scholarly journals Prediction of Subsidence during TBM Operation in Mixed-Face Ground Conditions from Realtime Monitoring Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12130
Author(s):  
Hyun-Koo Lee ◽  
Myung-Kyu Song ◽  
Sean Seungwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Tunnel Boring Machine ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Operational Issues

The prediction of settlement during tunneling presents multiple challenges, as such settlement is governed by not only the local geology but also construction methods and practices, such as tunnel boring machine (TBM). To avoid undesirable settlement, engineers must predict the settlement under given conditions. The widely used methods are analytical solutions, empirical solutions, and numerical solutions. Analytical or empirical solutions, however, have limitations, which cannot incorporate the major causes of subsidence, such as unexpected geological conditions and TBM operational issues, among which cutterhead pressure and thrust force-related factors are the most influential. In settlement prediction, to utilize the machine data of TBM, two phases of long short-term memory (LSTM) models are devised. The first LSTM model is designed to capture the features affecting surface settlement. The second model is for the prediction of subsidence against the extracted features. One thing to note is that predicted subsidence is the evolution of settlement along TBM drive rather than its maximum value. The proposed deep-learning models are capable of predicting the subsidence of training and test sets with excellent accuracy, anticipating that it could be an effective tool for real-world tunneling and other underground construction projects.

An evaluation of generated source signals from machinery in conventional tunnelling and their possible application in a tunnel seismic while drilling (TSWD) system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Hartl ◽  
Ingrid Schlögel ◽  
Robert Wenighofer ◽  
Jakob Gallistl
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Tunnel Boring Machine ◽  
Tunnel Face ◽  
Pilot Signal ◽  
Noise Interference ◽  
Tunnel Boring ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Source Signal

<p>Geological conditions and their uncertainties are a major risk factor in underground construction projects. To ensure a fast, smooth and save completion of the excavation, a prediction of the geological conditions in front of the working face during tunnelling is a topic of great importance.</p><p>Various geophysical methods for a prediction of the conditions ahead of the tunnel face have been developed over the past years, yet, most of them being seismic techniques, which require a short interruption of the excavation to minimise noise interference. However, there is also the approach with TSWD which uses the working TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) as a source signal and can thus work simultaneously with the excavation. Up to now, this concept has been applied primarily in mechanised tunnelling and there are hardly any applications in conventional tunnelling.</p><p>In the course of several practical experiments at the “Zentrum am Berg” in Eisenerz (Austria), different concepts for a transfer of TSWD from mechanised to conventional tunnelling were developed and tested at scale in an underground research facility. Three machines were used for these tests, an excavator with a hydraulic hammer attached as well as two different drilling jumbos. The devices were equipped with an accelerometer to pick up the source signal at its origin (pilot signal). Different sensor positions were tested using a sledge hammer as a source and evaluated in detail. Moreover, omnidirectional geophones of different sensitivities (4.5 Hz and 27 Hz) were tested and compared as transducers in the adjacent rock mass.</p><p>An essential part of the experiment analysis consisted of the evaluation of the source characteristics as well as the generated spectral bandwidth of the source signal from typical construction machines in conventional tunnelling. Consequently, the outcomes will be another step forward in the development of a TSWD exploration system also applicable to conventional tunnelling projects.</p>

scholarly journals Stability Evaluation of TBM Pilot Tunnels to Rear Blasting Using the Protection Shield

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1759
Author(s):  
Suk-Min Kong ◽  
Sang-Il Choi ◽  
Seung-Bo Shim ◽  
Hana Lee ◽  
Dong-Wook Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tunnel Boring Machine ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Tunneling Method ◽  
Ground Conditions

Recent studies have increasingly investigated construction methods for tunnel excavation because of growing underground space development. Although the New Austrian tunneling method (NATM)—a representative tunnel excavation method—can be applied to various ground conditions, as well as having good constructability and economic feasibility, it suffers from problems such as vibration and noise. By contrast, excavation using a tunnel boring machine (TBM)—a representative mechanized construction method—affords advantages such as stable excavation, minimized ground and environmental damage, noise, and vibration. However, it cannot be applied easily to various ground conditions, and it suffers from problems such as high construction costs and delays owing to equipment defects. Therefore, the simultaneous pilot tunnel excavation using the TBM—which affords advantages such as constructability, economic feasibility, and minimized noise and vibration—and rear enlargement blasting using NATM was investigated in this study. A protection shield was installed to minimize accidents occurring from equipment defects (a disadvantage of TBM) and analyze the decrease in the effect of NATM blasting, which depends on the use of the protection shield and the separation distance through 3D numerical analysis.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Stability of Tunnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 2520-2522
Author(s):  
Xin Zhe Li ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Xin Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Western Area ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Geological Factors ◽  
The Stability

Along with the high-speed rail era, more and more railway construction projects are held in China western area, but the geological conditions in these areas are often complex, so it brings difficulty to the construction of tunnel in building railways. This paper studies the factors influencing the stability of tunnels. It divides these factors into two categories: engineering geological factors and engineering technological factors. Furthermore, it analyzes other factors that affect the stability of tunnels, such as structural characteristics of surrounding rock, mechanics properties of rock mass and construction methods.

