Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Porcine Liver Protein Hydrolysates Obtained Using Alcalase, Bromelain, and Papain

In order to make the by-products generated from the porcine industry more valuable, pig livers were used in this trial to obtain protein hydrolysates. Three proteases (alcalase, bromelain, and papain) were utilized for enzymatic hydrolysis with two different durations, 4 and 8 hours. Ultrafiltration process was used for the recovery of the extracts, employing three different membrane pore sizes (30, 10, and 5 kDa). The porcine livers contained considerable amounts of protein (19.0%), considering they are almost composed of water (74.1%). The antioxidant activity of the obtained hydrolysates was investigated using four antioxidant methods (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2-2′-Azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate] (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC)). Antibacterial properties were also measured against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results indicated that the three studied factors (type of enzyme, membrane pore size, and time) significantly affected the parameters evaluated. Hydrolysates obtained at 8 hours with alcalase had the best antioxidant properties. The 30 kDa alcalase extracts exhibited the highest DPPH (562 µg Trolox/g), FRAP (82.9 µmol Fe2+/100 g), and ORAC (53.2 mg Trolox/g) activities, while for ABTS the 10 kDa alcalase showed the higher values (1068 mg ascorbic acid/100 g). Concerning the antibacterial activity, 30 kDa hydrolysates obtained with bromelain for 4 hours exhibited the highest antimicrobial capacity, providing an inhibition of 91.7%.

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Preparation of Antioxidant Protein Hydrolysates from Pleurotus geesteranus and Their Protective Effects on H2O2 Oxidative Damaged PC12 Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25225408 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (22) ◽

pp. 5408

Author(s):

Xiyu Liao ◽

Zhenjun Zhu ◽

Shujian Wu ◽

Mengfei Chen ◽

Rui Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pc12 Cells ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Promising Source

Pleurotus geesteranus is a promising source of bioactive compounds. However, knowledge of the antioxidant behaviors of P. geesteranus protein hydrolysates (PGPHs) is limited. In this study, PGPHs were prepared with papain, alcalase, flavourzyme, pepsin, and pancreatin, respectively. The antioxidant properties and cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress of PGPHs were investigated using different chemical assays and H2O2 damaged PC12 cells, respectively. The results showed that PGPHs exhibited superior antioxidant activity. Especially, hydrolysate generated by alcalase displayed the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (91.62%), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothia zoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (90.53%), ferric reducing antioxidant power, and metal ion-chelating activity (82.16%). Analysis of amino acid composition revealed that this hydrolysate was rich in hydrophobic, negatively charged, and aromatic amino acids, contributing to its superior antioxidant properties. Additionally, alcalase hydrolysate showed cytoprotective effects on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells via diminishing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by stimulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Taken together, alcalase hydrolysate of P. geesteranus protein can be used as beneficial ingredients with antioxidant properties and protective effects against ROS-mediated oxidative stress.

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Antioxidant Properties of Popular Turmeric(Curcuma longa)Varieties from Bangladesh

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2017/8471785 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

E. M. Tanvir ◽

Md. Sakib Hossen ◽

Md. Fuad Hossain ◽

Rizwana Afroz ◽

Siew Hua Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Free Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Free Radical Damage ◽

Antioxidant Power

We investigated the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of different forms (local names:muraandchora) of turmeric(Curcuma longa)from the Khulna and Chittagong divisions of Bangladesh for their antioxidant properties and polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, and ascorbic acid contents. The antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values. The ethanolic extract of Chittagong’s mura contained the highest concentrations of polyphenols (16.07%), flavonoids (9.66%), and ascorbic acid (0.09 mg/100 g) and chora resulted in high yields (17.39%). The ethanolic extract of Khulna’s mura showed a higher DPPH radical-scavenging activity with the lowest 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) (1.08 μg/mL), while Khulna’s chora had the highest FRAP value (4204.46±74.48 μM Fe[II]per 100 g). Overall, the ethanolic extract had higher antioxidant properties than those in the aqueous extract. However, the tannin concentration was lower in the ethanolic extract. We conclude that the turmeric varieties investigated in this study are useful sources of natural antioxidants, which confer significant protection against free radical damage.

