 100120
Author(s):  
S.T.S. Filho ◽  
E.M. da C. Lima ◽  
D.H. de Oliveira ◽  
M.L.T. de Abreu ◽  
P.V. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Oogenesis and lipid metabolism in the deep-sea sponge Phakellia ventilabrum: an histological, lipidomic and transcriptomic approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Koutsouveli ◽  
David Balgoma ◽  
Antonia Checa ◽  
Mikael Hedeland ◽  
Ana Riesgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Animal Reproduction ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation

Abstract Background Sponges contain an astounding diversity of lipids which serve in several biological functions, including yolk formation in their oocytes and the embryos. On animal reproduction, lipids constitute one of the main energy storage forms for the adult and the offspring. The study of lipid metabolism during reproduction can provide information on food-web dynamics and energetic needs of the populations in their habitats, however, there are no studies focusing on the lipid metabolism of sponges during seasonal reproduction. The deep-sea sponge Phakellia ventilabrum (Demospongiae, Bubarida) is a key species of North-Atlantic sponge grounds, but its reproductive biology is not known. In this study, we used histological sections, lipidome profiling (UHPLC-MS), and transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) with goal to i. assess the reproductive strategy and seasonality of this species, ii. examine the relative changes in the lipidome signal, and the gene expression patterns (RNA-seq) of enzymes participating in lipid metabolism in female specimens during gametogenesis.Results P. ventilabrum is an oviparous and most certainly gonochoristic species, reproducing in May and September in the different studied areas. Half of specimens were reproducing, generating two to five oocytes per mm2. Oocytes accumulated both protein and lipid droplets. As oogenesis progressed, the signal of most of the unsaturated and monounsaturated triacylglycerides increased, as well as of few other phospholipids. Most of the other lipids and especially those with > 3 unsaturations showed a decrease in signal during the oocyte maturation. In parallel, we detected upregulated genes in female tissues related to triacylglyceride biosynthesis and others related to fatty acid beta-oxidation.Conclusions Triacylglycerides are probably the main type of lipid forming the yolk since this lipid category has the most marked changes, while some other phospholipids may also have a role in oogenesis. In parallel, other lipid categories were oxidized, leading to fatty acid beta-oxidation to cover the energy requirements of female individuals during oogenesis. Variations in the signal of most lipids between the different locations and months suggest that sponges, apart from their own mechanisms of lipid biosynthesis, exploit the food availability in their surroundings to cover the energetic demands in their physiological processes.

scholarly journals Protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace, Large White and Duroc swine

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Helena Tagliaro ◽  
Maria Helena Lartigau Pereira Franco ◽  
Werner Meincke ◽  
Gilberto Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Productive Traits

Fourteen protein systems coded by 15 structural loci were typed by horizontal electrophoresis to determine possible associations betweem the protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace (N=109), Largo White (N= 116) and Duroe (N=57) pigs, reared in Southern Brazil. Signiticant associations between protein phenotypes and production traits were detected. The most consistent interaction were observed between two protein systems (phosphogluconate dehydrogenase - Pgd and Hemopexin -Hpx) and at least one of the four performance variables considered. In Duroc breed, the Pgd phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.001), while in Landrace significant associations were observed only with feed convertion ratio (P < 0.05). The Hpx phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.05) and backfat thickness (P < 0.05) in Large White and with this last variable (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.05) in Duroc pigs. Since these results had not been reported previously, turther studies are need to confirm these associations.

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