scholarly journals Prediction of Geological Parameters during Tunneling by Time Series Analysis on In Situ Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Shanglin Liu ◽  
Kaihong Yang ◽  
Jie Cai ◽  
Siyang Zhou ◽  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Tunnel Boring Machine ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Geological Information

A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a type of heavy load equipment that is widely used in underground tunnel construction. The geological conditions in the tunneling process are decisive factors that directly affect the control of construction equipment. Because TBM tunneling always takes place underground, the acquisition of geological information has become a key issue in this field. This study focused on the internal relationships between the sequential nature of tunnel in situ data and the continuous interaction between equipment and geology and introduced the long short-term memory (LSTM) time series neural network method for processing in situ data. A method for predicting the geological parameters in advance based on TBM real-time state monitoring data is proposed. The proposed method was applied to a tunnel project in China, and the R2 of the prediction results for five geological parameters are all higher than 0.98. The performance of the LSTM was compared with that of an artificial neural network (ANN). The prediction accuracy of the LSTM was significantly higher compared with that of the ANN, and the generalization and robustness of LSTM are also better than those of ANN, which indicates that the proposed LSTM method could extract the sequence properties of the in situ data. The rule of equipment-geology interaction was reflected by increasing the memory structure of the model through the introduction of the “gate” concept, and the accurate prediction of geological parameters during tunneling was realized. Additionally, the influence of time window and distance of prediction on the model is discussed. The proposed method provides a new approach toward obtaining geological information during TBM construction and also provides a certain reference for the effective analysis of the in situ data with sequence properties.

scholarly journals A Simulation Model of Construction Projects Executed in Random Conditions with the Overlapping Construction Works

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5795
Author(s):  
Sławomir Biruk ◽  
Łukasz Rzepecki
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Construction Works

Reducing the duration of construction works requires additional organizational measures, such as selecting construction methods that assure a shorter realization time, engaging additional resources, working overtime, or allowing construction works to be performed simultaneously in the same working units. The simultaneous work of crews may affect the quality of works and the efficiency of construction processes. This article presents a simulation model aimed at assessing the impact of the overlap period on the extension of the working time of the crews and the reduction of a repetitive project’s duration in random conditions. The purpose of simulation studies is to provide construction managers with guidelines when deciding on the dates of starting the sequential technological process lines realized by specialized working crews, for sustainable scheduling and organization of construction projects.

Factors affecting the delivery of optimum health and safety on construction projects during the covid-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benviolent Chigara ◽  
Tirivavi Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of construction professionals relative to factors that affect the delivery of optimum health and safety (H&S) on construction projects during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a quantitative design which entailed the distribution of a web-based questionnaire among construction professionals, namely, architects, construction/project managers, engineers, H&S managers and quantity surveyors working for contractors and construction consultants in Zimbabwe. The data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Factor analysis was used to reveal interrelated significant sets of factors affecting the delivery of optimum H&S. Findings Factor analysis revealed nine components/factors: change and innovation-related, monitoring and enforcement-related, production-related, access to information and health service-related, on-site facilities and welfare-related, risk assessment and mitigation-related, job security and funding-related, cost-related and COVID-19 risk perception-related factors as the significant factors affecting the delivery of optimum H&S during the COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe. Research limitations/implications The results highlighted the need for social dialogue among construction stakeholders to support initiatives that will enhance the delivery of H&S on construction projects. Construction stakeholders may find the results useful in highlighting the areas that need improvement to protect workers’ H&S during the pandemic. However, the small sample limits the generalisability of the results to construction sectors in other regions. Originality/value The study investigated factors affecting the delivery of optimum H&S during the COVID-19 to inform interventions to enhance H&S.

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary design optimization of hard rock tunnel boring machine using collaborative optimization

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168781401875472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Xiaobang Wang ◽  
Maolin Shi ◽  
Zhuqing Wang ◽  
Xueguan Song
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Tunnel Boring Machine ◽  
Collaborative Optimization ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design ◽  
Tunnel Boring ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Rock Tunnel

A multidisciplinary design optimization model is developed in this article to optimize the performance of the hard rock tunnel boring machine using the collaborative optimization architecture. Tunnel boring machine is a complex engineering equipment with many subsystems coupled. In the established multidisciplinary design optimization process of this article, four subsystems are taken into account, which belong to different sub-disciplines/subsytems: the cutterhead system, the thrust system, the cutterhead driving system, and the economic model. The technology models of tunnel boring machine’s subsystems are build and the optimization objective of the multidisciplinary design optimization is to minimize the construction period from the system level of the hard rock tunnel boring machine. To further analyze the established multidisciplinary design optimization, the correlation between the design variables and the tunnel boring machine’s performance is also explored. Results indicate that the multidisciplinary design optimization process has significantly improved the performance of the tunnel boring machine. Based on the optimization results, another two excavating processes under different geological conditions are also optimized complementally using the collaborative optimization architecture, and the corresponding optimum performance of the hard rock tunnel boring machine, such as the cost and energy consumption, is compared and analysed. Results demonstrate that the proposed multidisciplinary design optimization method for tunnel boring machine is reliable and flexible while dealing with different geological conditions in practical engineering.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Alleged Property Damage From Construction Vibrations