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FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF MARINE SPONGES COLLECTED FROM KOVALAM, CHENNAI

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i6.18115 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 321 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuvarani Thambidurai ◽

Sudarsanam D ◽

Habeeb Skm ◽

Ashok Kumar T

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power

Objective: The main focus of this study is to screen the marine sponges for potent free radical scavenging activity. Methods: Various methods such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay are employed to ascertain the antioxidant properties of marine sponges namely Dysidea herbacea and Sigmadocia pumila. Results: On analyzing, the result of ABTS assay D. herbacea and S. pumila exhibited almost equal antioxidant properties. While calculating the inhibitory concentration 50% value for DPPH assay, the Sample 1 and 2 has an IC of 655.49 and 826.739 μl, respectively, and in FRAP assay, the Sample 1 and 2 has an IC of 67.587 and 74.57 μg, respectively. Conclusion: Overall from this assay, D. herbacea revealed slightly better antioxidant activity when compared to S. pumila, also which in future may serve as a better source to fight against various diseases

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Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties ofBrucea javanicaSeed

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/786130 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Abdulwali Ablat ◽

Jamaludin Mohamad ◽

Khalijah Awang ◽

Jamil A. Shilpi ◽

Aditya Arya

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical

The ethanol extract ofB. javanicaseed was fractionated with solvents of different polarities and tested for antioxidant activities by several assays including DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous ion chelating activity (FCA), and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (NORSA) along with their polyphenolic contents. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using a glycogen phosphorylaseα(GPα) inhibition assay and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in nondiabetic rats. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), rich in tannin, exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities to DPPH, FRAP, and NORSA, except for FCA. The EAF also exerted a dose-depended inhibition of GPα(IC50= 0.75 mg/ml). Further evaluation of hypoglycemic effect on OGGT indicated that rats treated with EAF (125 mg/kg bw) showed a 39.91% decrease (P < 0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30 min, and continuous fall (P < 0.05) of 28.89% and 20.29% was observed in the following hours (60 and 90 min) compared to the normal control during OGTT. The EAF was applied to polyamide column chromatography, and the resulting tannin-free fraction was tested for both GPαinhibition and antioxidant (DPPH only) activity. The GPαinhibitory activity was retained, while antioxidant activity was lost (4.6-fold) after tannin removal. These results concluded that the GPαinhibitory activity initially detected was primarily due to the compounds other than tannins, whereas antioxidant activity was mainly due to the tannins.

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Antioxidant properties of camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) protein hydrolysates

Journal of Food Bioactives ◽

10.31665/jfb.2021.16295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Na Thi Ty Ngo ◽

Fereidoon Shahidi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Protein Isolates ◽

Peptide Fractions

Camelina seed meal was used to produce protein hydrolysates using Alcalase and Flavourzyme. The hydrolysates were then fractionated by employing ultrafiltration membranes (3, 10 kDa). The antioxidant activities of camelina protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions were investigated. The essential amino acid content of camelina protein isolates and hydrolysates was comparable and adequate. All camelina hydrolysates exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity in both DPPH and ABTS assay compared to camelina protein isolates. When comparing the overall DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of peptide fractions, smaller-size peptides (<3 kDa) displayed considerably higher values and hence more potency than larger-sized peptides (>3 kDa). Peptide fractions with 3-10 kDa had better metal chelation and reducing power than those < 3 kDa and > 10 kDa. These findings suggest that camelina protein hydrolysates could be employed as bioactive ingredients in the formulation of functional foods and against oxidative stress.

