scholarly journals Mitochondria Content and Activity Are Crucial Parameters for Bull Sperm Quality Evaluation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1204
Author(s):  
Zofia E. Madeja ◽  
Marta Podralska ◽  
Agnieszka Nadel ◽  
Marcin Pszczola ◽  
Piotr Pawlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
Cryopreserved Sperm ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Standard sperm evaluation parameters do not enable predicting their ability to survive cryopreservation. Mitochondria are highly prone to suffer injuries during freezing, and any abnormalities in their morphology or function are reflected by a decline of sperm quality. Our work focused on describing a link between the number and the activity of mitochondria, with an aim to validate its applicability as a biomarker of bovine sperm quality. Cryopreserved sperm collected from bulls with high (group 1) and low (group 2) semen quality was separated by swim up. The spermatozoa of group 1 overall retained more mitochondria (MitoTrackerGreen) and mtDNA copies, irrespective of the fraction. Regardless of the initial ejaculate quality, the motile sperm contained significantly more mitochondria and mtDNA copies. The same trend was observed for mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm, JC-1), where motile sperm displayed high ΔΨm. These results stay in agreement with transcript-level evaluation (real-time polymerase chain reaction, PCR) of antioxidant enzymes (PRDX1, SOD1, GSS), which protect cells from the reactive oxygen species. An overall higher level of glutathione synthetase (GSS) mRNA was noted in group 1 bulls, suggesting higher ability to counteract free radicals. No differences were noted between basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) (Seahorse XF Agilent) and ATP-linked respiration for group 1 and 2 bulls. In conclusion, mitochondrial content and activity may be used as reliable markers for bovine sperm quality evaluation.

113 EFFECT OF SPERM COATING ON THE QUALITY OF BOVINE FROZEN - THAWED SPERMATOZOA

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
M. Thys ◽  
A. Van Soom ◽  
J. Dewulf ◽  
T. Rijsselaere ◽  
A. de Kruif
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
Sperm Characteristics ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The substantial decrease of sperm quality after cryopreservation remains an important issue in the artificial insemination industry. Sperm coating with Triladyl® (Minitübe, Tiefenbach, Germany) during ejaculation can preserve sperm characteristics and oocyte penetrating capacity of fresh bovine spermatozoa stored in egg yolk diluent for up to 6 days (De Pauw et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 1109–1122). Since collecting semen in a tube containing egg yolk-Tris extender (sperm coating) limits the period of contact between spermatozoa and seminal plasma, the present experiment was conducted to assess if this slightly adjusted method of sperm collection could also have a significant effect on bovine sperm quality after cryopreservation. Semen of five young Holstein Friesian bulls was collected by means of an artificial vagina connected to an empty tube (Group 1; five ejaculates per bull) or a tube containing 4 mL of an egg yolk-Tris extender (Groups 2 and 3; each five ejaculates per bull). The semen samples of Group 1 were conventionally diluted in straws (60 × 106 sperm/mL), frozen, and stored in liquid nitrogen. The samples of Group 3 were centrifuged, and after removing diluent and seminal plasma, the sperm pellet was conventionally diluted and processed. The samples of Group 2 were processed without removal of the supernatant. After thawing each ejaculate was analyzed for average path velocity (VAP), beat cross frequency (BCF), and progressive motility (PROG) using CASA (Minitübe, Tiefenbach, Germany). Furthermore, the membrane integrity of each sample was evaluated using fluorescent SYBR®–14/PI staining (BD Biosciences, Erembodegem, Belgium). All parameters were compared among the three groups of sperm using univariate analysis of variance (SPSS 12.0; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). No significant differences could be observed among the three groups for all of the evaluated sperm characteristics (Table 1). A significant effect of the bull could be determined for all analyzed parameters (P ≤ 0.02), except for the percentage of moribund cells. Nevertheless, the group-bull interaction was never statistically significant. Coating bovine sperm with an egg yolk-Tris extender during ejaculation cannot prevent the substantial deterioration of the spermatozoa that occurs during freezing and thawing since this method of sperm collection does not significantly influence the motility parameters or the membrane integrity after thawing. Table 1. VAP, BCF, PROG, and percentage of membrane-intact, dead, and moribund spermatozoa for the three groups of sperm This research was supported by IWT (no. IWT/020727).

