Innovative Perspectives on Biofilm Interactions in Poultry Drinking Water Systems and Veterinary Antibiotics Used Worldwide

Prudent use of antibiotics in livestock is widely considered to be important to prevent antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions between biofilms and veterinary antibiotics in therapeutic concentrations administrated via drinking water through a standardized experimental setup. In this context, two biofilms formed by pseudomonads (Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa or P. fluorescens) and a susceptible Escherichia (E.) coli strain were developed in a nutrient-poor medium on the inner surface of polyvinyl chloride pipe pieces. Subsequently, developing biofilms were exposed to sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (SDZ/TMP) or tylosin A (TYL A) in dosages recommended for application in drinking water for 5 or 7 days, respectively. Various interactions were detected between biofilms and antibiotics. Microbiological examinations revealed that only TYL A reduced the number of bacteria on the surface of the pipes. Additionally, susceptible E. coli survived both antibiotic treatments without observable changes in the minimum inhibitory concentration to 13 relevant antibiotics. Furthermore, as demonstrated by HPLC-UV, the dynamics of SDZ/TMP and TYL A in liquid media differed between the biofilms of both pseudomonads over the exposure period. We conclude that this approach represents an innovative step toward the effective evaluation of safe veterinary antibiotic use.

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Increasing of the Aminoglicosyde Antibiotic Activity Against a Multidrug-Resistant E. coli by Turnera ulmifolia L. and Chlorpromazine

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800409340052 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 332-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Henrique D. M. Coutinho ◽

José G. M. Costa ◽

Edeltrudes O. Lima ◽

Vivyanne S. Falcão-Silva ◽

José P. Siqueira-Júnior

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Coli Strain ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Efflux System ◽

E Coli ◽

Turnera Ulmifolia ◽

Conventional Antibiotics

In this study, an ethanol extract of Turnera ulmifolia L. (EETU) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) were tested for their antimicrobial activity alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics against two strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The growth of neither E. coli strain was inhibited by the extract. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration values were ≥1 mg/ml for both the strains of E. coli. However, the extract did increase the antimicrobial effects of amikacin, neomycin, and tobramycin. A similar effect of CPZ on amikacin, kanamycin, and tobramycin indicated the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Results suggest that extracts from T. ulmifolia could be used as a plant-derived natural product with resistance-modifying activity, constituting a new weapon against bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

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Microbial diversity in biofilms on water distribution pipes of different materials

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2010.813 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 163-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

J. Yu ◽

D. Kim ◽

T. Lee

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Coli Strain ◽

E Coli ◽

Plastic Materials ◽

Drinking Water Distribution ◽

Mixed Water ◽

Pipe Materials

The effects of pipe materials on biofilm formation potential (BFP) and microbial communities in biofilms were analyzed. Pipe coupons made of six different materials (CU, copper; CP, chlorinated poly vinyl chloride; PB, polybutylene; PE, polyethylene; SS, stainless steel; ST, steel coated with zinc) were incubated in drinking water, mixed water (inoculated with 10% (v/v) of river water) and drinking water inoculated with Escherichia coli JM109 (E. coli), respectively. The highest BFPs were observed from steel pipes, SS and ST, while CU showed the lowest BFP values. Of the plastic materials, the BFP of CP in drinking water (96 pg ATP/cm2) and mixed water (183 pg ATP/cm2) were comparable to those of CU, but the other plastic materials, PB and PE, displayed relatively high BFP. The Number of E. coli in the drinking water inoculated with cultures of E. coli strain showed similar trends with BFP values of the pipe coupons incubated in drinking water and mixed water. Molecular analysis of microbial communities indicated the presence of α- and β-proteobacteria, actinobacteria and bacteroidetes in biofilm on the pipe materials. However, the DGGE profile of bacterial 16S rDNA fragments showed significant differences among different materials, suggesting that the pipe materials affect not only BFP but also microbial diversity. Some plastic materials, such as CP, would be suitable for plumbing, particularly for drinking water distribution pipes, due to its low BFP and little microbial diversity in biofilm.

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Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli from Retail Poultry Meats in Korea

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/jfp-20-150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (10) ◽

pp. 1673-1678

Author(s):

SEOKHWAN KIM ◽

HANSOL KIM ◽

YONGHOON KIM ◽

MIGYEONG KIM ◽

HYOSUN KWAK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Veterinary Antibiotics ◽

Production Chain ◽

E Coli ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in poultry meat pose a threat to public health. This article is the first to report the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in retail poultry meat labeled with various claims of antibiotic use in Korea. A total of 719 E. coli strains were isolated from 1,107 raw poultry (chicken and duck) meat samples purchased from nationwide retail stores between 2017 and 2019. All strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with a broth microdilution method. The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in chicken was significantly higher than that in duck for almost all antibiotics tested, and 87.9% of E. coli strains in chicken samples were multidrug resistant. The most prevalent types of antimicrobial resistance in these E. coli strains from poultry meat were to nalidixic acid (75.7%), ampicillin (69.1%), and tetracycline (64.0%), consistent with national sales data for veterinary antibiotics in the Korean poultry production industry. Organic or antibiotic-free and conventional chicken products were equally likely to be contaminated with antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. Contamination may occur during slaughtering and subsequent processing, and antibiotic use is permitted in certain cases under organic or antibiotic-free poultry standards. Therefore, close surveillance is required throughout the chicken production chain to prevent the spread of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli strains. HIGHLIGHTS

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Antibacterial potential of essential oils against planktonic and sessile cells of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhea cases in swine

Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas ◽

10.37360/blacpma.22.21.1.05 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 81-93

Author(s):

Franciana Aparecida Volpato Bellaver ◽

◽

Anildo Cunha Junior ◽

Thais Carla Dal Bello ◽

Ana Julia Longo Neis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Coli Strain ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Planktonic Cells ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

E Coli ◽

Bacteria Inhibition ◽

Sessile Cells ◽

Antibacterial Potential

Escherichia coli is a pathogen associated with infections in piglets in the post-weaning phase, its pathogenicity is related to the animal's susceptibility to bacterial enterotoxins. The objective of the present study was to determine the EOs activity against E. coli strain, in the form planktonic and sessile. Although the Disc-Diffusion tests to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, do not fully corroborate with the other analyzes of this study, it was noticed bacteria inhibition. The EOs were prepared at 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.0% for tests. The tested EOs were effective against E. coli planktonic cells (p<0.05). As for the sessile cells, the most significant result was inhibition and 100% sessile cells at the concentration of 1.0% of Cymbopogon citratus EO. Although there was resistance in some treatments, the tested EOs demonstrated inhibition capacity, constituting promising alternatives for the control of E. coli, especially of planktonic cells.

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Risk factors for antibiotic-resistant E. coli in children in a rural area

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268808001519 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 137 (6) ◽

pp. 879-888 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. C. SEIDMAN ◽

P. ANITHA K. ◽

R. KANUNGO ◽

A. L. BOURGEOIS ◽

C. L. COLES

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Prescription Patterns ◽

E Coli ◽

Veterinary Antibiotic

SUMMARYWe surveyed antimicrobial susceptibility in faecal Escherichia coli in primary schoolchildren in rural Tamil Nadu, India. Resistance profiles of E. coli samples from local water sources were also obtained. We investigated sociodemographic characteristics as risk factors for resistance and local paediatric prescription patterns. In 119 stool samples, carriage of resistance to ⩾1 antibiotic was 63% and multiple drug resistance was 32%. Resistance outcomes were associated with school of attendance, having a sibling attend the same school, younger age, and less crowded households. Eight of nine water samples were resistant to ⩾1 antibiotic. Recent history of medication use was not associated with resistance carriage. Resistance patterns may have been influenced by local paediatric prescription patterns and veterinary antibiotic use. Frequent, low-cost surveillance of commensal resistance can guide development of locally appropriate treatment guidelines. School-based hygiene programmes should be considered as means of limiting the spread of antibiotic resistance.

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Impact of Bacteriophage-Supplemented Drinking Water on the E. coli Population in the Chicken Gut

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9040293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophie Kittler ◽

Ruth Mengden ◽

Imke H. E. Korf ◽

Anna Bierbrodt ◽

Johannes Wittmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

No Reduction ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Coli Strain ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

E Coli ◽

Gut Colonization ◽

Model Strain ◽

Selection Of

Among intestinal coliform microbes in the broiler gut, there are potentially pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli that can cause avian colibacillosis. The treatment with antibiotics favors the selection of multidrug-resistant bacteria and an alternative to this treatment is urgently required. A chicken model of intestinal colonization with an apathogenic model strain of E. coli was used to test if oral phage application can prevent or reduce the gut colonization of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli variants in two individual experiments. The E. coli strain E28 was used as a model strain, which could be differentiated from other E. coli strains colonizing the broiler gut, and was susceptible to all cocktail phages applied. In the first trial, a mixture of six phages was continuously applied via drinking water. No reduction of the model E. coli strain E28 occurred, but phage replication could be demonstrated. In the second trial, the applied mixture was limited to the four phages, which showed highest efficacy in vitro. E. coli colonization was reduced in this trial, but again, no reduction of the E. coli strain E28 was observed. The results of the trials presented here can improve the understanding of the effect of phages on single strains in the multi-strain microbiota of the chicken gut.

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Microbubble-Mediated Ultrasound Enhances the Lethal Effect of Gentamicin on PlanktonicEscherichia coli

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/142168 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Han-Xiao Zhu ◽

Xun-Zi Cai ◽

Zhong-Li Shi ◽

Bin Hu ◽

Shi-Gui Yan

Keyword(s):

Cell Membranes ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Acoustic Cavitation ◽

Lethal Effect ◽

Average Intensity ◽

E Coli ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Low Intensity Ultrasound ◽

Number Of Bacteria

Previous research has found that low-intensity ultrasound enhanced the lethal effect of gentamicin on planktonicE. coli. We aimed to further investigate whether microbubble-mediated low-intensity ultrasound could further enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of gentamicin. The planktonicE. coli(ATCC 25922) was distributed to four different interventions: control (GCON), microbubble only (GMB), ultrasound only (GUS), and microbubble-mediated ultrasound (GMUS). Ultrasound was applied with 100 mW/cm2(average intensity) and 46.5 KHz, which presented no bactericidal activity. After 12 h, plate counting was used to estimate the number of bacteria, and bacterial micromorphology was observed with transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the viable counts ofE. coliinGMUSwere decreased by 1.01 to 1.42 log10 CFU/mL compared withGUS(P<0.01). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin againstE. coliwas 1 μg/mL in theGMUSandGUSgroups, lower than that in theGCONandGMBgroups (2 μg/mL). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images exhibited more destruction and higher thickness of bacterial cell membranes in theGMUSthan those in other groups. The reason might be the increased permeability of cell membranes for gentamicin caused by acoustic cavitation.

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