scholarly journals Concentration of Antioxidant Compounds from Calendula officinalis through Sustainable Supercritical Technologies, and Computational Study of Their Permeability in Skin for Cosmetic Use

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Raquel Mur ◽  
Elisa Langa ◽  
M. Rosa Pino-Otín ◽  
José S. Urieta ◽  
Ana M. Mainar
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Skin Permeability ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Co2 Flow ◽  
Supercritical Technologies

The growing interest in the cosmetic industry in using compounds of natural and sustainable origin that are safe for humans is encouraging the development of processes that can satisfy these needs. Chlorogenic acid (CHA), caffeic acid (CAF) and ferulic acid (FA) are three compounds widely used within the cosmetic industry due to their functionalities as antioxidants, collagen modifiers or even as radiation protectors. In this work, two advanced separation techniques with supercritical CO2 are used to obtain these three compounds from Calendula officinalis, and these are then evaluated using a computational skin permeability model. This model is encompassed by the COSMO-RS model, the calculations of which make it possible to study the behaviour of the compounds in the epidermis. The results show that both CAF and FA are retained in the stratum corneum, while CHA manages to penetrate to the stratum spinosum. These compounds were concentrated by antisolvent fractionation with super-critical CO2 using a Response Surface Methodology to study the effect of pressure and CO2 flow rate. CHA, CAF and FA were completely retained in the precipitation vessel, with concentrations between 40% and 70% greater than in the original extract. The conditions predicted that the optimal overall yield and enrichment achieved would be 153 bar and 42 g/min.

scholarly journals Obtaining of β-Sitosterol from Cardamom by Supercritical CO2 Extraction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer İçen ◽  
Hatice Tuğba Çelik ◽  
Mustafa Serhat Ekinci ◽  
Metin Gürü
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Supercritical Co2 Extraction ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Co2 Flow ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Cardamom is plant of the Zingiberaceae family. It has been used for the treatment of many diseases such as migraine, bronchitis, stomach and intestinal disorders. Cardamom contains triterpenes, resins, starch and fatty compounds. Phytosterols (stigmasterol, campesterol and β-sitosterol) are a group steroid alcohol in plants. They are used food, medicine and cosmetic industry. They are protective effects against some types of cancer too. Phytosterols are found in the vegetable oil such as the spindle, corn and soybean oil. This paper deals with the maximum oil and β-sitosterol yield were investigated by means of the supercritical CO2 extraction of cardamom. The effect of operating parameters as temperature, pressure and CO2 flow rate were investigated on oil yield. The amount of β-sitosterol was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) at optimized conditions. The optimized conditions were recorded as temperature of 40oC, pressure of 200 bar and CO2 flow rate of 4 L/min. The maximum oil yield and amount of β-sitosterol were found as 74.83 mg oil/g seed and 4.73 mg β-sitosterol/g seed cardamom under these conditions.

scholarly journals Supercritical Antisolvent Fractionation of Antioxidant Compounds from Salvia officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9351
Author(s):  
Raquel Mur ◽  
Juan I. Pardo ◽  
M. Rosa Pino-Otín ◽  
José S. Urieta ◽  
Ana M. Mainar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Supercritical Antisolvent ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Co2 Flow

The increasing interest towards greener antioxidants obtained via natural sources and more sustainable processes encourages the development of new theoretical and experimental methods in the field of those compounds. Two advanced separation methods using supercritical CO2 are applied to obtain valuable antioxidants from Salvia officinalis, and a first approximation to a QSAR model relating molecular structure with antioxidant activity is explored in order to be used, in the future, as a guide for the preselection of compounds of interest in these processes. Separation experiments through antisolvent fractionation with supercritical CO2 were designed using a Response Surface Methodology to study the effect of pressure and CO2 flow rate on both mass yields and capability to obtain fractions enriched in three antioxidant compounds: chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid which were tracked using HPLC PDA. Rosmarinic acid was completely retained in the precipitation vessel while chlorogenic and caffeic acids, though distributed between the two separated fractions, had a major presence in the precipitation vessel too. The conditions predicted for an optimal overall yield and enrichment were 148 bar and 10 g/min. Although a training dataset including much more compounds than those now considered can be recommended, descriptors calculated from the σ-profiles provided by COSMO-RS model seem to be adequate for estimating the antioxidant activity of pure compounds through QSAR.

