Mechanical Properties and Flexural Behavior of Sustainable Bamboo Fiber-Reinforced Mortar

In this study, a sustainable mortar mixture is developed using renewable by-products for the enhancement of mechanical properties and fracture behavior. A high-volume of fly ash—a by-product of coal combustion—is used to replace Portland cement while waste by-products from the production of engineered bamboo composite materials are used to obtain bamboo fibers and to improve the fracture toughness of the mixture. The bamboo process waste was ground and size-fractioned by sieving. Several mixes containing different amounts of fibers were prepared for mechanical and fracture toughness assessment, evaluated via bending tests. The addition of bamboo fibers showed insignificant losses of strength, resulting in mixtures with compressive strengths of 55 MPa and above. The bamboo fibers were able to control crack propagation and showed improved crack-bridging effects with higher fiber volumes, resulting in a strain-softening behavior and mixture with higher toughness. The results of this study show that the developed bamboo fiber-reinforced mortar mixture is a promising sustainable and affordable construction material with enhanced mechanical properties and fracture toughness with the potential to be used in different structural applications, especially in developing countries.

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Mechanical Properties of High-Volume Fly Ash Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite (HVFA-SHCC) for Structural Application

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12162607 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 2607 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chenhua Jin ◽

Chang Wu ◽

Chengcheng Feng ◽

Qingfang Zhang ◽

Ziheng Shangguan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Strain Hardening ◽

Construction Material ◽

High Volume ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Cementitious Composite ◽

Multiple Cracking ◽

High Volume Fly Ash ◽

Structural Applications

Strain-hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) is a kind of construction material that exhibits multiple cracking and strain-hardening behaviors. The partial replacement of cement with fly ash is beneficial to the formation of the tensile strain-hardening property of SHCC, the increase of environmental greenness, and the decrease of hydration heat, as well as the material cost. This study aimed to develop a sustainable construction material using a high dosage of fly ash (no less than 70% of the binder material by weight). Based on the micromechanics analysis and particle size distribution (PSD) optimization, six mixes with different fly ash to cement ratios (2.4–4.4) were designed. The mechanical properties of the developed high-volume fly ash SHCCs (HVFA-SHCCs) were investigated through tensile tests, compressive tests, and flexural tests. Test results showed that all specimens exhibited multiple cracking and strain-hardening behaviors under tension or bending, and the compressive strength of the designed mixes exceeded 30MPa at 28 days, which is suitable for structural applications. Fly ash proved to be beneficial in the improvement of tensile and flexural ductility, but an extremely high volume of fly ash can provide only limited improvement. The HVFA-SHCC mix FA3.2 (with fly ash to binder ratio of about 76% by weight) designed in this study is suggested for structural applications.

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Investigation on Improvement of Flexural Behavior of Low-Density Cellular Concrete through Fiber Reinforcement for Non-Structural Applications

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198119853547 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2673 (10) ◽

pp. 641-651

Author(s):

Arman Abdigaliyev ◽

Jiong Hu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Construction Material ◽

Flexural Behavior ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Low Density ◽

Hybrid Fibers ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Cellular Concrete

During the last decades, cellular lightweight concrete (CLC), or foamed concrete, has been experiencing greater interest in geotechnical, structural, and non-structural applications. The low density and high flowability makes it a favorable construction material in relation to handling, placing, and construction costs. However, the applications of low-density cellular concrete (LDCC), the category of CLC with a unit weight less than 50 pounds per cubic foot (801 kg/m3) and generally without fine aggregates, are limited mostly to backfill applications in geotechnical engineering. The main reason lies in the brittleness of the material and low to zero resistance to flexural loads. Fiber-reinforced LDCC may be a reasonable solution to improve mechanical properties and expand the application range of the material. This study investigated the effects of adding polypropylene and hybrid fibers on physical and mechanical properties of LDCC and the feasibility of expanding LDCC utilization to non-structural applications. Results showed that although there is a slight reduction of flowability and compressive strength, the flexural behavior of LDCC can be significantly improved with the incorporation of fibers. The flexural strength and flexural toughness of LDCC was found to increase from 26.8 pounds per square inch (psi) (0.18 MPa) to 217.5 psi (1.48 MPa), and from 5.67 lb-in. (0.64 kN-mm) to 292 lb-in. (33.0 kN-mm) respectively at a 1.0% addition rate of a fibrillated polypropylene fiber selected in this study, which makes it a feasible material for non-structural applications.

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Mechanical Properties and Durability of Bamboo Fibers/Bamboo-Fiber-Mixed Spray Mortar for Slope Protection

10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Kazuo Fujiyoshi ◽

Takao Ueda ◽

Hitoshi Takagi ◽

Masayuki Tsukagoshi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Adhesion Strength ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Vital Role ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Freezing And Thawing ◽

Base Surface ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Bamboo Fibers

Conventionally, short fibers such as steel and synthetic fibers have been mixed into spray mortar used for slope protection to enhance resistance against cracking and durability. However, in the quest of higher performance fiber-reinforced mortar with reduced impact on the environment, natural fibers such as bamboo fibers may play a vital role. Thus, the tensile strength and the bond strength of bamboo fibers used for spray mortar were examined by laboratory tests. The mechanical properties of bamboo-fiber-reinforced spray mortar were examined under cyclic wet and dry conditions along with its resistance against freezing and thawing by a spray test. It was confirmed that 0.75% mixture of bamboo fibers in spray mortar successfully improved mechanical properties and durability. These include adhesion strength to the base surface following exposure to cyclic wet/dry conditions and overall resistance against freezing/thawing. Moreover, higher compressive strength, flexural toughness and adhesion strength to the base surface were achieved by further mixing in vinylon fibers or fly ash in addition to bamboo fibers.

