scholarly journals Cognitive Pervasive Service Composition Applied to Predatory Crime Deterrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Félix Francisco Ramos Corchado ◽  
Alan Christian López Fraga ◽  
Rafael Salazar Salazar ◽  
Marco Antonio Ramos Corchado ◽  
Ofelia Begovich Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Service Composition ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Pervasive Service ◽  
Composite Services ◽  
Street Robbery ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Crime Deterrence

Pervasive service composition is useful in many scenarios, for instance, in urban planning or controlled harvest. Currently, there is no standard to develop solutions using pervasive service composition. However, big companies propose their frameworks to develop complex services, but their frameworks are appropriate in specific applications, such as home automation and agriculture. On the other hand, there are different very well-grounded academic proposals for pervasive service composition. However, these do not solve the problems of traditional approaches that are appropriate to specific areas of application, and adaptation is needed to deal with the dynamism of the environment. This article presents a cognitive approach for pervasive service composition where InfoCom devices and the implementation of cognitive functions interact to create pervasive composite services. Our central hypothesis is that cognitive theory can help solve actual problems requiring pervasive service composition, as it addresses the above-mentioned problems. To test our approach, in this article we present a case of urban insecurity. Specifically, in different countries, street robbery using firearms is one of the problems with a high impact because of its frequency. This article proposes to compose a pervasive service for deterring criminals from committing their crimes. The results obtained by simulating our proposal in our case study are promising. However, more research needs to be achieved before applying the proposed approach to actual problems. The research needed ought to address various problems, some of which are discussed in this article.

WS-SIM: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Service Composition

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 1304-1308
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Web Service ◽  
Service Composition ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Service Selection ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Web Service Selection ◽  
Composite Services ◽  
Selection Algorithms

Web service has been rapidly developed in recent years. Web service selection is an important issue in web service composition and lots of service selection algorithms have been presented. As lots of them select an atomic service during runtime, it is not an easy task to evaluate the quality of the composited service which composed of several atomic services. In this work we introduce WS-SIM, a simulation toolkit, to solve this problem. WS-SIM supports modeling and simulating composite services and atomic services in the real world. This system also provides many common service selection algorithms and researchers can custom their own service selection algorithm for a simulation experiment. The quality of composite services can also be generated by our system. Furthermore, to demonstrate suitability of the WS-SIM, in this paper, functionalities of our system are illustrated by a case study. This confirms the usability and the applicability of WS-SIM.

Breaking the Shackles of Gender Stereotyping to Create New Norms: The Case of Zimbabwean Migrant Women in Mthatha Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanction Madambi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Gender Stereotyping ◽  
Personal Agency ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Recent Case Study ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The migration of Zimbabweans into South Africa is shaped by several factors and processes. Traditionally, the decision to migrate was mostly based on family considerations (where gender stereotypic roles were a priority), although in some cases the migrants exercised individualism and personal agency. This led to migration trends that were male dominated. Current Zimbabwean migration trends reflect large volumes of women as the socio-economic crisis forces them to leave their country. These migrant women encounter a myriad of challenges in their host countries. This paper explores Zimbabwean women’s migration to the town of Mthatha in South Africa, highlighting their challenges and the strategies they employ to overcome these, as found in a recent case study. Applying a qualitative research design and using questionnaires and interviews to gather data from the 100 purposively sampled women, the study found that many Zimbabwean migrant women in Mthatha encountered numerous challenges. They lacked the required documents to live and work in South Africa, experienced exploitation and marriage constraints, and had broken ties with their families back in Zimbabwe. According to the study, these women managed to navigate these challenges, rising above the stereotypic norms and values that used to label them as non-productive citizens to superheroes who were supporting their families and the country’s economy—thus breaking the shackles of gender stereotyping to create new norms. These findings underline the importance of shifting from the traditional approaches to women migration and pursuing perspectives that present migration as a critical component of the process of social change and development to all migrants.

scholarly journals THE RAILWAY NETWORK AND THE PROCESS OF POPULATION CONCENTRATION IN SPAIN, 1900-2001