191 SexedULTRA™, A NEW METHOD OF PROCESSING SEX SORTED BOVINE SPERM IMPROVES POST-THAW SPERM QUALITY AND IN VITRO FERTILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gonzalez-Marin ◽  
R. W. Lenz ◽  
T. B. Gilligan ◽  
K. M. Evans ◽  
C. E. Gongora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
Mixed Model Anova

Since the first publications 30 years ago showing that flow cytometry was a reliable method to separate X and Y chromosome bearing sperm, the process has been subject to continual refinement. Numerous experiments have been performed in the last few years with the objective of developing an improved sex-sorted product, branded SexedULTRA™ (Sexing Technologies, Navasota, TX, USA) that retains sperm integrity to improve post-thaw sperm quality, in vitro embryo production, and field fertility compared with the previous XY method. Laboratory evaluations were performed on semen from 12 bulls at the Sexing Technologies laboratory in Navasota (TX, USA). Each ejaculate was divided in 2 aliquots and then processed in 1 of 2 methods (XY method or SexedULTRA™). Post-thaw sperm motilities were classified into percent total and progressively motile after thawing (0 h) and after a 3-h incubation at 37°C using a computer-assisted sperm motility analyzer (Hamilton Thorne IVOS II system, Hamilton Thorne Biosciences, Beverly, MA, USA). Percent intact acrosomes was also estimated after a 3-h incubation. Results were analysed by a mixed model ANOVA with the fixed effect of treatment and random effect of bull. Percent total motile SexedULTRA™ sperm was greater (P < 0.001) than sperm processed following the XY method at 0 (78.8 v. 67.2%) and 3 h (51.0% v. 39.0%) post-thaw. Likewise, there was a higher percent of progressively motile sperm both at 0 (50.7 v. 44.9%) and 3 h (31.5 v. 4.4%) post-thaw in the SexedULTRA™ sperm. Percent intact acrosomes was also greater in SexedULTRA™ sperm compared with the sperm processed following previous method (78.0 v. 64.0%). In vitro fertilizations were performed as a measure of sperm competence using 8 ejaculates from 2 bulls in Sexing Technologies IVF laboratory in Laceyville (PA, USA). Five to 10 oocytes and 5,000 motile sperm/oocyte were placed per IVF drop for the analysis. A total of 3 straws and a minimum of 800 oocytes per treatment group (ejaculate × treatment) were included in the comparison for development to 8-cell stage (cleavage rate) and to Day 7 blastocyst stage, measured as total (grades 1 to 4) and freezable (grades 1 and 2) embryos. Results were analysed using a mixed model ANOVA with treatment as a fixed effect and bull, ejaculate within bull, and IVF cycle as random effects. Results from IVF trials are shown in Table 1. Total and freezable embryo numbers were significantly higher (P < 0.05) when using SexedULTRA™ compared with XY sperm. Maintaining a suitable environment for sperm to progress through the various steps of the sex-sorting process results in better semen quality post-thaw as well as improved in vitro fertility. The SexedULTRA™ method confers a significant benefit in maintaining sperm integrity that, if translated into field fertility, could reduce the conception rate gap between conventional and sex-sorted bovine sperm. Table 1. Results from IVF and embryo culture using frozen-thawed, sex-sorted semen processed using the XY or the SexedULTRA™ method

scholarly journals Role of total motile sperm count in the evaluation of young men with bilateral subclinical varicocele and asthenospermia

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Tsampoukas ◽  
Athanasios Dellis ◽  
Antigoni Katsouri ◽  
Dominic Brown ◽  
Konstantinos Deliveliotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Class Group ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Class A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Total Motile Sperm Count ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: In comparison to its clinical analogue, the subclinical varicocele represents a questionable entity and specific guidelines for the optimal management are lacking. In our previous study of patients with subclinical varicocele, we showed that bilateral condition is associated with risk of dyspermia. In the present study, we evaluated the risk of deterioration of semen quality in men with bilateral disease and impaired motility according to WHO criteria. Materials and methods: Men with bilateral subclinical varicocele, not desiring fatherhood at the time of presentation, were included in study. During initial evaluation, the number of Total Motile Sperm Count (TMSC) was calculated and the patients’ age, total testicular volume (TTV), maximum venous size and mean resistive index (RI) of the intratesticular arteries were recorded. We classified the participants in five classes according to the TMSC reading: class A-: TMSC < 5 x 106, class A: TMSC between 5-10 x 106, class B: TMSC between 10-15 x 106, class C: TMSC between 15-20 x 106, and class D: TMSC > 20 x 106 per ejaculate. The participants were seen after 6 months for a repeat spermiogram and physical examination. If clinical varicocele was diagnosed or a new abnormality in the spermiogram was noted, the participants were excluded from the study. The remaining patients were allocated to two groups according to the repeat TMSC reading: patients sub-classified into a lower class (group 1), and patients remaining at the same class (group 2). A comparative analysis was performed between two groups. Results: Nineteen men were included. Nine patients were subclassified (group 1). Three patients moved to A- class (< 5 x 106). Ten patients remained in the same class having no deterioration (group 2). Comparing the two groups, no statistically significant difference was recognized for age, TTV, maximum venous size on both sides, and mean RI (p > 0.05). However, the initial reading for TMSC was 14.57 x 106 in group 1, and 22.84 x 106 in group 2, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, in a paired analysis there was a significant difference in TMSC after 6 months (p < 0.05), too. Summary Conclusions: Young men with bilateral varicocele and asthenospermia seem to be at risk of deterioration in their semen quality after a follow-up of 6 months. The measurement of TMSC can unmask patients at risk, whereas men with the lowest readings seem to be at highest risk for deterioration. The possibility of a worsening sperm quality should be considered in the appropriate clinical context.

