scholarly journals Optimization of Feed Components to Improve Hermetia illucens Growth and Development of Oil Extractor to Produce Biodiesel

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2573
Author(s):  
Kyu-Shik Lee ◽  
Eun-Young Yun ◽  
Tae-Won Goo
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Optimal Feed

HIL are useful in agriculture because they can be used as feed for livestock or fertilizer and can bioconvert organic wastes, such as food waste and human and animal manure to usable fertilizer. In addition, HIL are being studied as a source of biodiesel because of their high-fat content. However, their use for biodiesel production has not been fully adopted. Here, the results showed that survival, weight gains, and total dried weight were significantly enhanced when HIL were fed dried-food waste (DFW)/chicken manure (CM). Furthermore, increased weight gain was observed in HIL fed DFW containing 5 mL waste cooking oil (WCO) per 100 g and 1.2% (v/w) fermented effective microorganism (F-EM). Based on these results, we prepared experimental feeds containing DFW, CM, WCO, and F-EM to establish an optimal feed for biodiesel production. We found that FT-1-2, a feed prepared with 60 g DFW, 40 g CM, 2 mL WCO, and 0.8% F-EM (v/w), significantly enhanced fat content, weight gain, and total dried weight of HIL. Our results indicate FT-1-2 is a suitable feed to breed HIL for biodiesel production. We then developed an automatic oil extractor for biodiesel production. The yield of the oil extractor was higher than that of solvent extraction. The study shows FT-1-2 is an optimal HIL feed for biodiesel production and that the developed oil extractor is useful for the extraction of crude oil from HIL and for the harvesting of defatted HIL frass for livestock feed and fertilizer. Taken together, we established an optimized low-cost feed for HIL breeding and developed an automatic oil extractor for the production of biodiesel from HIL.

Biodiesel Production by Thermal Solar Heating in a Low Cost Plant Using Waste Cooking Oil

2017 ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraí T. F. Resende ◽  
◽  
Diego L. Coriolano ◽  
Vanina C. V. Andrade ◽  
Denilson P. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cooking Oil

Different water removal methods for facilitating biodiesel production from low-cost waste cooking oil containing high water content in hybridized reactive distillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 1906-1918
Author(s):  
Nattawat Petchsoongsakul ◽  
Kanokwan Ngaosuwan ◽  
Worapon Kiatkittipong ◽  
Doonyapong Wongsawaeng ◽  
Suttichai Assabumrungrat
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Reactive Distillation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Water ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Cooking Oil

Reproductive Potential and Nutritional Composition of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Prepupae Reared on Different Organic Wastes

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Yin Wang ◽  
Lingli Wu ◽  
Baoling Li ◽  
Dayu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Hermetia Illucens

Abstract Hermetia illucens L. (the black soldier fly) has received increased attention because of its great potential in converting organic waste into a renewable resource. The prepupae have high proportions of proteins and fats and can serve as feedstuff for livestock and as feedstock for biodiesel production. With the goal to upgrade the conversion of low-value organic wastes into high-value proteins and fat on a large scale, the effects of the feedstuffs food waste, pig manure, chicken manure, and cow dung on the reproductive potential and nutrient composition of H. illucens were evaluated. The intrinsic rate of increase of H. illucens fed food waste (0.1249 d−1) was significantly greater than the rate of those fed pig manure (0.1167 d−1), chicken manure (0.1154 d−1), and cow dung (0.1049 d−1). The ash content of H. illucens fed food waste (30.8 g·kg−1 lyophilized prepupa matter (LPM)) was significantly lower than that of those fed chicken manure (37.6 g·kg−1 LPM) and cow dung (49.5 g·kg−1 LPM). The contents of crude fat, 372.4 g·kg−1 LPM, and protein, 436.9 g·kg−1 LPM, in prepupae fed food waste were the highest among the four treatments. The reproductive performance and prepupal nutrient composition indicated that food waste was the most suitable feed for H. illucens. The results from this study further demonstrate that the prepupae of H. illucens have great potential for use as a protein and fat source in animal feeds and as biodiesel material.

Biodiesel production from low cost and renewable feedstock

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veera Gude ◽  
Georgene Grant ◽  
Prafulla Patil ◽  
Shuguang Deng
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Renewable Feedstock ◽  
Mixing Techniques

AbstractSustainable biodiesel production should: a) utilize low cost renewable feedstock; b) utilize energy-efficient, nonconventional heating and mixing techniques; c) increase net energy benefit of the process; and d) utilize renewable feedstock/energy sources where possible. In this paper, we discuss the merits of biodiesel production following these criteria supported by the experimental results obtained from the process optimization studies. Waste cooking oil, non-edible (low-cost) oils (Jatropha curcas and Camelina Sativa) and algae were used as feedstock for biodiesel process optimization. A comparison between conventional and non-conventional methods such as microwaves and ultrasound was reported. Finally, net energy scenarios for different biodiesel feedstock options and algae are presented.

scholarly journals Methane Fermentation Residue Compost Derived from Food Waste to Aid Komatsuna (Brassica rapa) Growth

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Nur Santi ◽  
Ratih Kemala Dewi ◽  
Yutaka Suganuma ◽  
Tsutomu Iikubo ◽  
Hiroichi Seki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Fermentation Residue