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Synergistics of Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Mangosteen Extract as Enhancing Moisturizing, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Deodorizing Properties in Emulsion Cream

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym14010178 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 178

Author(s):

Nareekan Chaiwong ◽

Yuthana Phimolsiripol ◽

Pimporn Leelapornpisid ◽

Warintorn Ruksiriwanich ◽

Kittisak Jantanasakulwong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Pig Skin

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) from native chitosan of high molecular weight (H, 310–375 kDa) was synthesized for improving water solubility. The water solubility of high-molecular-weight carboxymethyl chitosan (H-CMCH) was higher than that of native chitosan by 89%. The application of H-CMCH as enhancing the moisturizer in mangosteen extract deodorant cream was evaluated. Different concentrations of H-CMCH (0.5–2.5%) were investigated in physicochemical characteristics of creams, including appearance, phase separation, pH, and viscosity, by an accelerated stability test. The different degrees of skin moisturizing (DM) on pig skin after applying H-CMCH solution, compared with untreated skin, water, and propylene glycol for 15 and 30 min using a Corneometer®, were investigated. The results showed that the 0.5% H-CMCH provided the best DM after applying the solution on pig skin for 30 min. Trans-2-nonenal, as an unsatisfied odor component, was also evaluated against components of the mangosteen extract deodorant cream, which were compared to the standard, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In addition, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and antibacterial activities were examined for the mangosteen extract deodorant cream using 0.5% H-CMCH. Results indicated that the mangosteen extract synergized with H-CMCH, which had a good potential as an effective skin moisturizing agent enhancer, deodorizing activity on trans-2-nonenal odor, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial properties.

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Characterization of Protein Hydrolysates from Fish Discards and By-Products from the North-West Spain Fishing Fleet as Potential Sources of Bioactive Peptides

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19060338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 338

Author(s):

Andreia Henriques ◽

José A. Vázquez ◽

Jesus Valcarcel ◽

Rogério Mendes ◽

Narcisa M. Bandarra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

North West ◽

Chelating Activity ◽

The North ◽

By Products

Fish discards and by-products can be transformed into high value-added products such as fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) containing bioactive peptides. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from different parts (whole fish, skin and head) of several discarded species of the North-West Spain fishing fleet using Alcalase. All hydrolysates had moisture and ash contents lower than 10% and 15%, respectively. The fat content of FPH varied between 1.5% and 9.4% and had high protein content (69.8–76.6%). The amino acids profiles of FPH are quite similar and the most abundant amino acids were glutamic and aspartic acids. All FPH exhibited antioxidant activity and those obtained from Atlantic horse mackerel heads presented the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and Cu2+ chelating activity. On the other hand, hydrolysates from gurnard heads showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity and Fe2+ chelating activity. In what concerns the α-amylase inhibitory activity, the IC50 values recorded for FPH ranged between 5.70 and 84.37 mg/mL for blue whiting heads and whole Atlantic horse mackerel, respectively. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of FPH was relatively low but all FPH had high Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Considering the biological activities, these FPH are potential natural additives for functional foods or nutraceuticals.

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Strobilanthes heyneanus root extract as a potential source for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-021-00242-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vijayakumar Sundaram ◽

Selvaraju Sadhasivam ◽

Sivaraj Chandrasekaran ◽

Raaman Nanjian ◽

Arjun Pandian

Keyword(s):

Dermal Fibroblast ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Root Extract ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Medicinal Uses

Abstract Background Strobilanthes heyneanus (Nilgirianthus heyneanus) belongs to the family Acanthaceae that contains many species with potential for diverse medicinal uses. It is also called ‘Karun kurinji’ and is commonly found in the South-West regions of India. The species are commonly used in rheumatic complaints, sprain of the ankle, and hernia. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phytochemical analysis, and antibacterial activities of the root extract of S. heyneanus. Results The radical scavenging and reduction assays such as DPPH● radical and OH● radical scavenging assays, as well as phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reducing power assays, were determined for the root extract. The highest DPPH● radical scavenging activity was 88.23 ± 1.32 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 38.52 μg/mL concentration. The highest OH● radical scavenging activity was 51.28 ± 1.06 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 51.28 μg/mL concentration. The highest ABTS●+ radical scavenging activity was 91.28 ± 1.12 at 30 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 33.92 μg/mL concentration. The highest phosphomolybdenum reduction was 87.43 ± 0.90 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 24.74 μg/mL concentration. The highest Fe3+ reduction was 89.38 ± 0.98 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 31.06 μg/mL concentration. The antibacterial activity of S. heyneanus showed the highest zone of inhibition of 24 mm for Salmonella typhi with 500 μg/mL concentration. The cytotoxicity limits of the root extracts were tested by MTT assay using human dermal fibroblast cell lines, reflecting > 90% cell viability at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Conclusions The current study showed that the root extract of S. heyneanus has better antioxidant properties and potential anti-bacterial compounds. The phytochemical analysis of the root extract showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and carbohydrates, which are responsible for the antibacterial root extract of S. heyneanus synergistically.

