scholarly journals Calligraphy Brush Trajectory Control of by a Robotic Arm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8694
Author(s):  
Hsien-I Lin ◽  
Xuechao Chen ◽  
Tian-Tsai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Transformation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Trajectory Control ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Bézier Curves ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Trajectory Model ◽  
Outer Frame ◽  
The Relationship

This study proposed a calligraphy brush trajectory model for the behavior of brush movements and provided the three-dimensional handle coordinates for a robotic arm to write calligraphy. This study dealt with basic footprints and bent lines of calligraphy and proceeded as follows. The shape of brush footprints on paper was measured, which provided the positions of the brush relative to its handle. These brush footprints were scanned and corrected for skew using the Direct Linear Transformation. The outer frame of each basic footprint was characterized using Bézier curves. Bent lines were drawn to derive the brush trajectory model, and it was used to derive the relationship between the trajectories of the brush and handle. By characterizing the changes in the footprints with handle displacement, we obtained the relationship between the handle coordinates and the position and shape of the brush footprints. The written characters were evaluated based on their size, position, and stroke balance, with a maximum score of 100 in each category. The average score of the “Yong” character written using our brush trajectory model was approximately 94 points; when the handle coordinates were fixed to the center of each footprint, the average score was only 88 points.

scholarly journals Analisis Penguasaan Konsep dan Kesulitan Siswa pada Materi Teori Kinetik Gas

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Mimi Rohazal Yaumi ◽  
Sutopo Sutopo ◽  
Siti Zulaikah
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Kinetic Theory Of Gases ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Ideal Gas Law ◽  
Ideal Gases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Particles

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> The purpose of this study was to analysed conceptual understanding and difficulties (misconceptions) of students in the kinetic theory of gases. Test consisted of 9 reasoned multiple choice questions administered after students study the material. From the results of the study, students get an average score of 7.1 from maximum score of 9. Students have mastered the concept of the relationship between ideal gas state quantities (pressure, volume, temperature) and kinetic energy of ideal gases. However, students still have difficulty in determining internal energy if the number of particles changing, the average speed of ideal gases, and the application of ideal gas law to the circulatory phenomena in the heart.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penguasaan konsep dan kesulitan (miskonsepsi) siswa pada materi teori kinetik gas. Soal tes terdiri dari sembilan soal pilihan ganda beralasan yang diberikan setelah siswa mempelajari materi tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian, siswa mendapatkan skor rata-rata 7,1 dari skor maksimal 9. Siswa telah menguasai konsep hubungan antar besaran keadaan gas ideal (tekanan, volume, suhu) dan energi kinetic gas ideal. Namun, siswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan energi internal dengan jumlah partikel gas yang berubah, kelajuan rata-rata gas ideal, dan aplikasi persamaan keadaan gas pada fenomena peredaran darah di jantung.

PERANAN ANGGOTA KELOMPOK TANI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI DESA KOROBHERA KECAMATAN MEGGO KABUPATEN SIKKA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Toncerius M. Lesu ◽  
S.P.N. Nainiti ◽  
Serman Nikolaus
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Central Production ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Farmer Groups

The aim of this research is to find out how big the role of the farmer group members in increasing rice production at Korobhera Village, Meggo Subdistrict, Sikka District. The research has been done on April to May 2019. This is a qualitative study with purposive sampling considering the site was one of rice central production. The objectives of the study were to know : 1) how big the role of the farmer group members to productivity increasing in the area of research ; 2) the constraints faced by the members of the farmer group. Sample was done randomly using simple random sampling method with a total sample size of 50 people, who were the members of four farmer groups existed. The results of research indicated that the role of farmer group members in increasing rice production at the location of research was high, shown by the percentage of the accomplishment maximum score from average score in the amount of 75,65% (average score 87). The constraints faced by members of farmer group were quite similar, which were financial capital limits problem, uncaged livestocks and the availability of production tools was often not on time.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Single Droplet Splashing on Liquid Film by Coupling FVM with VOF

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Yuzhen Jin ◽  
Huang Zhou ◽  
Linhang Zhu ◽  
Zeqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Weber Number ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Single Droplet ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
The Relationship

A three-dimensional numerical study of a single droplet splashing vertically on a liquid film is presented. The numerical method is based on the finite volume method (FVM) of Navier–Stokes equations coupled with the volume of fluid (VOF) method, and the adaptive local mesh refinement technology is adopted. It enables the liquid–gas interface to be tracked more accurately, and to be less computationally expensive. The relationship between the diameter of the free rim, the height of the crown with different numbers of collision Weber, and the thickness of the liquid film is explored. The results indicate that the crown height increases as the Weber number increases, and the diameter of the crown rim is inversely proportional to the collision Weber number. It can also be concluded that the dimensionless height of the crown decreases with the increase in the thickness of the dimensionless liquid film, which has little effect on the diameter of the crown rim during its growth.