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Sax Saxena ◽  
Saxena Anu
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Pile Driving ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Florida Panhandle ◽  
Subsurface Treatment

The Influence Of Construction And Pile Driving Vibrations On Surrounding Buildings, Including Hospitals And Eye Examination Facilities, Sensitive Devices Such As Computers And Surgical Microscopes Or Electronic Machines, And People In The Urban Environment Is A Significant Consideration In Obtaining Project Approvals From Appropriate Agencies And Authorities. Implementation Of Construction Projects In Areas Adjacent To Existing Buildings (Aged, Historical, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Medical Services, Or Electronic Services) Creates Additional Difficulties. Specialized Case History Is Presented Where Damage To Sensitive Structures From A Variety Of Vibratory Construction Methods Ranging From Pile Driving, Highway Construction, Rock Excavation And/Or Blasting, Was Considered. Twenty Homeowners From A Residential Subdivision In The Florida Panhandle, Claimed Damage Including Cracking To Their Properties During Construction Of Various Portions Of City Storm Water Treatment/Enhancement Project. It Was Also Alleged That During Excavation And Construction Of Drainage Structures, Especially Four Subsurface Treatment Vaults That Required Installation And Extraction Of Sheet Piles Using Vibratory Hammer, Stability Of The Nearby Residential Structures Was Endangered And Resulted In Movement/Cracking. Forensic Engineering Analysis Was Effectively Utilized To Identify, Investigate, And Remediate The Concerns As Well As Assist In Litigation And In Some Cases Avoidance. This Technical Paper Presents Some Legal Issues Related To Litigation, Mediation, And Resolution Involving Jurisprudence System And Introduces A Case History That Includes All Elements Of Forensic Engineering.

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE FACTORS CAUSING PROJECT COMPLETION DELAYS IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR OF OMAN USING SEM-PLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 900-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Suleiman Al Maktoumi ◽  
Firdouse Rahman Khan ◽  
Ahmed Rashid Suwied Al Maktoumi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Formative Measurement ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Process Allocation

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to investigate the causes of the delays to analyze the factors causing the construction delay in Oman and to investigate the effects of such delays. Design/methodology/approach: To carry out this study 210 samples were collected through a well-defined questionnaire from the construction stakeholders viz. the consultants, contractors, and the clients who were selected on a random sampling basis. Smart PLS for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique was used to analyze the data to obtain the formative measurement models, the structured model, and the goodness of fit. Findings: The results of the study reveal that the client-related factors, equipment-related factors, and material related factors have a significant impact on the completion delay in construction projects. The findings of the study also revealed that the Client related factors were – Delay in providing services, Delayed decision-making process, Allocation of insufficient time. Equipment related factors were – Existing low productive equipment, Unskillful Equipment operator, Breakdown of equipment and Outdated equipment; Material related factors were – Delay in supply of raw materials, Non-availability of materials, Change of materials during construction, Non-availability of accessories and Damaged materials. Research limitations/Implications: The present study covers the stakeholders of the construction projects from selected regions only. The future studies can be extended to other projects and other regions as well. Social implications: The study suggested that the clients’ cooperation especially in providing the contractors with the necessary equipment, facilities, and sufficient time will avoid such delays of the construction projects in Oman. Originality/Value: Only very few have examined the completion delay of the construction projects in Oman using SEM-PLS and it is a first-hand study of its kind and the results will be useful to the stakeholders.

FIELD TRIPS: CONSTRUCTION CLASSROOMS WITHOUT ROOF

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Rokooei ◽  
Samira Rokooei
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Real World ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Job Site

Higher education embraces outside-classroom activities such as internships, community services, and site visits. These activities bring real-world experiences into classrooms and blend them with educational content and provide a rich learning environment. Construction job site visits provide students with exposure to different types of construction projects and provide the opportunity of observing construction methods, materials, components, and crews. The Building Construction Science (BCS) program at Mississippi State University program provides students with an interactive project-based learning environment in which students utilize the additional amount of class time to experiment, collaborate, and learn. Eight studios are the core courses of the BCS program and cover the main construction subject areas. Due to the nature of studio work, students are more involved in a “learning by doing” paradigm. One of the main curriculum components of studios is out-of-state field trips, which take place at every level of the program for about one week per academic year. To evaluate the effectiveness, strengths, and challenges of field trips, a quantitative research method was used to explore students’ impressions and feedback. The results indicate field trips play a significant role in students’ learning and connect their theoretical knowledge with real-world practices. Potential benefits, optimal conditions, and challenges pertaining to the construction field trips are explored and discussed to help future job site visit planning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document