scholarly journals Strategies for Antimicrobial Peptides Immobilization on Surfaces to Prevent Biofilm Growth on Biomedical Devices

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Mathieu Nicolas ◽  
Bruno Beito ◽  
Marta Oliveira ◽  
Maria Tudela Martins ◽  
Bruno Gallas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Immobilization Techniques

Nosocomial and medical device-induced biofilm infections affect millions of lives and urgently require innovative preventive approaches. These pathologies have led to the development of numerous antimicrobial strategies, an emergent topic involving both natural and synthetic routes, among which some are currently under testing for clinical approval and use. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ideal candidates for this fight. Therefore, the strategies involving surface functionalization with AMPs to prevent bacterial attachment/biofilms formation have experienced a tremendous development over the last decade. In this review, we describe the different mechanisms of action by which AMPs prevent bacterial adhesion and/or biofilm formation to better address their potential as anti-infective agents. We additionally analyze AMP immobilization techniques on a variety of materials, with a focus on biomedical applications. Furthermore, we summarize the advances made to date regarding the immobilization strategies of AMPs on various surfaces and their ability to prevent the adhesion of various microorganisms. Progress toward the clinical approval of AMPs in antibiotherapy is also reviewed.

scholarly journals A Real-Time Thermal Sensor System for Quantifying the Inhibitory Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides on Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2771
Author(s):  
Tobias Wieland ◽  
Julia Assmann ◽  
Astrid Bethe ◽  
Christian Fidelak ◽  
Helena Gmoser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thermal Sensor ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Static Conditions

The increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic bacteria is a global threat to human and veterinary medicine. Beyond antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) might be an alternative to inhibit the growth of bacteria, including AMR pathogens, on different surfaces. Biofilm formation, which starts out as bacterial adhesion, poses additional challenges for antibiotics targeting bacterial cells. The objective of this study was to establish a real-time method for the monitoring of the inhibition of (a) bacterial adhesion to a defined substrate and (b) biofilm formation by AMPs using an innovative thermal sensor. We provide evidence that the thermal sensor enables continuous monitoring of the effect of two potent AMPs, protamine and OH-CATH-30, on surface colonization of bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia (E.) coli and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. The bacteria were grown under static conditions on the surface of the sensor membrane, on which temperature oscillations generated by a heater structure were detected by an amorphous germanium thermistor. Bacterial adhesion, which was confirmed by white light interferometry, caused a detectable amplitude change and phase shift. To our knowledge, the thermal measurement system has never been used to assess the effect of AMPs on bacterial adhesion in real time before. The system could be used to screen and evaluate bacterial adhesion inhibition of both known and novel AMPs.

scholarly journals Understanding How Staphylococcal Autolysin Domains Interact With Polystyrene Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radha P. Somarathne ◽  
Emily R. Chappell ◽  
Y. Randika Perera ◽  
Rahul Yadav ◽  
Joo Youn Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Limited Proteolysis ◽  
Cd Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Structural Details

Biofilms, when formed on medical devices, can cause malfunctions and reduce the efficiency of these devices, thus complicating treatments and serving as a source of infection. The autolysin protein of Staphylococcus epidermidis contributes to its biofilm forming ability, especially on polystyrene surfaces. R2ab and amidase are autolysin protein domains thought to have high affinity to polystyrene surfaces, and they are involved in initial bacterial attachment in S. epidermidis biofilm formation. However, the structural details of R2ab and amidase binding to surfaces are poorly understood. In this study, we have investigated how R2ab and amidase influence biofilm formation on polystyrene surfaces. We have also studied how these proteins interact with polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) using biophysical techniques. Pretreating polystyrene plates with R2ab and amidase domains inhibits biofilm growth relative to a control protein, indicating that these domains bind tightly to polystyrene surfaces and can block bacterial attachment. Correspondingly, we find that both domains interact strongly with anionic, carboxylate-functionalized as well as neutral, non-functionalized PSNPs, suggesting a similar binding interaction for nanoparticles and macroscopic surfaces. Both anionic and neutral PSNPs induce changes to the secondary structure of both R2ab and amidase as monitored by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. These changes are very similar, though not identical, for both types of PSNPs, suggesting that carboxylate functionalization is only a small perturbation for R2ab and amidase binding. This structural change is also seen in limited proteolysis experiments, which exhibit substantial differences for both proteins when in the presence of carboxylate PSNPs. Overall, our results demonstrate that the R2ab and amidase domains strongly favor adsorption to polystyrene surfaces, and that surface adsorption destabilizes the secondary structure of these domains. Bacterial attachment to polystyrene surfaces during the initial phases of biofilm formation, therefore, may be mediated by aromatic residues, since these residues are known to drive adsorption to PSNPs. Together, these experiments can be used to develop new strategies for biofilm eradication, ensuring the proper long-lived functioning of medical devices.