Impact of Varicocele and Varicocele Surgery on Semen Quality, Erectile Function and Serum Hormone Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Badereddin Mohamad Al-Ali ◽  
Emma Persad ◽  
Andreas Lunacek ◽  
Christof Mrstik ◽  
Eugen Plas
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
T Test ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Many studies suggest that varicoceles are associated with hypogonadism and varicocele repair can increase testosterone levels and improve erectile function.Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the impact of varicocele and varicocele surgery on testosterone level, semen quality, and erectile function.Methods: Our study included 265 infertile males with a clinical varicocele. This group was divided into three groups: group 1 (193) patients who did not receive surgery, group 2 (72 patients) who were operated on according to the Palomo procedure and group 3 (28 patients), who acted as a control group without a varicocele. All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function IIEF-5 (German version) and underwent semen analysis. Serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured at inclusion into the study and after surgery.Main outcome measures: Changes in semen quality, erectile function, and serum hormones after surgery.Results: The IIEF-5 scores in groups 1 and 2 were 21.01 ± 2.2; and 21.74 ± 1 respectively, and the resulting t-test for equality of variance was significant (p < 0.0001). Total testosterone level in groups 1 and 2 were 3.16 ± 0.37 and 3 ± 0.01, respectively, and the resulting t-test for equality of variance was significant (p < 0.0001). The results of the semen analysis were better in group 2 (after surgery) (28.6%, p < 0.001) in comparison to group 1. Interestingly, pre-operative serum testosterone levels were lower in patients with later improvement of semen analysis (p = 0.05). Body mass index (p = 0.8), pre-operative serum FSH (p = 0.9), LH (p = 0.2), and nicotine consumption (p = 0.6) were similar in both the group that saw improvement and the group with no change in semen quality.Conclusion: Semen quality improved in 28.6% of patients after varicocele surgery. Erectile dysfunction (ED) improved after varicocele surgery. We report that lower pre-operative serum testosterone level might be a possible indicator for successful surgical outcome.

scholarly journals Influence of Preoperative Pain Duration on Microsurgical Varicocelectomy Outcomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mustafa Gökhan Köse ◽  
Kadir Önem ◽  
Mehmet Çetinkaya ◽  
Erkan Karadağ ◽  
Emre Arpali
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Sexual Abstinence ◽  
Preoperative Pain ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Pain Duration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To investigate the question of whether duration of pain before surgery ultimately affects sperm parameters after varicocelectomy.Methods. Fifty patients with painful grade-3 varicocele were investigated prospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to their symptom period. The patients having had grade-3 varicocele for less than 1 year were included in Group-1 (Ge,n=25). Twenty-five patients who had painful grade-3 varicocele for more than 1 year (Gs,n=25) were classified in Group-2. Semen analysis was performed after 3 days of sexual abstinence twice a month. Total sperm concentration (TSC), rapidly progressive motility (SPa), and slow or sluggish motility (SPb) rates were noted. Pain was evaluated by using 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS).Results. Postoperative TSC and %SPb were significantly higher in both groups (P=0.01). There was no difference between two groups for preoperative and postoperative TSC, %SPa, % and SPb values. VAS significantly declined in both groups (P=0.005). This postoperative decline was not significant for intergroup comparison.Conclusions. Our results show that increase in semen quality and decrease in the pain after microsurgery varicocelectomy do not depend on the duration of the preoperative pain.

scholarly journals Efecto de la composición racial sobre la calidad espermática de verracos

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Valverde-Abarca ◽  
Mónica Madrigal-Valverde ◽  
Marlen Camacho-Calvo ◽  
Adones Zambrana-Jiménez ◽  
Leonardo López
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Head Displacement ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Lateral Head

