scholarly journals Pumpkin Waste as Livestock Feed: Impact on Nutrition and Animal Health and on Quality of Meat, Milk, and Egg

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdez-Arjona ◽  
Ramírez-Mella
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Feeding Costs

Meat, milk, and egg contribute positively to the nutrition and health of humans; however, livestock requires a large number of resources, including land for fodder and grains. Worldwide millions of tons of vegetable waste are produced without any further processing, causing pollution and health risks. Properly managed vegetable waste could provide a source of feed for livestock, thus reducing feeding costs. In this regard, pumpkin waste (Cucurbita sp.) is an alternative. Research on pumpkin waste on animal nutrition is scarce, however, it has potential as animal feed not only for its nutritional value but also for its antioxidants, pigments, and polysaccharides content that could enhance quality of meat, milk, and egg, as well animal health. In this review, we describe the environmental impact of livestock as a result of greater demand for food of animal origin, including the importance of the consumption of animal foods in human nutrition and health. Moreover, we emphasize the potential of plant residues and, particularly, on the characteristics of pumpkins and how their use as feedstuff for livestock could improve productivity and modify the composition of meat, milk, and egg.

scholarly journals Possibilities for the Biological Control of Mycotoxins in Food and Feed

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Ksenija Nešić ◽  
Kristina Habschied ◽  
Krešimir Mastanjević
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
The Road ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Meat And Eggs

Seeking useful biological agents for mycotoxin detoxification has achieved success in the last twenty years thanks to the participation of many multidisciplinary teams. We have recently witnessed discoveries in the fields of bacterial genetics (inclusive of next-generation sequencing), protein encoding, and bioinformatics that have helped to shape the latest perception of how microorganisms/mycotoxins/environmental factors intertwine and interact, so the road is opened for new breakthroughs. Analysis of literature data related to the biological control of mycotoxins indicates the ability of yeast, bacteria, fungi and enzymes to degrade or adsorb mycotoxins, which increases the safety and quality of susceptible crops, animal feed and, ultimately, food of animal origin (milk, meat and eggs) by preventing the presence of residues. Microbial detoxification (transformation and adsorption) is becoming a trustworthy strategy that leaves no or less toxic compounds and contributes to food security. This review summarizes the data and highlights the importance and prospects of these methods.

scholarly journals The application of biotechnology in animal nutrition

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic-Trailovic ◽  
Branko Petrujkic ◽  
Stamen Radulovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Good Production ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Atmosphere Pollution ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
The Impact

Animal food has to incorporate multiple objectives, ie. it should provide good animal health, good production and reproductive performance, reduce pollution of the environment as well as have the impact on food of animal origin, by supplying it, in addition to basic nutrients, with certain useful substances that can act preventively on the occurrence of various diseases in humans in modern living conditions. This complex task implies the application of scientific knowledge concerning biotechnology in the field of animal feed production, and also includes the use of specific nutrients that are the result of the latest developments in specific disciplines such as molecular biology and genetic engineering. As a result of researches in these areas there were created some varieties of cereals and legumes with improved nutritional properties. On the other hand, obtaining a safe food of animal origin product imposes the use of substances of natural origin (such as probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, enzymes, chelating forms ..), which provide better digestibility and more complete utilization of certain nutrients from the feedstuff. In this way, the quantity of undigested substances are significantly reduced as well as soil and the atmosphere pollution. The use of specific additives in animal nutrition resulting from biotechnological research is most frequent when a problem concerning certain level of production or animal health has to be overcome. This implies a group of non-nutritional ingredients which are aimed to regulate the digestive tract microflora, pH, weight gain, as well as to modify metabolic processes etc.

Developments in techniques to test the efficacy of animal feed products

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-150
Author(s):  
Gerhard Flachowsky ◽  
◽  
Ulrich Meyer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Key Steps

Various animal feed products may influence animal health, conversion of animal feed into food of animal origin and the emissions caused by animals. All these matters are regulated in the directives of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This chapter first discusses EFSA guidance on how to compile dossiers for feed additives. The chapter then discusses key issues and steps in demonstrating the efficacy of new animal feed products: reduction of nitrogen (N) excretion, reduction of feed contamination of by mycotoxins and, finally, reduction of methane emissions with feed additives. Key steps, such as the use of in vitro and in vivo studies, to test the effects of feed additives are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Herbs in a sustainable animal nutrition

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Runjaic-Antic ◽  
S. Pavkov ◽  
J. Levic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs

Animal has a direct impact on the quality of meat, milk and eggs in a positive and negative sense. Over the composition of a meal for animals can manipulate the quality of products of animal origin and can be achieved by a variety of nutritional, sensory, chemical, physical and physiological characteristics. The use of medicine in intensive and extensive farming is a big and risky to the quality of food and thus health. In organic farming of animals is not allowed to use medicines. Because are increasingly looking for natural healing resources. Herbs provides, in the manufacture of animal feed, a real opportunity to increase value through the use of different functional additions. Addition food for animals, really can improve its functionality in terms of a physiological effect. In developed countries in Europe is very strong trend of replacing synthetic antibiotic drugs based on medicinal herbal preparations. As herbal feed additives may be used drug (finely divided dry medicinal herbal raw materials), herbal extracts or herbal isolate (e.g. essential oil). The paper gives a short overview of the most important potential of herbal medicinal materials with antibacterial activity, antiinflammatory, digestion-stimulating, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, choleretic etc. activities that have an approved application in human medicine and which can be added to animal feed for use in different animal health disorders. The use of herbs is more current and all higher, in human and veterinary food industry.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Factors Influencing Veterinary Food Inspectors in Poland

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wojtacka ◽  
Beata Wysok ◽  
Joanna Szteyn
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Graduate Courses ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction ◽  
Different Sources

The evaluation of the quality of Veterinary Inspection in Poland has received much attention in the past few years. Veterinarians working as Food Inspectors face numerous and newly arising problems in the protection of animal health status, providing surveillance information on the occurrence of diseases, and carrying out risk analyses of the hazards related to food of animal origin. From the 130 active veterinarians attending the post graduate courses in “Hygiene of slaughter animals, meat and animal origin products” in Poland, 119 took part in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions that delivered information on demographic features of the respondents, and various aspects of the course of their work: (a) Motivation to undertake work in food safety sector, (b) overall job satisfaction, (c) crucial negative factors and (d) occupational hazards. Participants were mainly under 40 years of age. They were Veterinary Food Inspectors working as Official and Approved Veterinarians. Permanent position and economic reasons were their main motivation in the food safety sector. They indicated problems related to insufficient training in ante and post mortem examination, work with legal acts and risk analysis. They also declared a lack of preparation in coping with crisis situations. One third of the respondents declared their health and lives were endangered, while fulfilling professional duties and pointed at different sources of hazards. The overall evaluation of the work in food safety sector was rated good and satisfactory.

scholarly journals Monitoring Salmonella sp dan Escherichia coli dalam Bahan Pakan Ternak (Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli Monitoring in the Animal Feed Ingredients)

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Widodo Suwito
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Livestock Feed

<p>Quality of livestock feed affects production and animal health. Fish and bone meal is animal feed ingredients that need to be monitored because highly contaminated with of Salmonella sp and E. coli. Salmonella sp and E. coli are<br />pathogen causing diarrhea in cattle and humans. The aim of this study was to investigate both E. coli and Salmonella contamination animal feed ingredients. A total of 38 animal feed ingredients samples from a poultry farm in Sukabumi<br />consisting of 15 samples fish meal, bone meal 13 samples and corn 10 samples. These samples were analyzed for Salmonella sp and E. coli by isolation and identification using biochemical analysis. Salmonella Weltevreden was<br />isolated from fish meal at rates of 6% from the 15 samples. E. coli was isolated at rates of 6% from the 15 fish meal samples and 7% from 13 bone meal samples, while corn samples were free from Salmonella sp and E. coli. This study<br />showed that bone meal and fish meal was contaminated slightly by Salmonella Weltevreden and E. coli.</p><p>(Key words: Feed, Livestock, Salmonella sp, E. coli)<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Additives in swine nutrition

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Zlatan Sinovec ◽  
Zivan Jokic ◽  
Dragan Sefer
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

To attain better feed utilization, longer preservation, easier manipultion and higher production and better quality of food of animal orgin as the final goal, besides raw materials, feed mixes contain numerous pronutrients (additives), added to perform different effects, in a narrower sense, the term pronutrient implies heterogenous substances, which have no diverse effects and have to be efficient in the manner of use. Basically, all pronutrients have to reach the goal of keeping optimal animal health status and to increase production of food of animal origin without adverse and negative effects. The development of biotechnology had a great part in the appearance of natural alternatives which are able to fulfil and satisfy the high demands of highly productive animals, as well as those of the consumer lobby and environmental protection movements. Growth promoters based upon physiological mechanisms and production potential of the animal have an unquestionable adventage, not only because of the lack of residues in food of animal origin; but also because of their ecological safety and decrease of envirnomental pollution by undigested materials. Demand continues to grow for "all natural", non-pharmaceutical feed additives with growth enhancing effects in food animals. Special attention is paid to minerals (anorganic and organic sources), growth stimulators (antibiotics, probiotics prebiotics), substances for better feed utilization (enzymes, acidifers) adsorbents.