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Composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracts of Eryngium palmatum Pančić and Vis. (Apiaceae)

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-013-0247-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mirjana Marčetić ◽

Silvana Petrović ◽

Marina Milenković ◽

Marjan Niketić

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

AbstractThe chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Eryngium palmatum, an endemic plant species from the Balkan Peninsula, were investigated. The flavonoids apigenin (9.5±0.3 mg g−1) and apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.4±0.1 mg g−1) were determined in a methanol extract of aerial parts using HPLC analysis. The methanol extract of roots contained catechin (5.0±0.1 mg g−1), epicatechin (2.9±0.1 mg g−1), chlorogenic acid (1.6±0.0 mg g−1), gallic acid (0.9±0.0 mg g−1) and rosmarinic acid (0.9±0.2 mg g−1). GC-FID and GCMS analysis of a chloroform extract of aerial parts showed that the main volatile constituents were falcarinol, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid and methyl linoleate (comprising 32.6%; 24.4%; 19.9; 13.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively), while octanoic acid, tetradecanol and dodecanol dominated in the chloroform extract of the roots (34.9%; 25.8%; 22.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively). Investigation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution showed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of aerial parts and roots exerted a significant effect (MIC 3.5–15.6 μg mL−1) against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The methanol extracts of aerial parts or roots exerted moderate ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.

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Synthesis and Biological Activities of Hydroxytyrosol Ester Derivatives

Journal of the chemical society of pakistan ◽

10.52568/000610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 109-109

Author(s):

Hao Zang Hao Zang ◽

Qian Xu Qian Xu ◽

Luyun Zhang Luyun Zhang ◽

Guangqing Xia Guangqing Xia ◽

Jiaming Sun and Junyi Zhu Jiaming Sun and Junyi Zhu

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽

Hydroxyl Group ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Better Than

A series of hydroxytyrosol (HT) derivatives were synthesized by modification of alcohol hydroxyl group of HT, twenty-five target compounds were obtained and characterized by NMR and HRMS. The antioxidant activities of those compounds were evaluated in three different assays. Except 3e and 3y, all other compounds demonstrated significant 2,2and#39;-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) free radical cation scavenging activity ranging from IC50 3.4 to 24.4 μM, which were more potent than L-ascorbic acid (IC50=24.8 μM). Compounds 3b-3d, 3f-3k, 3m-3x were better than Trolox (18.3 M). Moreover, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of all compounds were discovered to be more potent than L-ascorbic acid (40.7 mmol/g), except 3e, all other compounds (141.5-202.1 mmol/g) were better than Trolox (94.7 mmol/g). Compounds 3a-3d, 3f-3j, 3l-3m, 3o, 3q, 3t, 3v-3y exhibited more potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC50=245.1-475.1 M) than L-ascorbic acid (554.4 M) and Trolox (500.4 M). Compounds 3q, 3t and 3y exhibited more potent -Glucosidase inhibition activity (39.1-52.4 M) than Acarbose (60.9 M). Compounds 3a, 3d, 3f-3m, 3s-3t, 3v-3y showed some acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities, compounds 3a, 3d, 3f-3j, 3l-3m, 3o-3p, 3s-3t, 3w showed some butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities.

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