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Bamboo Fibers, Fabrication of Bamboo Fiber reinforced Composites, and their Mechanical Properties- A Review

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research ◽

10.30534/ijeter/2020/24862020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2346-2359

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽

Reinforced Composites ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Bamboo Fibers

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Characterization of interfaces in CVD-coated nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100154755 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 556-557

Author(s):

K.L. More ◽

R.A. Lowden

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Fracture Toughness ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Chemical Vapor Infiltration ◽

Frictional Stress ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Pull Out ◽

Carbon Coated ◽

Fiber Matrix

The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites are directly related to the nature of the fiber-matrix bond. Fracture toughness is improved when debonding, crack deflection, and fiber pull-out occur which in turn depend on a weak interfacial bond. The interfacial characteristics of fiber-reinforced ceramics can be altered by applying thin coatings to the fibers prior to composite fabrication. In a previous study, Lowden and co-workers coated Nicalon fibers (Nippon Carbon Company) with silicon and carbon prior to chemical vapor infiltration with SiC and determined the influence of interfacial frictional stress on fracture phenomena. They found that the silicon-coated Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC had low flexure strengths and brittle fracture whereas the composites containing carbon coated fibers exhibited improved strength and fracture toughness. In this study, coatings of boron or BN were applied to Nicalon fibers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and the fibers were subsequently incorporated in a SiC matrix. The fiber-matrix interfaces were characterized using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). Mechanical properties were determined and compared to those obtained for uncoated Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC.

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Effect on high volume fly ash on mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete

Materials and Structures ◽

10.1617/13978 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 37 (269) ◽

pp. 318-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

O. Kayali

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Fly Ash ◽

High Volume ◽

Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

High Volume Fly Ash

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Effect of Ceramic Fillers on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Comparative Study

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.1031 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 123-125 ◽

pp. 1031-1034 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sandhyarani Biswas ◽

Alok Satapathy ◽

Amar Patnaik

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Silicon Carbide ◽

Red Mud ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Void Content ◽

Filler Materials ◽

Fiber Reinforced

In order to obtain the favoured material properties for a particular application, it is important to know how the material performance changes with the filler content under given loading conditions. In this study, a series of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites are fabricated using conventional filler (aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and silicon carbide (SiC) and industrial wastes (red mud and copper slag) particles as filler materials. By incorporating the chosen particulate fillers into the bamboo-fiber reinforced epoxy, synergistic effects, as expected are achieved in the form of modified mechanical properties. Inclusion of fiber in neat epoxy improved the load bearing capacity (tensile strength) and the ability to withstand bending (flexural strength) of the composites. But with the incorporation of particulate fillers, the tensile strengths of the composites are found to be decreasing in most of the cases. Among the particulate filled bamboo-epoxy composites, least value of void content are recorded for composites with silicon carbide filling and for the composites with glass fiber reinforcement minimum void fraction is noted for red mud filling. The effects of these four different ceramics on the mechanical properties of bamboo- epoxy composites are investigated and the conclusions drawn from the above investigation are discussed.

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Performance of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Composites: Mechanical Properties

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.879.284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 879 ◽

pp. 284-293

Author(s):

Norliana Bakar ◽

Siew Choo Chin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Vinyl Ester ◽

Fiber Volume Fraction ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Bamboo Fiber ◽

Synthetic Fiber ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Fiber Volume ◽

Volume Fractions

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) made from synthetic fiber had been widely used for strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in the past decades. Due to its high cost, detrimental to the environment and human health, natural fiber composites becoming the current alternatives towards a green and environmental friendly material. This paper presents an investigation on the mechanical properties of bamboo fiber reinforced composite (BFRC) with different types of resins. The BFRC specimens were prepared by hand lay-up method using epoxy and vinyl-ester resins. Bamboo fiber volume fractions, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% was experimentally investigated by conducting tensile and flexural test, respectively. Results showed that the tensile and flexural strength of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composite (BFREC) was 63.2% greater than the bamboo fiber reinforced vinyl-ester composite (BFRVC). It was found that 45% of bamboo fiber volume fraction on BFREC exhibited the highest tensile strength compared to other BFRECs. Meanwhile, 40% bamboo fiber volume fraction of BFRVC showed the highest tensile strength between bamboo fiber volume fractions for BFRC using vinyl-ester resin. Studies showed that epoxy-based BFRC exhibited excellent results compared to the vinyl-ester-based composite. Further studies are required on using BFRC epoxy-based composite in various structural applications and strengthening purposes.

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