scholarly journals Alterations in Surface Roughness and Chemical Characteristics of Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Titanium Implants after Irradiation with Different Diode Lasers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hak-Ki Kim ◽  
Su-Yeon Park ◽  
Keunbada Son ◽  
Yong-Gun Kim ◽  
Won-Jae Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Diode Lasers ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Probe Microscope ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of diode laser irradiation with different wavelengths on the surface roughness (Ra) and chemical composition of sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium implants. Three types of diode lasers with different wavelengths were irradiated on the titanium implants at output powers of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 W. The mean Ra values for all spots were measured using a scanning probe microscope. Analysis of variance tests were performed to verify the differences in the Ra between groups according to the type of lasers or power out (α = 0.05). For analyzing chemical composition, atomic and weight percent ratios of titanium, oxygen, and carbon were measured using energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The mean Ra of titanium disc was higher in the 3.0-W output than in 1.0-W or 2.0-W output, but there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). In EDS analysis, it was difficult to find a clear difference in the titanium, oxygen, and carbon element ratios between the laser-irradiated and nonirradiated groups. The irradiation of diode laser with 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 W output for 15 s decontaminated the SLA titanium surface without damage. However, additional clinical trials will be needed to verify the results of the present study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of 660-nm and 810-nm Low-Level Diode Lasers on the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Narges Naghsh ◽  
Mahdi Kachuie ◽  
Marzie Kachuie ◽  
Reza Birang
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Diode Lasers ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Laser Group

Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity is a common oral problem that occurs as a short and sharp pain. There are many techniques to treat this condition, the latest of which is laser treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two types of low-power diode lasers (660 nm and 810 nm) on dentin hypersensitivity in order to achieve an acceptable clinical application by adjusting the effective parameters. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind clinical trial, sensitive teeth of 7 patients were divided into three groups with a randomized matching method: group I, treated with 660-nm diode laser irradiation, group II, treated with diode laser 810-nm, and group III, the control group. Irradiation parameters for 660-nm and 810-nm diode lasers were the power of 30 mW and 100 mW respectively, in contact and continuous modes, perpendicular to the tooth surface with a sweeping motion. Treatments were carried out in four sessions at weekly intervals. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS 22, using one-way repeated measures ANOVA and the LSD (least significant difference) test. The significance level was considered as P≤0.05. Results: There were no significant differences in visual analogue scale (VAS) score changes between the two laser groups after the intervention in the first, second and third weeks compared to the baseline (P>0.05). These changes in the fourth week were significantly higher in the 810-nm laser group compared to the 660-nm laser group (P=0.04), and in the 660-nm laser group, they were more than the control group (P=0.02). The mean VAS scores at 1-week, 1-month and 2-month postoperative intervals were significantly lower in the 810-nm laser group than in the 660-nm laser group, and in the 660-nm laser group, they were less than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of 660-nm and 810-nm diode lasers with the power of 30 and 100 mW respectively for 120 seconds was effective in reducing pain in patients with dentin hypersensitivity. However, the effect of the 810-nm laser on reducing the dentin hypersensitivity was more long-lasting than that of the 660-nm laser.

Micropulsed diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in recurrent pediatric glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M Elhefney ◽  
Tharwat H Mokbel ◽  
Sherein M Hagras ◽  
Ahmed A AlNagdy ◽  
Adel A Ellayeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Pediatric Glaucoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diode Laser Cyclophotocoagulation