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Franch-Auladell ◽  
Mateu Morillas-Torné ◽  
Jordi Martí-Henneberg
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Municipal Level

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a methodology for quantifying the territorial impact on population distribution of the railway. The central hypothesis is that access to railway services provides the best-connected areas with a long-term comparative advantage over others that are less accessible. Carrying out a historical analysis and providing comparable data at the municipal level allows us to determine the extent to which the railway has fostered the concentration of population within its immediate surroundings. The case study presented here is that of Spain between 1900 and 2001, but the same methodology could equally be applied to any other country for which the required data are available. In this case, key data included a Geographic Information System with information about both the development of the railway network and census data relating to total population at the municipal level. The results obtained suggest the relevance of this methodology, which makes it possible to identify the periods and areas in which this influence was most significant.

scholarly journals Dealing with Interval DEA Based on Error Propagation and Entropy: A Case Study of Energy Efficiency of Regions in China Considering Environmental Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Fan ◽  
Weizhen Yue ◽  
Meiqin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Error Propagation ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Exact Data ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Decision Making Units

AbstractThe conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) measures the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) consuming multiple inputs to produce multiple outputs under the assumption that all the data are exact. In the real world, however, it is possible to obtain interval data rather than exact data because of various limitations, such as statistical errors and incomplete information, et al. To overcome those limitations, researchers have proposed kinds of approaches dealing with interval DEA, which either use traditional DEA models by transforming interval data into exact data or get an efficiency interval by using the bound of interval data. In contrast to the traditional approaches above, the paper deals with interval DEA by combining traditional DEA models with error propagation and entropy, uses idea of the modified cross efficiency to get the ultimate cross efficiency of DMUs in the form of error distribution and ranks DMUs using the calculated ultimate cross efficiency by directional distance index. At last we illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method by applying it to measure energy efficiency of regions in China considering environmental factors.

Model predictive control of a CSTR: A hybrid modeling approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kvasnica ◽  
Martin Herceg ◽  
Ľuboš Čirka ◽  
Miroslav Fikar
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Traditional Approaches

AbstractThis paper presents a case study of model predictive control (MPC) applied to a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). It is proposed to approximate nonlinear behavior of a plant by several local linear models, enabling a piecewise affine (PWA) description of the model used to predict and optimize future evolution of the reactor behavior. Main advantage of the PWA model over traditional approaches based on single linearization is a significant increase of model accuracy which leads to a better control quality. It is also illustrated that, by adopting the PWA modeling framework, MPC strategy can be implemented using significantly less computational power compared to nonlinear MPC setups.

scholarly journals Interactive Multi-Sensory Environments for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Zalys
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
The Impact

The emerging of digital technology not only encourages the development of new tools but also changes traditional approaches to solving emerging problems. The sound, music, art, colors, etc. that prevailed in the 20th-century forms of therapy are being replaced by integrated systems that overcome many of these forms, thanks to digital technology. With the increasing number of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the world, such systems provide new opportunities for the treatment of these disorders. In this research, the creation of such a system has been chosen as the object of work. The article presents an interactive tool for the education of children with ASD created by audio, video, and computer technologies and assesses its potential impact. The experimental research and its results are presented. This study aims to evaluate an interactive instrument developed for the education of such children. Following the objectives of ensuring the interactivity of the process, provoking all the perceptions of the subject, and developing the subject's ability to respond to the environment, a personalized audiovisual environment was created. For interactivity, the virtual program EyeCon, Webcam and camcorders, video projector, and speaker system were used. The study was conducted with one subject and a case study method was used. The impact of the instrument was established based on a survey of the parents of the child and the findings of childcare experts. The results of the study demonstrated the positive benefits for this child such as increased eye-to-hand coordination, concentration duration, improved communication, and emotional expression. The results obtained show that such interactive multi-sensory environments in special and general education schools can be a supplemental tool for traditional methods.

