scholarly journals Accurate Estimation of Bicarbonate and Acetic Acid Concentrations with Wider Ranges in Anaerobic Media Using Classical FOS/TAC Titration Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11843
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Laura André ◽  
Maël Mercier-Huat ◽  
Jean-Marie Grosmaître ◽  
André Pauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anaerobic Media

The determination of a volatile fatty acid content (FOS) and total alkalinity (TAC) can be carried out using Nordmann’s FOS/TAC titration method developed in the 1970s. This two-point titration (pH = 5 and 4.4) can be simply implemented and is widely employed by both the academic and industrial worlds. However, the present study proves that Nordmann’s method is only valid in limited ranges, since the titration of one FOS and TAC has an impact on the determination of the other, especially in extreme conditions. The present work develops a numerical tool with Scilab simulating the acid–base equilibria of titration. The program is efficient in predicting the experimental equivalent volumes obtained from Nordmann’s method with different combinations of sodium acetate and sodium bicarbonate contents. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) between the simulation and experiment are below 7%. Two new formulas are developed, considering both equivalent volumes at pH = 5 and 4.4 to calibrate FOS and TAC values. The proposed formulas show their good performance in predicting various combinations of FOS and TAC contents in an anaerobic digestate at TAC ranging from 0 to 20,000 mg CaCO3·L−1 and FOS ranging from 0 to 31,000 mg HAc·L−1.

Influence of temperature on blood pH of the human adult and newborn

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 897-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlis Adamsons ◽  
Salha S. Daniel ◽  
Gillian Gandy ◽  
L. Stanley James
Keyword(s):  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Two Populations

The effect of temperature upon pH of blood from adult and newborn humans was investigated. Although the mean ΔpH/ΔT values for the two populations differed, 0.0144/ °C for adults versus 0.0128 for the newborn, this was not peculiar to the source since the temperature-induced pH changes were identical when comparison was made between samples of similar pH and CO2 content. It was shown that even over the physiologic pH range ΔpH/ΔT is not constant but is a function of pH and CO2. No significant changes in ΔpH/ΔT were observed with oxygenation of hemoglobin. The influence of red cell concentration was detectable only when hematocrit values fell below 20%. A graph and an equation for the determination of ΔpH/ΔT of blood with a given pH and CO2 content is presented. acid base Submitted on December 9, 1963

Determination Methods of Dialdehyde Celluloses from Bacterial Cellulose

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
Yu Hong Feng ◽  
Jia Cheng Li ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Su Juan Pang ◽  
Meng Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Cannizzaro Reaction ◽  
Acid Base Titration ◽  
Determination Methods ◽  
Oxidation System

This paper addresses the determination of aldehyde group (% of dialdehyde units) in dialdehyde cellulose (DACs) oxidized from bacterial cellulose (BC). With 4 determination methods, the oxidation degrees of DACs were studied: Automatic potential titration method through Schiff base reaction, Acid-base titration in Cannizzaro reaction, Metaperiodate consumption determination, and Measurement of amino nitrogen content in DAC derivatives. By comparing determination results of these methods, we found out the proper way suitable for this metaperiodate oxidation system of BC to measure the dialdehyde unit content of the DACs.

scholarly journals Determination of Surface Acidity on The Natural and Synthetic Montmorillonite Clays by Titration Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Serly J. Sekewael
Keyword(s):  
Surface Acidity ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Montmorillonite Clays ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Determination of surface acidity on the natural and synthetic montmorillonite clays has been carried out using the acid-base titration method to count the number of bound acid sites per gram of clay. The total acidity of natural and synthetic montmorillonite surfaces obtained was 4.67 and 5.33 mmol/g, respectively. FTIR analysis results indicate the presence of functional groups from the tetrahedral and octahedral constituents. Both samples have similar absorption patterns. The similarity of absorption patterns was followed by a decrease in intensity and shift in some absorption bands, and the appearance of new absorption bands.

Determination of Alkalinity and Acidity of Water by Conductometric Acid-Base Titration

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-895
Author(s):  
Ivan Sekerka ◽  
Josef F Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Conductometric Titration ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acid Base Titration

Abstract The alkalinity and acidity of water are parameters of great importance for studies of aquatic ecosystems. This paper describes the determination of total alkalinity by using acid-base titration with trichloroacetic acid solution as titrant. Total acidity is determined by titration with ammonium hydroxide solution. Both titrations are monitored conductometrically. Performance is evaluated and compared with performance of the potentiometric titration. Automated conductometric titration is simple, fast (30 s/titration), sensitive (detection limit 0.1 ppm CaC03), and accurate. Relative error of the determination increased from about 1% at high levels to about 10% at 1 ppm CaC03. The relative standard deviation of alkalinity measurements ranged from to 5%; for acidity, these values ranged from 1.5 to 17%. Relative standard deviation reached 33% at lower detection limits. Samples containing noncarbonate contributory components of alkalinity (borate, silicate, phosphate, organic acids) can be reproducibly analyzed.

scholarly journals Separate Determination of Borohydride, Borate, Hydroxide, and Carbonate in the Borohydride Fuel Cell by Acid-Base and Iodometric Potentiometric Titration

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. V. Churikov ◽  
S. L. Shmakov ◽  
V. O. Romanova ◽  
K. V. Zapsis ◽  
A. V. Ushakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Separate Determination ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Iodometric Titration ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Titration Curves ◽  
Determination Error ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

A methodology for quantitative chemical analysis of the complex “borohydride-borate-hydroxide-carbonate-water” mixtures used as fuel in the borohydride fuel cell was developed and optimized. The methodology includes the combined usage of the acid-base and iodometric titration methods. The acid-base titration method, which simultaneously uses the technique of differentiation and computer simulation of titration curves, allows one to determine the contents of hydroxide (alkali), carbonate, and total “borate + borohydride” content. The iodometric titration method allows one to selectively determine borohydride, so the content of each of OH-, BH4-, BO2-, and CO32- anions in the fuel becomes estimated. The average determination error depends on the number and ratio of compounds in a mixture. Specific details of the analysis of various fuel mixtures are discussed.

scholarly journals An Approach towards the Determination of Alkalinity in Water, Its Experimental Consideration & Comparison with Traditional Method: An Overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Harshit Sharma ◽  
Richa Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Theoretical Determination ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The Common

<em>Alkalinity is equal to the stoichiometric sum of the bases in solution therefore it includes all the acid neutralizing bases in water namely OH</em><em>ˉ</em><em>, CO</em><em><sub>3</sub></em><em>²ˉ</em><em> &amp; HCO</em><em><sub>3</sub></em><em>ˉ</em><em> ions. In the natural environment carbonate alkalinity tends to make up most of the total alkalinity due to the common occurrence and dissolution of carbonate rocks and presence of CO</em><em>2</em><em> in the atmosphere. Alkalinity varies with the location Acid-base titration is performed for their estimation but the theoretical determination for the type and extent of these ions is tedious process through traditional formulas known to us, (Volume of acid used up till Phenolphthalein &amp; Methyl orange end point). Here in this paper we are trying to simplify the method and reporting the direct determination of the extent of ions by simple calculation without using the formulas for specific ions under different conditions of alkalinity. Thus a comparative aspect of this approach with traditional method will be covered by us in this paper.</em>

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