Purpose: To evaluate the intermediate-term efficacy and safety of micropulsed diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in recurrent pediatric glaucoma. Patients and Methods: A prospective interventional study included children <16 years old diagnosed with recurrent glaucoma, attending Mansoura University, during the period from July 2017 to November 2017. Micropulsed diode laser sessions were performed in all the cases. The main outcome was the intraocular pressure reduction with monitoring of complications as secondary outcome. The mean follow-up period was 15.08 ± 1.1 (mean: 12–16) months. Results: A total of 36 eyes of 29 patients were included (62% males) with median age of 24 months. Primary congenital glaucoma represented 47.2% of the initial diagnoses. At the 15th month, the mean intraocular pressure dropped significantly from 37.5 ± 11.3 mmHg at baseline to 20.03 ± 2.7 mmHg (p < 0.001) with 37.15% reduction. The mean number of glaucoma medications decreased significantly from 2.6 ± 0.5 pretreatment to 1.7 ± 0.6 at the 15th month (p < 0.001). A total of 24 eyes (66.7%) required second session of treatment with mean number of 1.7 ± 0.5 sessions per eye. The cumulative probability of qualified success was 69.4%, 58.3%, 52.8%, 47.2%, and 41.7% at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 15 months after treatment. Qualified success was achieved in 61% at 15 months without statistically significant difference between the initial diagnoses (p = 0.61). None of the eyes developed any major ocular complications throughout the follow-up period. Conclusion: Micropulsed diode laser was proved to be a safe approach with relative effectiveness in controlling intraocular pressure in children with recurrent glaucoma.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of corn silage produced by scientific studies in Brazil - A meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagiel Bernardi Zardin ◽  
João Pedro Velho ◽  
Clóves Cabreira Jobim ◽  
Dileta Regina Moro Alessio ◽  
Ione Maria Pereira Haygert-Velho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
High Level

The objective of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis that compared the chemical composition of corn silage produced for different experimental purposes, i.e., by research groups that studied corn silage (SCS) or by research groups that only used corn silage (UCS) as a form of roughage. We analyzed 203 papers that were published between January 1994 and December 2014 and contained a total of 647 treatments and the analysis of 1701 silos. We found a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the dry matter (DM) content of SCS silage (33.00%) and that of UCS silage (30.64%). The DM contents of neutral detergent fiber for the SCS and UCS silage were high (54.72 and 55.14% DM, respectively) but were not significantly different from one another (P = 0.5936), and the acid detergent fiber content of the UCS silage (31.04% DM) was higher than that of the SCS silage (29.65%, P = 0.0214), which indicated that the UCS silage was less digestible than the SCS silage. This was also corroborated (P = 0.0064) by the mean content of total digestible nutrients (64.18% DM) in the UCS silage, which likely results from the lower level of care taken when using standard silage production methods, compared to that taken by SCS researchers. Therefore, we concluded that the corn silage produced by research groups in Brazil are not analyzed in full and that, as a result, there is a paucity of important information, such as the content of organic acids. In addition, we also found that corn silage produced in Brazil contains a high level of neutral detergent fiber.

Calcium Phosphate Ceramic Blasting on Titanium Surface Improve Bone Ingrowth

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1351-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Goyenvalle ◽  
Eric Aguado ◽  
Ronan Cognet ◽  
Xavier Bourges ◽  
G. Daculsi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Ceramic ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Roughened Surface

Surface roughness modulates the osseointegration of orthopaedic and dental titanium implants. High surface roughness is currently obtained by blasting of titanium implants with silica or aluminium abrasive particles. This process includes into the surface abrasive particles and may cause the release of cytotoxic silica or aluminium ions in the peri implant tissue. To overcome this drawback, we currently develop an innovative gridblasting process using Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) particles (RBBM Resorbable and Biocompatible Blast Media) to generate biocompatible roughened titanium surface. This work present the technique of blasting using RBBM particles to provide a roughened surface which does not release cytotoxic elements and (ii) to assess the effects of such a roughened surface for bone osteointegration in critical size rabbit defect. Our results demonstrate that resorbable biphasic calcium phosphate abrasive particles can be used to create titanium surface roughness. This grid blasting process increases surface roughness of titanium implants and offers a non cytotoxic surface for rapid and efficient osteointegration.

Surface Characteristics, Chemical Composition and Ni Release of NiTi Wire in Different pH