The assessment of the semen quality is an essential tool to improve the reproductive indexes in swine farms. The motility is the most important parameter that used in the sperm quality evaluation because it is associated with the energy of the spermatozoon. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of breed composition on reproductive variables of sperm quality, kinetics and semen motility in boars. During 2016, 240 ejaculates were collected from 63 boars with a mean age of 24.4±10.9 months. Six racial groups were identified: Duroc (D), Yorkshire (Y), Landrace (L), F1 Pietrain*Duroc (PD) and two genetic lines (LA and LB). The breeds with the highest ejaculate volume presented a higher total number of spermatozoa (P<0.05). The effect of the breed was significant (P<0.05) on sperm kinetics variables except for amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH, μm). The Landrace breed presented the highest (P<0.05) percentage of static sperm (29.30±1.57). The most relevant differences (P<0.05) for total motility (MTOT) and progressive motility (MP), were presented between L and PD with values of 70.71±1.57; 77.48±1.09 and 51.80±1.97; 59.85±1.37% respectively. Adult boars (≥18 months) had higher volumes of ejaculate and total number of sperm than boars in the intermediate and young ages, however, for velocities (μm/s): curvilinear (VCL), straight line (VSL) and average path (VAP), adult boars only were different (P<0.05) of the boars in-between ages. Four sperm subpopulations (SP) were identified, SP1 (46.83%) characterized by a moderate speed, but of very progressive motility, SP2 (14.78%) with active movement, but not progressive, SP3 (8.45%) with low speeds and progressive path and SP4 (29.94%) with quick movement, but without progressivity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Alkaloids Fraction of Cyperus esculentus on Some Biochemical Parameters and Histopathology of the Testis of Lead-Induced Toxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Godson Emeka Anyanwu ◽  
Luqman Adepoju Hassan ◽  
Ifeanacho Ezeteonu Abireh ◽  
Nto Johnson Nto
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: This study evaluated the protective effect of alkaloids fraction of Cyperus esculentus on lead-induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rat. Methodology: Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five (5) groups, (n=5). Group 1 was administered with 1ml normal saline only, group 2 was administered with 30 mg/kg of lead, group 3 was administered with 50mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead, group 4 was administered with 100 mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead, group 5 was administered 150mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead orally for 28 days. The testes of the rats were harvested on day 29 of the experiment and histological studies done using the H&E and Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG) stains. Sperm parameters, sex hormones and antioxidant of testicular homogenates were analysed. Results: Histological examination of the testes revealed increased spermatogenic cells and Leydig cell proliferation in the rats in groups 3, 4, and 5 administered with 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg of Alkaloids, and 30 mg/kg of lead, respectively, when compared with group 2 administered with 30 mg/kg of lead alone. Also there was significant increase in levels of serum testosterone (p < .05) in groups 3, 4, and 5 when compared with group 2. There was increase in levels of follicle stimulating hormone in groups 4, and 5 when compared with group 2. However, significant decreased in luteinizing hormone was observed in groups 3, 4 and 5. Group 2, treated with 30 mg/kg of lead only showed increased malondialdehyde levels when compared with group 1 that received 1ml normal saline. Group 3, 4, and 5, treated with 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg of alkaloid plus 30 mg/kg lead, respectively, showed significant growth of seminiferous epithelium, improved sperm quality, and decreased levels of malondialdehyde (p < .05). Conclusion: This study shows that alkaloids fraction of Cyperus esculentus may have a protective effect on the testis of Wistar rat when it is exposed to toxicity from lead.

162 EFFECT OF THE SPERM SELECTION WITH ISOLATE® OR PERCOLL® ON SPERM QUALITY AND IN VITRO BOVINE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT FOR FROZEN - THAWED SEXED AND NONSEXED SEMEN

