Data on before and after the Traceability System of Veterinary Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Small Animals at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples

Over recent decades, antimicrobial resistance has been considered one of the most relevant issues of public health. The aim of our study was to evaluate the differences related to the prescription of antimicrobials at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, before and after the mandatory use of veterinary electronic prescription (VEP). In particular, the consumption of antimicrobials was examined, especially taking into consideration the recommendations of prudent use. A comparison of data collected before and after the use of electronic prescription highlighted that during the period chosen for the study, the choice of antimicrobial molecules was appropriate, favoring those of “first” and “second line.” However, prescription and the use of some molecules not registered for veterinary medicine were observed in the period before VEP. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials, including penicillins with β-lactamase inhibitors, as well as first-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, were the most frequently prescribed compounds. There are few studies conducted in Italy aimed at investigating the use of antimicrobials in companion animals under field conditions and with particular regard to prudent use recommendations. This type of study underlines the importance of electronic medical recording in veterinary practice and, above all, its usefulness in monitoring the use of certain antimicrobial agents classified as of critical importance in human medicine.

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Use of Antimicrobials in a French Veterinary Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10111369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1369

Author(s):

Caroline Prouillac

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

First Generation ◽

Animal Health ◽

Companion Animals ◽

National Scale ◽

Before And After ◽

Veterinary School

Antibiotic resistance has become a major concern for not only human health, but also for animal health. To preserve the efficacy of antibiotics, it has become essential to establish measures to regulate the prescription of antibiotics to ensure their prudent use. In France, these measures have been translated into regulations for animal health since 2015, with the publication of three important regulatory texts. The results obtained on a national scale in terms of reducing the use of antibiotics have been satisfactory. The aim of our study was to evaluate the differences related to the prescription of antimicrobials at the veterinary teaching hospital of the Veterinary School of Lyon (CHUV) before and after the implementation of French regulations. Prescriptions and consumption of antimicrobials were examined, along with bacteriological analyses, for the period of 2014–2020, for companion animals and horses. The most frequently prescribed compounds were broad-spectrum antimicrobials, including penicillins with β-lactamase inhibitors, as well as first-generation cephalosporins tetracyclines and sulfamides. The prescription and consumption of critically important antibiotics (CIA) strongly decreased during the study period, with an increase of bacteriological analyses. This study shows the interest of having computerized tools to monitor the use of antimicrobials to implement corrective measures if needed.

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Urinary Pathogens amongst Parturients at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2019/v17i130156 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Inye Faye Korubo ◽

Justina Omoikhefe Alegbeleye ◽

Chris Iheanachor Akani

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Before And After ◽

The University

Aim: To identify the microorganisms in urine before and after delivery. Also, to identify the incidence, risk factors and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in postpartum bacteriuria. Methods: A quasi-interventional study of 50 women who had term vaginal deliveries at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) Nigeria, between September 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. Clean catch midstream urine samples collected in sterile containers from parturients before and after delivery were processed. All significant isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Socio-demographic data and data regarding labour and risk factors were collected on a pre-designed proforma and entered on a spread sheet. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Majority 49 (98%) of the parturients were booked (women that received antenatal care). Eight (16%) of the parturients had bacteriuria pre and post-delivery. Four of the parturients who were negative for bacteriuria before delivery had postpartum bacteria, giving an incidence of 8% for postpartum bacteriuria. The commonest micro-organism isolated post-delivery was Escherichia coli (50%). The number of vaginal examinations, vacuum delivery, episiotomy, perineal tear and bladder catheterization did not significantly increase the risk of postpartum bacteriuria. Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the most common urinary pathogens and sensitive to Nalidixic acid. Routine screening of women for bacteriuria after delivery and an understanding of the antimicrobial sensitivity will help in reducing associated morbidities.

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Maternal Mortality at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, before and after Kenya

African Journal of Reproductive Health ◽

10.2307/3583434 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 90 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. M. Okaro ◽

A. C. Umezulike ◽

H. E. Onah ◽

L. I. Chukwuali ◽

O. F. Ezugwu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Mortality ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Before And After ◽

Nigeria Teaching Hospital ◽

The University

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Trends in Antimicrobial Utilization at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital During a 15-Year Period (1978–1992)

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/646765 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 376-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Roman Pallares ◽

Robert Dick ◽

Richard P. Wenzel ◽

J. Robert Adams ◽

Mary D. Nettleman

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

First Generation ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Resource Planning ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Antimicrobial Utilization ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

Gentamicin Resistance

AbstractBackground:Antimicrobials are a major part of hospital pharmacy budgets and must be considered in resource planning and spending projections. Logically, trends in antimicrobial usage should be linked to trends in resistant pathogens.Objective:To examine long-term trends in antimicrobial use over a 15-year period (1978 to 1992) and contrast them with changes in pathogens causing nosocomial bacteremia.Setting:A 900-bed, tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods:Pharmacy records were reviewed to identify parenteral antimicrobial agents administered to adult inpatients. Results were expressed in average daily adult doses per 1,000 patient days.Results:Chloramphenicol use decreased, while use of penicillin G, antistaphylococcal penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides remained relatively stable. In contrast, there was a sharp increase in the use of second- and third-generation cephalosporins (7-fold and 6.5-fold increase, respectively), vancomycin (161 -fold increase), metronidazole (32-fold increase) and amphotericin B (35-fold increase). The proportion of nosocomial bacteremias due to methicillin-resistant gram-positive bacteria rose, but gentamicin resistance in gram-negatives remained at low levels. During the past 14 years, the percentage of patients receiving at least one parenteral antimicrobial rose from 23% to 44%. Among patients receiving antimicrobials, the average number of different agents used per patient increased from 1.8 to 2.1Conclusions:If newer agents were available, use of older agents usually declined. If newer alternatives were not available, use of older agents rose sharply. The increased use of antimicrobials in adults was related to the expanded proportion of patients receiving these agents.