One suitable solution to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) is to utilize methane fermentation residue obtained from food waste. However, methane fermentation residue compost is often difficult to use due to its inhibitory properties and pungent smell. To evaluate chemical parameters and plant growth, we examined the use of methane-fermented food waste residue compost (FWM), three types of animal manure, namely, horse manure (HM), cow manure (CWM), and chicken manure (CKM). Our results revealed that mixing food waste compost with cow and horse manure reduced the inhibition of Komatsuna germination, however, chicken manure blending limited inhibition reduction. The improvement of GI in the combination of FWM and animal manure was obtained at a ratio 1:4 with an improvement in GI of 20.8%, 16.8%, and 3.8% for combination FWM + HM, FWM + CWM, and FWM + CKM, respectively. The ratio of the combination of FWM + HM could be increased to a ratio of 2:3 with an improvement of 14.7%. Additionally, for Komatsuna growth, FWM with cow and horse manure mixer considerably enhanced plant growth and yield. Furthermore, the combination of FWM + HM and FWM + CWM could improve the ratio of NUE compost/NUE FWM with the values being 12.0 and 11.1, respectively. Therefore, combining FWM with CWM and HM increases the utility value of methane fermentation residues obtained from food waste as compost for maintaining soil fertility, while reducing the use of chemical fertilizer.

scholarly journals Improved biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with mixed methanol–ethanol using enhanced eggshell-derived CaO nano-catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshimebet Simeon Erchamo ◽  
Tadios Tesfaye Mamo ◽  
Getachew Adam Workneh ◽  
Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Nano Catalyst

AbstractIn this report, the utilization of mixed methanol–ethanol system for the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) using enhanced eggshell-derived calcium oxide (CaO) nano-catalyst was investigated. CaO nano-catalyst was produced by calcination of eggshell powder at 900 °C and followed by hydration-dehydration treatment to improve its catalytic activity. The particle size, morphology, and elemental composition of a catalyst were characterized by using XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques, respectively. After hydration-dehydration the shape of a catalyst was changed from a rod-like to honeycomb-like porous microstructure. Likewise, average particle size was reduced from 21.30 to 13.53 nm, as a result, its surface area increases. The main factors affecting the biodiesel yield were investigated, accordingly, an optimal biodiesel yield of 94% was obtained at 1:12 oil to methanol molar ratio, 2.5 wt% catalyst loading, 60 °C, and 120-min reaction time. A biodiesel yield of 88% was obtained using 6:6 equimolar ratio of methanol to ethanol, the yield even increased to 91% by increasing the catalyst loading to 3.5 wt%. Moreover, by slightly increasing the share of methanol in the mixture, at 8:4 ratio, the maximum biodiesel yield could reach 92%. Therefore, we suggest the utilization of methanol–ethanol mixture as a reactant and eggshell-derived CaO as a catalyst for enhanced conversion of WCO into biodiesel. It is a very promising approach for the development of low-cost and environmentally friendly technology. Properties of the biodiesel were also found in good agreement with the American (ASTM D6571) fuel standards.

scholarly journals Characterization of Biodiesel from Alkaline Refinement of Waste Cooking Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Aliru Olajide Mustapha ◽  
Amina Abiola Adebisi ◽  
Bukola Opeyemi Olanipekun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
American Standard

The waste cooking oil (WCO) is a low cost and prospective feedstock with no competitive food uses for biodiesel production, but the yield and quality have been greatly affected by impurities.  This study examined the chemical and fuel quality of biodiesel of both WCO and alkaline treated WCO.  The transesterification process using the alkaline treated cooking oil (ACO) methanol and sodium hydroxide as catalyst followed the Association of Officials of Analytical Chemists (AOAC) techniques. The pH values between 7.27 and 8.65 were found for alkaline treated cooking methyl ester (ACME), alkaline treated cooking oil (ACO) and WCO. Density of ACME, ACO and WCO varied between 0.89 and 0.93 (g/cm3). The fatty acids found were benzoic acid (3.77%), octanoic acid (8.35%), and palmitic acid (75.02%) – most abundant. Comparison of results with the American Standard for Testing Materials (ASTM) values showed quality enhancements of ACO in physicochemical and fuel properties over WCO. The biodiesels from ACO have enhanced emulsification, fuel and free fatty acids qualities over the WCO, showing the refinement methodology of WCO has overall improvement in the biodiesel purity and quality against the previous conflicting reports.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Biodiesel Production from Wastes of Seafood Restaurants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Sh. El-Gendy ◽  
A. Hamdy ◽  
Salem S. Abu Amr
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Biodiesel Standards ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Better Than

This work illustrates a comparative study on the applicability of the basic heterogeneous calcium oxide catalyst prepared from waste mollusks and crabs shells (MS and CS, resp.) in the transesterification of waste cooking oil collected from seafood restaurants with methanol for production of biodiesel. Response surface methodology RSM based on D-optimal deign of experiments was employed to study the significance and interactive effect of methanol to oil M : O molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and mixing rate on biodiesel yield. Second-order quadratic model equations were obtained describing the interrelationships between dependent and independent variables to maximize the response variable (biodiesel yield) and the validity of the predicted models were confirmed. The activity of the produced green catalysts was better than that of chemical CaO and immobilized enzyme Novozym 435. Fuel properties of the produced biodiesel were measured and compared with those of Egyptian petro-diesel and international biodiesel standards. The biodiesel produced using MS-CaO recorded higher quality than that produced using CS-CaO. The overall biodiesel characteristics were acceptable, encouraging application of CaO prepared from waste MS and CS for production of biodiesel as an efficient, environmentally friendly, sustainable, and low cost heterogeneous catalyst.

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