scholarly journals Seed Priming with Brassinosteroids Alleviates Chromium Stress in Rice Cultivars via Improving ROS Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense Response at Biochemical and Molecular Levels

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Farwa Basit ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Temoor Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Noman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Cr Toxicity ◽  
Cr Uptake

This research was performed to explore the vital role of seed priming with a 0.01 µM concentration of brassinosteroids (EBL) to alleviate the adverse effects of Cr (100 µM) in two different rice cultivars. Seed priming with EBL significantly enhanced the germination attributes (germination percentage, germination energy, germination index, and vigor index, etc.), photosynthetic rate as well as plant growth (shoot and root length including the fresh and dry weight) under Cr toxicity as compared to the plants primed with water. Cr toxicity induced antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) and ROS level (MDA and H2O2 contents) in both rice cultivars; however, a larger increment was observed in YLY-689 (tolerant) than CY-927 (sensitive) cultivar. EBL application stimulatingly increased antioxidant enzyme activities to scavenge ROS production under Cr stress. The gene expression of SOD and POD in EBL-primed rice plants followed a similar increasing trend as observed in the case of enzymatic activities of SOD and POD compared to water-primed rice plants. Simultaneously, Cr uptake was observed to be significantly higher in the water-primed control compared to plants primed with EBL. Moreover, Cr uptake was significant in YLY-689 compared to CY-927. In ultra-structure studies, it was observed that EBL priming relieved the rice plants from sub-cellular damage. Conclusively, our research indicated that seed priming with EBL could be adopted as a promising strategy to enhance rice growth by copping the venomous effect of Cr.

scholarly journals Co-composted Biochar Enhances Growth, Physiological, and Phytostabilization Efficiency of Brassica napus and Reduces Associated Health Risks Under Chromium Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Bisma Tanvir ◽  
Wang Xiukang ◽  
Martin Brtnicky ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Among heavy metals, chromium (Cr) contamination is increasing gradually due to the use of untreated industrial effluents for irrigation purposes, thereby posing a severe threat to crop production. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of compost, biochar (BC), and co-composted BC on the growth, physiological, biochemical attributes, and health risks associated with the consumption of Brassica grown on Cr-contaminated soil. Results revealed that Cr stress (Cr-25) significantly reduced the growth and physiological attributes and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in Brassica, but the applied amendments considerably retrieved the negative effects of Cr toxicity through improving the growth and physiology of plants. The maximum increase in plant height (75.3%), root length (151.0%), shoot dry weight (139.4%), root dry weight (158.5%), and photosynthetic rate (151.0%) was noted with the application of co-composted BC under Cr stress (Cr-25) in comparison to the control. The application of co-composted BC significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, such as APX (42.5%), GP (45.1%), CAT (45.4%), GST (47.8%), GR (47.1%), and RG (48.2%), as compared to the control under Cr stress. The same treatment reduced the accumulation of Cr in grain, shoot, and roots of Brassica by 4.12, 2.27, and 2.17 times and enhanced the accumulation in soil by 1.52 times as compared to the control. Moreover, the application of co-composted BC significantly enhanced phytostabilization efficiency and reduced associated health risks with the consumption of Brassica. It is concluded that the application of co-composted BC in Cr-contaminated soil can significantly enhance the growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes of Brassica by reducing its uptake in plants and enhanced phytostabilization efficiency. The tested product may also help in restoring the soils contaminated with Cr.

Salt stress differently affects growth, water status and antioxidant enzyme activities in Solanum lycopersicum and its wild relative Solanum chilense

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Antúnez ◽  
Héctor Araya ◽  
Ricardo Pertuzé ◽  
Lida Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Solanum Chilense ◽  
Leaf Succulence

The effect of saline stress (NaCl, 40, 80 and 160 mmol L−1 of NaCl) on growth, plant water status and leaf antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated in a commercial cultivar of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme L.) and in a wild-related species collected in a salt-affected area of North Chile (Solanum chilense Dun.). Salt stress was applied in a nutrient solution at the vegetative stage during 40 days. The highest NaCl concentration reduced shoot relative growth, fresh and dry weight and leaf area in the cultivated S. lycopersicum but had less impact on S. chilense. Both species were able to efficiently perform osmotic adjustment but S. chilense also exhibited an increase in leaf succulence. The oxidative stress estimated through malondialdehyde quantification was always higher in the cultivated S. lycopersicum, both in the absence and in the presence of salt. Total superoxide dismutase activity (EC 1.15.1.1) increased in response to the highest dose of NaCl in S. chilense but remained constant in S. lycopersicum. Salinity induced an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) in S. chilense but reduced it in S. lycopersicum. It is concluded that S. chilense displays efficient strategies to cope with high NaCl doses and that management of the oxidative status is a key mechanism allowing this species to tolerate salinity.

scholarly journals Seed priming with hydrogen peroxide alleviates the effects of drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Weeraphorn JIRA-ANUNKUL ◽  
Wattana PATTANAGUL
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase

Drought stress is a major factor limiting crop growth and yield. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is known as a signalling molecule in the plant cell in which activates multiple physiological changes that play essential roles in tolerance mechanism. This study investigated the effects of seed priming with H2O2 on growth, some physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in rice seedling under drought stress. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Khao Dawk Mali 105 seeds were primed with 0 (distilled water), 1, 5, 10, and 15 mM H2O2 and grown for 21 days. The seedlings were subjected to drought stress by withholding water for 7 days. The results showed that priming with low concentrations of H2O2 improved plant growth and biomass as well as relative water content, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage. Priming with H2O2, however, had no beneficial effect on chlorophyll content, proline and leaf total soluble sugar. Seed priming with appropriate levels of H2O2 also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX). It is concluded that seed priming with 2-10 mM H2O2, is beneficial for enhancing drought tolerance in rice seedling by increasing antioxidant capacity, which in turn reduces oxidative stress and damages to the cellular components.

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