scholarly journals Effect of using antioxidants as feed additives in the diet of dairy cows on the vitamin E and lycopene content of milk

2010 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Berta Vanda Sütő ◽  
Béla Béri
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Lycopene Content ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Competitive Products

In 2007, the aim of an Ányos Jedlik program and call for tenders was to support application-oriented, strategic research and development projects, which can increase the competitiveness of the Hungarian economy. In the framework of our project, we intended to examine whether non-protected antioxidants – in this case: vitamin E and lycopene – used as feed-additives can increase the antioxidant content of milk. The milk with anincreased level of vitamin E and lycopene content can be used for producing functional foods which will represent competitive products on the current market of milk products. Our results show that the use of vitamin E as feed-additive can significantly increase the amount of vitamin E in the milk. The use of lycopene as feedadditive also gave good results. At the beginning of the experiment, the lycopene content of the milk was below the detection limit, while in the post-feeding milk samples the lycopene became detectable. Based on our results, we are of the opinion that further experiments and analyses are needed regarding the quality of food of animal origin and animal health.

scholarly journals Presence of radionuclides and toxic elements in feedstuffs and food of animal origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Mitrovic ◽  
Borjana Vranjes ◽  
Olga Kostic ◽  
Veljko Perovic ◽  
Miroslava Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the content of radionuclides and toxic elements in samples feedstuffs and food of animal origin collected between 2007- 2017 from two suburban areas of Belgrade, the municipalities of Palilula and Surcin, both areas with intensive agricultural production. Materials and Methods. Radionuclides (40K and 137Cs) and toxic elements (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were determined in samples of corn, hay, meat, milk and eggs, by gamma ray spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-OES, Spectro Genesis). Results and Conclusions. The obtained results showed that natural 40K was present in all investigated samples. The average activity concentration of 40K was 94 Bq/kg in corn, 117 Bq/kg, 108 Bq/kg and 95 Bq/kg in beef, pork and chicken meat, respectively, as well as 61 Bq/kg in cow?s milk and 48 Bq/kg in eggs. Anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs was not detected. The trend for toxic element levels according to the average concentrations found in the studied feed samples (corn and hay) was as follows: Zn>Cu>Pb>As>Ni>Cd. Arsenic was detected in animal feed in both Belgrade municipalities, with the average concentration being 1.08 mg/kg (0.5-1.37 mg/kg), and in corn, the As content was higher than in hay samples. In food of animal origin, only Zn and Cu were detected. It is concluded that the presence of radionuclides and toxic elements in feedstuffs and foods of animal origin does not pose a health risk for either humans or animals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Meat Used for Human Consumption in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Jemeļjanovs ◽  
Inese Zītare ◽  
Ināra Helēna Konošonoka ◽  
Vera Krastiņa ◽  
Lîga Proškina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Cattle Herds

Over the last decade in Latvia, the production levels of beef, pork and poultry meat have been dramatically reduced. The yearly meat consumption per capita in Latvia is about 60 kg. Traditionally, pig meat consumption is higher than consumption of bovine meat, which has higher production costs. Lower priced meat from European countries is imported and placed on the market in Latvia. The Research Institute of Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine “Sigra”, Latvia, LUA, performs important research on meat quality and acquisition of safe and healthy food of animal origin. Cattle herds of meat breed are highly varied both from the aspect of animals and the quality of the sold meat produce. In meat of bovine animals, the settling of cholesterol on the blood vessel walls is precluded by 5.4-8.13% ω-3 and 12.97-16.27% ω-6 on average. The meat of the beef breed cattle contains wholesome proportions of proteins, fatty acids in quantities sufficient for humans, a relatively low cholesterol level (about 77 mg%) and good qualities of the culinary flavours and aromas. There are on-going research studies on the quality of meat of different pig breeds and their influencing factors, as well as on acquisition of meet in accordance with the consumer requirements. Extensive research is carried out also on the quality of broiler meat, with the target of acquisition of new quality meat. Assessment of the role of game meat in human consumption and the hygiene aspects of its acquisition are also included. Due to the development of heliculture in Latvia, the assessment of snail meat and its role in human consumption has also been launched.

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