scholarly journals A Field Measurement Based Wind Characteristics Analysis of a Typhoon in Near-Ground Boundary Layer

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Dandan Xia ◽  
Liming Dai ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Huaifeng Wang ◽  
Haitao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Gust Factor ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Wind Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The field measurement was conducted to observe the wind field data of West Pacific typhoon “Maria” in this research. With the application of ultrasonic anemometers installed in different heights (10 m, 80 m, 100 m) of the tower, the three dimensional wind speed data of typhoon “Maria” was acquired. In addition, vane-type anemometers were installed to validate the accuracy of the wind data from ultrasonic anemometers. Wind characteristics such as the mean wind profile, turbulence intensity, integral length scale, and wind spectrum are studied in detail using the collected wind data. The relationship between the gust factor and turbulence intensity was also studied and compared with the existing literature to demonstrate the characteristics of Maria. The statistical characteristics of the turbulence intensity and gust factor are presented. The corresponding conclusion remarks are expected to provide a useful reference for designing wind-resistant buildings and structures.

scholarly journals Monomial codes seen as invariant subspaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1099-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Isabel García-Planas ◽  
Maria Dolors Magret ◽  
Laurence Emilie Um
Keyword(s):  
Finite Field ◽  
Linear Algebra ◽  
Linear Transformation ◽  
Cyclic Codes ◽  
Invariant Subspaces ◽  
Hyperinvariant Subspaces ◽  
Computationally Expensive ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract It is well known that cyclic codes are very useful because of their applications, since they are not computationally expensive and encoding can be easily implemented. The relationship between cyclic codes and invariant subspaces is also well known. In this paper a generalization of this relationship is presented between monomial codes over a finite field 𝔽 and hyperinvariant subspaces of 𝔽n under an appropriate linear transformation. Using techniques of Linear Algebra it is possible to deduce certain properties for this particular type of codes, generalizing known results on cyclic codes.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional relationships between tumor cells and microcirculation with double cyanine immunolabeling, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and computer-assisted reconstruction: an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Rummelt ◽  
L M Gardner ◽  
R Folberg ◽  
S Beck ◽  
B Knosp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Tumor Blood Vessels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the microcirculation of uveal melanomas is a reliable market of tumor progression. Scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations can generate three-dimensional views of these vascular patterns, but this technique sacrifices the tumor parenchyma. Formalin-fixed wet tissue sections 100-150 microns thick from uveal melanomas were stained with the lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEAI) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to demonstrate simultaneously the tumor blood vessels and proliferating tumor cells. Indocarbocyanine (Cy3) was used as a fluorophore for UEAI and indodicarbocyanine (Cy5) was used for PCNA. Double labeled sections were examined with a laser scanning confocal microscope. Images of both stains were digitized at the same 5-microns intervals and each of the two images per interval was combined digitally to form one image. These combined images were visualized through voxel processing to study the relationship between melanoma cells expressing PCNA and various microcirculatory patterns. This technique produces images comparable to scanning electron microscopy of cast corrosion preparations while permitting simultaneous localization of melanoma cells expressing PCNA. The microcirculatory tree can be viewed from any perspective and the relationship between tumor cells and the tumor blood vessels can be studied concurrently in three dimensions. This technique is an alternative to cast corrosion preparations.

A Research on the Morphology and Composition of Flocs (Part 1: Floc Breaage Disregarded)

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1566-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Qiang Ding ◽  
Qing Na Li ◽  
Xin Rong Pang ◽  
Ji Run Xu
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Suspension Viscosity ◽  
Primary Particles ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Three Dimensional Space ◽  
Floc Breakage

The characteristics of flocs aggregated in flocculation have been paid more and more attention for a long time. In this paper, a new classification and analyses method dealing with the flocs is developed. The flocs formed after flocculation is divided into four kinds, including the left primary particles, linear flocs with all component particles in a line, planar flocs with all component particles on a plane and volumetric flocs with all component particles in a three-dimensional space. By analyzing the formation approaches of different kind of flocs regardless of the floc breakage, the number of every kind of floc is analyzed to be related with the suspension concentration mathematically. After comparing the different items in the models describing the relationship of floc number and concentration, a series of simplified expressions are presented. Lastly, a mathematical equation relating the measurable suspension viscosity with the numbers of different flocs is obtained.

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