scholarly journals Bacterial Biofilm Growth on 3D-Printed Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C. Hall ◽  
Phillip Palmer ◽  
Hai-Feng Ji ◽  
Garth D. Ehrlich ◽  
Jarosław E. Król
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printed Materials

Recent advances in 3D printing have led to a rise in the use of 3D printed materials in prosthetics and external medical devices. These devices, while inexpensive, have not been adequately studied for their ability to resist biofouling and biofilm buildup. Bacterial biofilms are a major cause of biofouling in the medical field and, therefore, hospital-acquired, and medical device infections. These surface-attached bacteria are highly recalcitrant to conventional antimicrobial agents and result in chronic infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and medical officials have considered 3D printed medical devices as alternatives to conventional devices, due to manufacturing shortages. This abundant use of 3D printed devices in the medical fields warrants studies to assess the ability of different microorganisms to attach and colonize to such surfaces. In this study, we describe methods to determine bacterial biofouling and biofilm formation on 3D printed materials. We explored the biofilm-forming ability of multiple opportunistic pathogens commonly found on the human body including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus to colonize eight commonly used polylactic acid (PLA) polymers. Biofilm quantification, surface topography, digital optical microscopy, and 3D projections were employed to better understand the bacterial attachment to 3D printed surfaces. We found that biofilm formation depends on surface structure, hydrophobicity, and that there was a wide range of antimicrobial properties among the tested polymers. We compared our tested materials with commercially available antimicrobial PLA polymers.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Peptides-Coated Stainless Steel for Fighting Biofilms Formation for Food and Medical Fields: Review of Literature

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1216
Author(s):  
Mayssane Hage ◽  
Hikmat Akoum ◽  
Nour-Eddine Chihib ◽  
Charafeddine Jama
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Antimicrobial Coatings ◽  
Biofilm Development

Emerging technology regarding antimicrobial coatings contributes to fighting the challenge of pathogenic bacterial biofilms in medical and agri-food environments. Stainless steel is a material widely used in those fields since it has satisfying mechanical properties, but it, unfortunately, lacks the required bio-functionality, rendering it vulnerable to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Therefore, this review aims to present the coatings developed by employing biocides grafted on stainless steel. It also highlights antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)used to coat stainless steel, particularly nisin, which is commonly accepted as a safe alternative to prevent pathogenic biofilm development.

scholarly journals Determination of the Shear Force at the Balance between Bacterial Attachment and Detachment in Weak-Adherence Systems, Using a Flow Displacement Chamber

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 916-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Reza Nejadnik ◽  
Henny C. van der Mei ◽  
Henk J. Busscher ◽  
Willem Norde
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Polymer Brush ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Flow Displacement

ABSTRACT We introduce a procedure for determining shear forces at the balance between attachment and detachment of bacteria under flow. This procedure can be applied to derive adhesion forces in weak-adherence systems, such as polymer brush coatings, which are currently at the center of attention for their control of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Surface waves control bacterial attachment and formation of biofilms in thin layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. eaaz9386
Author(s):  
Sung-Ha Hong ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Gorce ◽  
Horst Punzmann ◽  
Nicolas Francois ◽  
Michael Shats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wave Patterns ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Transport Channels

Formation of bacterial biofilms on solid surfaces within a fluid starts when bacteria attach to the substrate. Understanding environmental factors affecting the attachment and the early stages of the biofilm development will help develop methods of controlling the biofilm growth. Here, we show that biofilm formation is strongly affected by the flows in thin layers of bacterial suspensions controlled by surface waves. Deterministic wave patterns promote the growth of patterned biofilms, while wave-driven turbulent motion discourages patterned attachment of bacteria. Strong biofilms form under the wave antinodes, while inactive bacteria and passive particles settle under nodal points. By controlling the wavelength, its amplitude, and horizontal mobility of the wave patterns, one can shape the biofilm and either enhance the growth or discourage the formation of the biofilm. The results suggest that the deterministic wave-driven transport channels, rather than hydrodynamic forces acting on microorganisms, determine the preferred location for the bacterial attachment.