الاشتراكُ الدلاليُّ في لفظِ (الرأس)

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
لعبيدي بو عبد الله ◽  
شيماء عبد الله عبد الغفور
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Semantic Domain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Approaches

تُعَدُّ ظاهرةُ الاشتراكِ الدلاليّ ظاهرة مركزية في جميع اللغاتِ الإنسانيّةِ، فهي تستمدُ كينونتها من الهيكل المفاهيمي للإنسان، ومن تفاعل إدراكه مع العالم الخارجي. وقد جاءَتْ هذه الورقة لتقارب ظــاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ إدراكيًّا في المعجم العربي -وفق منهج وصفي تحليلي-، متخذةً من كلمة (الرأس) أنموذجًا. وتهدفُ هذه الدراسة للإجابة عن التساؤلات الآتية: ما البنية الإدراكية الكامنة وراء حدوث ظاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ في ألفاظ أجزاء الجسد عامة وكلمة (رَأْس) خاصةً؟ وما الحقول الدلاليّة التي امتد إليها واتساعاتها الاستعارية والكنائية؟ كما تعمل الدراسة على الكشف عن البنية الإدراكية التي تجمع المعاني المتعددة للفظ (الرأس) بالإضافة إلى الكشف عن شبكة العلاقات الدلاليّة بين المعاني المتعددة التي يضمها. وقد خَلُصَتْ هذه الورقة البحثية إلى كون التوسعاتِ الدلاليّةِ، والاستعمالاتِ الاستعاريّةِ، والكنائيّةِ لكلمة (رَأْس) تتصلُ بنسقنا التصوّري، وبالتفاعل الدائم بين تجاربنا اليوميّة مع رؤوسنا والعالم الخارجي. الكلمات المفتاحية: (الاشتراك الدلاليّ، اللسانيات الإدراكية، تاريخ اللسانيات الإدراكية، الجسد، رأس) Abstract Polysemy is a central phenomenon in all languages. It shows the interaction between human cognition and human environment. This paper aims to answer the following questions: what is the language mechanisms that is used among Arabs and makes sense of body part terms extend to a new semantic domain? And What are the semantic domains that the word ‘head’ extended to? To achieve the objectives this paper, the researchers adopted the cognitive approach. As well as the descriptive and analytical approaches using the word ‘head’ as a case study and traced its meaning as it developed through metaphor and metonymy. Also, it crossed over from one semantic field to another. It will show that demonstrate of ‘head’ and its semantic extensions derive directly from conceptual patterns that were created as a result of experiences and interaction between our heads, and the outside world. Key words: (polysemy, cognitive linguistics, the history of cognitive linguistics, body, head).

Mathematical Metaphors Gone Wild

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
First Case ◽  
Mathematical Life ◽  
George Lakoff

This chapter examines two case studies that illustrate the limitations of the cognitive theory of mathematical metaphor in accounting for the formation of actual historical mathematical life worlds. The first case study deals with four medieval and early modern examples of relating algebra to geometry. These examples show that when two mathematical domains are linked, what passes between them cannot be reduced to “inferences,” as assumed by the theory of mathematical metaphor. The second case study reviews notions of infinity since early modernity and demonstrates that these notions are far too variegated and complex to be subsumed under a single metaphor—namely, George Lakoff and Rafael Núñez's basic metaphor of infinity, which tries to read all mathematical infinities as metaphorically projecting final destinations on indefinite sequences.

A Method for Eliciting Goals for Business Process Models based on Non-Functional Requirements Catalogues

2013 ◽  
pp. 226-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evellin Cardoso ◽  
João Paulo A. Almeida ◽  
Renata S. S. Guizzardi ◽  
Giancarlo Guizzardi
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Business Process Modeling ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Business Process Models ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Goal Models

While traditional approaches in business process modeling tend to focus on “how” the business processes are performed (adopting a behavioral description in which business processes are described in terms of procedural aspects), in goal-oriented business process modeling, the proposals strive to extend traditional business process methodologies by providing a dimension of intentionality to business processes. One of the key difficulties in enabling one to model goal-oriented processes concerns the identification or elicitation of goals. This paper reports on a case study conducted in a Brazilian hospital, which obtained several goal models represented in i*/Tropos, each of which correspond to a business process also modeled in the scope of the study. NFR catalogues were helpful in goal elicitation, uncovering goals that did not come up during previous interviews prior to these catalogues’ use.

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