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 586-592
Author(s):  
Peerapong Tua-Ngam ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Niti Wire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Niti Wires ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Objective: To study the surface characteristics, chemical composition and Ni release from simulated standard fixed orthodontic appliance ligated with two differently priced nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires in artificial saliva at pH 5.14 and 6.69 for 4 weeks at 37oC. Materials and Methods: Two commercial NiTi rectangular wire (Ormco and Smart), 0.016 x 0.022 in size were studied. Their surface characteristics were evaluated: surface morphology by scanning electron microscope, surface roughness by surface roughness tester and grain structure analysis by optical microscope. Their chemical composition was analyzed by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDC). For Ni release, twenty-eight simulated standard fixed orthodontic appliance samples sets, each set corresponding to one half-maxillary arch were used. Sample sets were divided in 2 groups (14 sets per group). The first group was ligated with Ormco NiTi archwires (USA) and the second with Smart NiTi archwires (China) with elastomeric ligatures. Half sets of each group were immersed in 50 ml artificial saliva at pH 5.14, and the other half at pH 6.69. Ni release was quantified with the use of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis of variance was determined on days 1, 4, 7, 9, 14, 21 and 28 comparing Ni release between the groups and t-test was determined the difference between pH 5.14 and pH 6.69. Results: The suface morphology showed striations along the longitudinal axes. The Ormco NiTi wire had more surface roughness than Smart NiTi wire and the diameter of grain sizes were 2-8 μm. The chemical composition of the two NiTi wires was Ni, Ti, Cu, Al, and Cr but there was difference in the percentage of elements. Both Ormco NiTi and Smart NiTi wires continuously increased Ni release at time intervals at both pH levels. The Ormco NiTi wire had more Ni release at pH 6.69 than pH 5.14 but Smart NiTi wire had more Ni release at pH 5.14 than 6.69. At 4 weeks, the Ni release of one half-maxillary arch was 1.221 ppm (1221 μg/l) at pH 5.14, 1.267 ppm (1267 μg/l) at pH6.69 for Ormco NiTi wire and 2.175 ppm (2175 μg/l) at pH 5.14, 0.676 ppm (676 μg/l) at pH 6.69 for Smart NiTi wire. No significant difference was found in Ni release from Ormco and Smart NiTi wires at pH 5.14. At pH 6.69, no significant difference was found in Ni release from Ormco NiTi wires while Smart NiTi wire showed significant difference (p <0.05) on days 14, 21 and 28. Conclusion: Ni release depends on surface characteristics and chemical composition of archwires and pH.

Effect of Surface Roughness on Matching Properties between Ceramic Framework and Coating-Glass for Dental Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1603-1605
Author(s):  
Ji Hua Chen ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Zhi Hao Jin ◽  
Ji Qiang Gao ◽  
San Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ceramic Substrate ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Matching Procedure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anchoring Strength ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Effect Of Surface

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of surface roughness on anchoring strength between ceramic and coating glass. Commercial Vita alpha glass-ceramic was selected as the coating glass, while the zirconia/alumina (Z/A) composite as the substrate. Anchoring strength between substrate and coating-glass was tested, and microstructure of the junction was also observed. From the experiments we can find the following results. There was significant difference in the mean strength of different surface roughness groups and HF acid-etching also had a favorable effect on matching properties. The highest amount of anchoring strength was occurred at the high scope of roughness after HF acid-etching and surface roughness will also affect the microstructure of the junction. Therefore, we can draw the conclusions that with the limit of this research, roughness will influence matching properties between ceramic substrate and coating-glass, while hydrofluoric acid etching was also suggested in the matching procedure. Testing matching properties between ceramic substrate and coating-glass should consider the influence of surface roughness.

The Effects of a Static Magnetic Field on Bone Formation Around a Sandblasted, Large-Grit, Acid-Etched–Treated Titanium Implant

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (S1) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Leesungbok ◽  
Su-Jin Ahn ◽  
Suk-Won Lee ◽  
Geon-Ho Park ◽  
Joo-Sung Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Neodymium Magnet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to compare the bone formation around commercial sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA)–treated titanium implants with or without a neodymium magnet in a rabbit tibia through histomorphometric analysis. Commercial SLA-treated implants with or without neodymium magnets were placed in 10 rabbits. After incising the flat part of the rabbit's tibia and installation of the specimens of titanium implants, the nonmagnet group was stitched without magnet insertion. On the other hand, the magnet group was inserted with neodymium magnet, fixed with pattern resin, and stitched. At 3 and 6 weeks after surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and the specimens were obtained. Undecalcified specimens were prepared for histomorphometric analysis of the bone-to-implant contact ratio (BIC) and bone volume (BV). The histomorphometric findings of the cortical bone showed that the mean BVs of the magnet group (3 weeks, 75.99%; 6 weeks, 82.94%) were higher than those of the nonmagnet group (3 weeks, 74.58%; 6 weeks, 78.75%), but there were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P &gt; .05). In the marrow bone, the mean BICs of the magnet group (3 weeks, 10.36%; 6 weeks, 10.41%) were higher than those of the nonmagnet group (3 weeks, 6.41%; 6 weeks, 7.36%). After 3 weeks of installation, there was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P &lt; .05). In rabbit tibia, the SLA-treated titanium implants with a neodymium magnet can trigger faster early peri-implant bone formation than those without a magnet.