scholarly journals E. coli adhesion and biofilm formation on polydimethylsiloxane are independent of substrate stiffness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Arias ◽  
Joshua Devorkin ◽  
Ana Civantos ◽  
Jean Paul Allain
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
Compliant Substrates ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Material Stiffness ◽  
Submicron Scale

AbstractBacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface of biomedical devices is a detrimental process that compromises patient safety and material functionality. Several physicochemical factors are involved in biofilm growth, including the surface properties. Among those, material stiffness has recently been suggested to influence microbial adhesion and biofilm growth in a variety of polymers and hydrogels. However, no clear consensus exists about the role of material stiffness on biofilm initiation and whether very compliant substrates are deleterious to bacterial cell adhesion. Here, by systematically tuning substrate topography and stiffness while keeping the surface free energy of polydimethylsiloxane substrates constant, we show that topographical patterns at the micron and submicron scale impart unique properties to the surface that are independent of the material stiffness. The current work provides a better understanding of the role of material stiffness on bacterial physiology and may constitute a cost-effective and simple strategy to reduce bacterial attachment and biofilm growth even in very compliant and hydrophobic polymers.

Reduced bacterial adhesion on titanium surfaces micro-structured by ultra-short pulsed laser ablation

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Doll ◽  
Elena Fadeeva ◽  
Nico S. Stumpp ◽  
Sebastian Grade ◽  
Boris N. Chichkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Pulsed Laser Ablation ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
The Common ◽  
Micro Structures

AbstractImplant-associated infections still pose serious problems in modern medicine. The development of fabrication processes to generate functional surfaces, which inhibit bacterial attachment, is of major importance. Sharklet™-like as well as grooves and grid micro-structures having similar dimensions were fabricated on the common implant material titanium by ultra-short pulsed laser ablation. Investigations on the biofilm formation of

scholarly journals The Search for Natural Inhibitors of Biofilm Formation and the Activity of the Autoinductor C6-AHL in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13884

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cadavid ◽  
Fernando Echeverri
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Urethral Catheter ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Inhibitors ◽  
Microscopy Examination

Human nosocomial infections are common around the world. One of the main causes is the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, which shows high rates of resistance to antibiotics. Thus, drugs with novel mechanisms of action are needed. In this work, we report the effects of various natural substances on the formation of biofilm in Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as its stability. The effect of the molecules on the growth of K. pneumoniae was initially determined by measuring the optical density. The modification of the biofilm, the changes relating to its resistance, the effects on the bacterial adhesion to the urethral catheter and its antagonist role the hexanoyl-homoserinelactone were assessed by crystal violet, as well as by microscopy. The best effects were obtained with 3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone and 2´-hydroxycinnamic acid, which inhibited the formation of biofilm by 67.38% and 65.06%, respectively. Additionally, the remaining biofilm formed was more susceptible to gentamicin. Through microscopy examination, there were evident changes in the biofilm and adherence on the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) urethral catheter. Besides, 3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone inhibited the biofilm-forming effect of the autoinducer hexanoyl-homoserinelactone. Thus, these molecules could be developed as supplemental of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Efficacy of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles against Biofilms on Different Biomaterial Surfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Thukkaram ◽  
Soundarya Sitaram ◽  
Sathish kumar Kannaiyan ◽  
Guruprakash Subbiahdoss
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Polymer Brush ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Biomaterial Surfaces ◽  
Coated Surfaces

Biofilm growth on the implant surface is the number one cause of the failure of the implants. Biofilms on implant surfaces are hard to eliminate by antibiotics due to the protection offered by the exopolymeric substances that embed the organisms in a matrix, impenetrable for most antibiotics and immune cells. Application of metals in nanoscale is considered to resolve biofilm formation. Here we studied the effect of iron-oxide nanoparticles over biofilm formation on different biomaterial surfaces and pluronic coated surfaces. Bacterial adhesion for 30 min showed significant reduction in bacterial adhesion on pluronic coated surfaces compared to other surfaces. Subsequently, bacteria were allowed to grow for 24 h in the presence of different concentrations of iron-oxide nanoparticles. A significant reduction in biofilm growth was observed in the presence of the highest concentration of iron-oxide nanoparticles on pluronic coated surfaces compared to other surfaces. Therefore, combination of polymer brush coating and iron-oxide nanoparticles could show a significant reduction in biofilm formation.

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