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Effective Environmental Education through Half-Day Teaching Programmes Outside School

ISRN Education ◽

10.1155/2013/503214 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jürgen Drissner ◽

Hans-Martin Haase ◽

Annette Rinderknecht ◽

Katrin Hille

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Control Group ◽

Biological Knowledge ◽

Small Animals ◽

School Students ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Educational Concept ◽

Before And After ◽

The University

The “Green Classroom” in the Botanical Garden of the University of Ulm is a learning forum outside school. Its educational concept is based on experiential learning and is geared towards expanding students’ biological knowledge and developing positive attitudes towards small animals such as invertebrates. In the first study, we assessed attitudes towards small animals of 43 students before and after they visited the “Green Classroom”, and we compared the answers they gave in their questionnaires with those of 46 students from a control group. Although the students spent only one morning in the “Green Classroom”, some of their attitudes improved after their visit. In the second study, 102 secondary-school students (56 who had previously visited the “Green Classroom”) were asked to write an essay about small animals. Students who had visited the “Green Classroom” before portrayed more positive emotions towards small animals and showed more biological understanding than their peers.

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Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Yersinia enterocolitica in Diarrhoeic Humans from University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja

Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.36108/jvbs/8102.10.0160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

S Mailafia

Keyword(s):

Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Effective Control ◽

Antimicrobial Studies ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Male Patients ◽

The University

This present study aims at investigating the prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in stool samples of diarrhoeic patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates. A total of 200 human stool samples were collected from diarrhoeic patients attending the University of Abuja teaching hospital Gwagwalada. 96 (48%) of the stool samples were from male patients while 104 (52%) were from female patients. The samples were analysed for the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica using the conventional Microbial bioassay. Our results showed an overall prevalence rate of 6%. The prevalence rate was higher in females (4%) than in males (2%). However, statistical analysis showed no association between the prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica and sex of host [P˂0.05; (χ2=3.41); (df= 1)]. All the isolates were tested for susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents. The results of the antimicrobial studies showed that 33.3% (4) of the isolates were susceptible to Oflaxacin, Gentamycin, Nalidixic acid and Nitrofurantoin. 66.7% (8) isolates were resistant to Ofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole, Nalidilic acid, Tetracyclin and Nitrofurantoin. All islolates (100%) showed resistance to Augemetin and Amoxicillin. Our study clearly showed that Yersinia enterocolitica is resistant to commonly used antimicrobial agents. However, it is important for tests to be conducted to determine susceptibility before drug usage. Also, serotyping to determine the specific antigenic strains is necessary for effective control of field strains and vaccines possibility is warranted..

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Antimicrobial agents dispensed to companion animals and terrestrial food producing animals in Norway from 2006 to 2014

10.26226/morressier.56d5ba2fd462b80296c95199 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Haugan Kvalvik

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Companion Animals

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Histopathological Study of Cervical Cancer Specimen at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar

Medico Research Chronicles ◽

10.26838/medrech.2017.4.6.361 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 582

Author(s):

Godstime I. Irabor ◽

Ayodele J. Omotoso ◽

Edoise M. Isiwele ◽

Martin Nnoli ◽

Kenneth A. Omoruyi

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Cancer Specimen ◽

The University

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The Effect of Using Flipped Classroom Model to Improve Iraqi EFL Learners’ Pronunciation in English at University Level

Journal of Education College Wasit University ◽

10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss40.1569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (40) ◽

pp. 631-654

Author(s):

Khaldoon Waleed Husam Al-Mofti

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Flipped Classroom ◽

Efl Learners ◽

English Pronunciation ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

University Level ◽

The University ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

For Iraqi EFL learners who are studying English pronunciation in a traditional instruction method often requires more effort and hard work. Thus, using new methods of teaching such as the flipped classroom model (FCM) is necessary to facilitate learning and improve performance. Hence, this study reports on explanatory research that investigates the effect of using the FCM in the teaching of English pronunciation for Iraqi EFL learners at the university level. The study implemented mixed research methods for data collection in a quasi-experimental analysis. Therefore, two tests were conducted on the assigned groups to measure the effect of the FCM before and after the intervention. Besides, a questionnaire and interviews were used on the experiment group students to collect data about their perceptions of the FCM. The study length (lasted) was 15 weeks and is comprised of 60 students from the department of English, College of Arts at the University of Anbar. The students were divided into two groups, experimental, and control with 30 students in each group. The findings revealed that there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups in favour of the experimental group with better performance, indicating that the FCM has considerably assisted the Iraqi EFL learners to improve their English pronunciation. Moreover, the students expressed their positive feedback and satisfaction on the use of the FCM in their responses to the questionnaire and the interviews. As such, the current study recommends further research to study the effect of applying the FCM in areas and disciplines other than language learning.

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