The Effect of Age of Titanium Dental Implants on Implant Survival and Marginal Bone Resorption: A 5-Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-479
Author(s):  
Levent Cigerim ◽  
Volkan Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Implant Survival ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

It has been demonstrated that the osteoconductivity, hydrophilicity, and biological capacity of titanium decreases over time, and this phenomenon was described as the biological aging of titanium. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the age of sand-blasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium dental implants (duration from the production date until the date of dental implant surgery) affects marginal bone resorption and implant survival. This nonrandom convenience-sample retrospective pilot study was carried out in 200 implants of 64 patients. Radiographic measurements were performed on intraoral periapical radiographs. Implants were divided into 2 age groups; group 1 = 0–3 months and group 2 = 36–41 months. A P value &lt; .05 was considered statistically significant. Of the implants, 41% (n = 82) were between 0 and 3 months old, and 59% (n = 118) were between 36 and 41 months old. All (n = 200) of the implants survived and maintained their function. The mean mesial marginal resorption measurement was 0.60 ± 0.65 mm, and the mean distal marginal resorption was 0.77 ± 1.07 mm. There was no statistically significant difference between the amount of mesial and distal marginal bone resorption according to implant age (P &gt; .05). In SLA surface titanium implants with adequate initial primary stability and a 3-month osseointegration period before loading, biological aging of titanium did not affect implant survival and marginal bone resorption.

Surface Roughness on the Slots and Wings of Various Ceramic Self-Ligating Brackets and their Potential Concern on Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
Ki-Ho Park ◽  
Se Jik Han ◽  
Samjin Choi ◽  
Kyung Sook Kim ◽  
Steven Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Materials

Objective: The surface roughness of various orthodontic materials could affect biofilm formation and friction. The purpose of this study was to examine the surface roughness and chemical composition of the slots and wings of several ceramic self-ligating brackets. Study design: Four types of ceramic self-ligating brackets were separated into experimental groups (DC, EC, IC, and QK) while a metal self-ligating bracket (EM) was used as the control group. Atomic force microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscope were used to examine the surface roughness and chemical composition of each bracket slot and wing. Results: The control group was made of ferrum and chrome while all the experimental groups were comprised of aluminum and oxide. There was a statistically significant difference in the roughness average (Sa) among the various self-ligating brackets (p&lt; 0.001 in slots and p&lt;0.01 in the wing). The slots in the EC group had the lowest Sa, followed by the DC, IC, control, and QK groups. The wings in the IC group had the lowest Sa, followed by the EC, DC, control, and QK groups. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in the surface roughness of the slots and wings among several types of ceramic self-ligating brackets.

Improving the surface energy of titanium implants by the creation of hierarchical textures on the surface via three-dimensional elliptical vibration turning for enhanced osseointegration

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Ali Sajjady ◽  
Mohammad Lotfi ◽  
Saeid Amini ◽  
Hamidreza Toutounchi ◽  
Alireza Bagheri Bami
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Surface Hydrophilicity ◽  
Elliptical Vibration ◽  
Water Drops ◽  
Lower Contact

An increase in bone-implant contact and an increase in surface hydrophilicity are the two important factors involved in improving osseointegration. Therefore, three-dimensional elliptical vibration turning method is applied to increase the hydrophilicity of titanium surface by the generation of hierarchical nano- and micro-textures. That being the case, face turning process at different cutting conditions is carried out in this research. Surface roughness and the contact angle of water drops with machined surfaces were selected to be measured for the analysis of surface hydrophilicity. The results show that an additional surface area can be achieved by the generation of micro- or nano-textures, resulting in a lower contact angle. Furthermore, intermittent movement of cutting tool in vibration cutting causes the process to be more stable, achieving the desired range of surface roughness.

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