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
G. A. Bó ◽  
P. Rodriguez Villamil ◽  
G. Moreira ◽  
M. E. Garcia Gomez ◽  
M. Fernandez Taranco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Sperm Selection ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 2 different commercially available spermatozoa separation techniques, Isolate® (Irving-Scientific, Santa Ana, CA, USA) and Percoll® (Nutricell, São Paulo, Brazil), on sperm quality and in vitro embryo production using sexed and nonsexed semen. Oocytes (n = 5046) were obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries and fertilized with frozen-thawed sexed or nonsexed semen from the same 4 Holstein bulls. The experiment was done in 10 replicates, with all treatment groups included. Sperm quality (motility, concentration, morphology and membrane integrity) was evaluated and compared before and after sperm selection by the 2 methods. Oocytes were maturated in TCM-199 supplemented with 0.4% of BSA for 24 h in a controlled atmosphere and then selected and randomly allocated into 4 different groups. Group 1: oocytes fertilized with sexed semen selected by Percoll®; Group 2: oocytes fertilized with sexed semen selected by Isolate®; Group 3: oocytes fertilized with nonsexed semen selected by Percoll®; Group 4: oocytes fertilized with nonsexed semen selected by Isolate®. Fertilization was performed in Fert-TALP medium for 18 h under the same conditions as maturation. Presumptive zygotes were cultured for 7 days in SOF medium in a 39°C humidified incubator with 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were evaluated on Day 2 and 7, respectively, after fertilization. Proportional data were transformed by square root and then analysed by ANOVA, with type of semen and sperm selection method as the main effects. Regardless of the sperm selection technique, sperm motility and percentage of normal sperm increased (P < 0.005) from the initial post-thaw parameters. For nonsexed semen, Percoll® gradient increased the recovery rate (i.e. final concentration/initial concentration × 100; 57.3 ± 2.7) compared with Isolate® (46.0 ± 1.8; P < 0.05). Furthermore, sperm selected by Isolate® presented significant improvements compared with Percoll® gradient on membrane integrity of sexed (41.0 ± 0.6 vs 38.8 ± 0.8) and nonsexed semen (60.8 ± 1.6 vs 58.8 ± 0.5; P < 0.05). Finally, blastocyst production rates were higher (P < 0.05) for sexed (Group 2: 14.0 ± 1.0) or nonsexed semen (Group 4: 22.0 ± 1.1) selected by Isolate® than for sexed (Group 1: 10.5 ± 1.5) or nonsexed semen (Group 3: 17.0 ± 2.1) selected with Percoll®. In conclusion, selection of both sexed and nonsexed semen for IVF with Isolate® resulted in higher quality sperm and higher embryo production rates than Percoll®.

scholarly journals The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome upon the Success of Varicocelectomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Ozturk ◽  
Nevzat Can Sener ◽  
Ismail Nalbant ◽  
Osman Raif Karabacak ◽  
Mustafa Gurhan Ulusoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Spermatic Vein ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Spontaneous Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

We aimed to investigate the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the varicocele treatment. 101 patients underwent spermatic vein ligation between 2007 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Those patients were divided into two groups as without (n: 56, Group 1) or with MetS (n: 48, Group 2). All the patients underwent left microsurgical subinguinal spermatic vein ligation. Groups were compared by the improvement on sperm parameters and spontaneous pregnancy rates at a mean of 19 (±4) months followup. When sperm parameters were compared postoperatively, the significant improvement in total sperm count, motile sperm count percentage, and normal sperm percentage was reported. The groups were compared to each other and the improvement seemed significantly better in Group 1. There was no statistically significant improvement difference in the normal sperm percentage between groups. Spontaneous pregnancy rate after two years was 45% in Group 1 and 34% in Group 2 (). Patients with MetS and varicocele improved after surgery, but not as well as the similar group without MetS. This may help to show that MetS can be a factor for male infertility.

Sperm DNA damage is related to field fertility of semen from young Norwegian Red bulls

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Waterhouse ◽  
T. Haugan ◽  
E. Kommisrud ◽  
A. Tverdal ◽  
G. Flatberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotide Transferase ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
Acrosome Integrity ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Flow cytometry was utilised for the first time to independently measure five sperm parameters of individual spermatozoa of bull ejaculates to differentiate between outcome successes after artificial insemination (AI). These parameters included plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial functionality and DNA damage measured by sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assays. For each parameter, results of 142 ejaculates (30 bulls) were ranked into three groups according to their flow cytometric measures: (1) ejaculates with the 25% lowest measures; (2) the 50% middle measures; and (3) the 25% highest measures. In total, 20 272 first-service inseminations (18 × 106 spermatozoa per AI dose) were performed, where fertility was defined as non-return within 60 days after first insemination. While plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial functionality were not significantly related to fertility, data from SCSA and TUNEL assays were significantly associated with fertility. Ejaculates in SCSA group 1 had higher odds of AI success (1.07, 95% CI = 1.02–1.12), whereas those in group 3 had lower odds of AI success (0.94, 95% CI = 0.89–0.99), compared with the average odds of all three groups. Ejaculates in group 2 did not have significantly higher odds of AI success compared with the average odds. For TUNEL-positive spermatozoa, the odds of AI success was higher in group 1 compared with the average odds (1.10, 95% CI = 1.02–1.13), whereas odds of AI success in groups 2 and 3 were not significant compared with the average odds. In conclusion, despite the high number of spermatozoa per AI dose from high-quality bulls, both SCSA and TUNEL assays were valuable measures in this study for evaluating sperm quality in relation to fertility after AI.

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