scholarly journals From the Field to the Pot: Phytochemical and Functional Analyses of Calendula officinalis L. Flower for Incorporation in an Organic Yogurt

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bragueto Escher ◽  
Cardoso Borges ◽  
Sousa Santos ◽  
Mendanha Cruz ◽  
Boscacci Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Edible flowers have been used as ingredients because of their biological activities, taste, and overall appearance. This research was aimed to characterize the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the marigold flower (Calendula officinalis L.) extracted with different proportions of water and ethyl alcohol, and the lyophilized extract with higher content of antioxidant compounds was incorporated into an organic yogurt. Results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract (50:50 v/v) presented the highest total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total reducing capacity (TRC), and Cu2+/Fe2+ chelating ability). Phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantified in the extract by LC-DAD, while 19 compounds were tentatively identified by ESI-MS/MS. The lyophilized marigold extract (LME) also inhibited 12% of Wistar rat’s brain lipid oxidation in vitro, inhibited α-amylase, and α-glucosidase activities, but showed no cytotoxicity towards cancerous cells (HCT8 and A549). However, marigold flower extract protected human erythrocytes against mechanical stress. When added into an organic yogurt model (0 to 1.5%), LME increased TPC and antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and TRC), and the sensory analysis showed that the organic yogurt had an acceptance of 80.4%. Our results show that the use of LME may be a technological strategy to increase the content of bioactive compounds in yogurts.

scholarly journals Sweet Cherry Byproducts Processed by Green Extraction Techniques as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antiaging Properties

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Agulló-Chazarra ◽  
Isabel Borrás-Linares ◽  
Jesús Lozano-Sánchez ◽  
Antonio Segura-Carretero ◽  
Vicente Micol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Continuous Demand

In the cosmetic industry, there is a continuous demand for new and innovative ingredients for product development. In the context of continual renovation, both cosmetic companies and customers are particularly interested in compounds derived from natural sources due to their multiple benefits. In this study, novel and green-extractive techniques (pressurized solvent, supercritical CO2, and subcritical water extractions) were used to obtain three new extracts from sweet cherry stems, a byproduct generated by the food industry. The extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS), and 57 compounds, mainly flavonoids but also organic and phenolic acids, fatty acids, and terpenes, were identified. After analytical characterization, a multistep screening approach, including antioxidant, enzymatic, and photoprotective cellular studies, was used to select the best extract according to its benefits of interest to the cosmetics industry. The extract obtained with supercritical CO2 presented the best characteristics, including a wide antioxidant capacity, especially against lipid peroxyl and •OH free radicals, as well as relevant photoprotective action and antiaging properties, making it a potential new ingredient for consideration in the development of new cosmetics.

Extraction of antioxidant compounds from blackberry (Rubus sp.) bagasse using supercritical CO2 assisted by ultrasound

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Pasquel Reátegui ◽  
Ana Paula da Fonseca Machado ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
Camila A. Rezende ◽  
Julian Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds

Bifurcated Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Supercritical CO2 Flow in Plane Symmetric Sudden Expansion Duct

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi-Li Deng ◽  
Xin-Rong Zhang ◽  
Hiroshi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Sudden Expansion ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Plane Symmetric ◽  
Co2 Flow

This study presents a computational investigation of forced convection of supercritical CO2 flow in plane symmetric sudden expansion duct at an expansion ratio of 2 in flow asymmetric regime. Computations were conducted at various Reynolds numbers in flow asymmetric regime and low wall heat fluxes below 500 W/m2 to examine the Reynolds number and thermal effects on the flow and heat transfer of the bifurcated flow. General flow features and temperature distributions are presented. The transitional Reynolds numbers above, which a third recirculation region will appear at different wall heat flux are presented, and thus thermal effects on the flow stability are discussed. Reynolds number and thermal effects on distributions of wall skin friction, pressure coefficient, and Nusselt number are presented and discussed.

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