scholarly journals Clinical Comparison of the Glomerular Filtration Rate Calculated from Different Renal Depths and Formulae

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Wen-Ling Hsu ◽  
Shu-Min Chang ◽  
Chin-Chuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Dynamic Scan ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Factor

A camera-based method using Technetium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-99m DTPA) is commonly used to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), especially, as it can easily calculate split renal function. Renal depth is the main factor affecting the measurement of GFR accuracy. This study aimed to compare the difference of renal depths between three formulae and a CT scan, and, additionally, to calculate the GFRs by four methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients receiving a renal dynamic scan. All patients underwent a laboratory test within one month, and a computed tomography (CT) scan within two months, before or after the renal dynamic scan. The GFRs were calculated by employing a renal dynamic scan using renal depth measured in three formulae (Tonnesen’s, Itoh K’s, and Taylor’s), and a CT scan. The renal depths measured by the above four methods were compared, and the GFRs were compared to the modified estimated GFR (eGFR). Fifty-one patients were enrolled in the study. The mean modified eGFR was 60.5 ± 42.7 mL/min. The mean GFRs calculated by three formulae and CT were 45.3 ± 23.3, 54.7 ± 27.5, 56.5 ± 26.3, and 63.7 ± 30.0, respectively. All of them correlated well with the modified eGFR (r = 0.87, 0.87, 0.87, and 0.84, respectively). The Bland–Altman plot revealed good consistency between the calculated GFR by Tonnesen’s and the modified eGFR. The renal depths measured using the three formulae were smaller than those measured using the CT scan, and the right renal depth was always larger than the left. In patients with modified eGFR > 60 mL/min, the GFR calculated by CT was the closest to the modified eGFR. The Renal depth measured by CT scan is deeper than that using formula, and it influences the GFR calculated by Gate’s method. The GFR calculated by CT is more closely related to modified eGFR when modified eGFR > 60 mL/min.

STUDY OF RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS THE RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Van Chuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Background: A Research glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 61 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with renal scanning 99mTc-DTPA glomerular filtration rate at the hospital 175. Objective: (1) To study characteristics of imaging of renal function. (2) Understanding the relationship between GFR with blood sugar, HbA1c, blood pressure and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical examination, Clinical tests and 99mTc-DTPA GFR gamma - camera renography for patients. Result: GFR of the study group was 75,4 ± 22,3 ml/phut/1,73m2, the left kidney was 35,0 ± 13,0 is lower than the right kidney and 39,8 ± 11,9; p <0,01. There is no correlation between GFR with blood glucose and HbA1c, the risk of reduced GFR in hypertensive group associated is OR = 6,5 with p<0,01; albuminuria (+) is OR = 4,2 with p <0,01; and disease duration > 10 years is OR = 3,5 with p <0.01. Conclusion: GFR of the left kidneys is lower than the right kidney; correlation decreased GFR associated with hypertension, albuminuria and disease duration. Keywords: GFR, diabetes, albuminuria

Renal glomerular filtration rate and hepatic blood flow during voluntary diving in Weddell seals

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (5) ◽  
pp. R743-R748 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Davis ◽  
M. A. Castellini ◽  
G. L. Kooyman ◽  
R. Maue
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Hepatic Blood Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Inulin Clearance ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Icg Clearance ◽  
The Mean

Renal and hepatic function were studied during voluntary dives in Weddell seals by measuring the clearance rate of inulin and indocyanine green (ICG). Inulin is cleared exclusively by the kidneys and measures renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). ICG is cleared by the liver and is blood flow dependent at concentrations used. Studies were conducted from a portable hut with a trapdoor placed over an isolated hole in the sea ice near McMurdo Station, Antarctica. An intravertebral extradural catheter was inserted percutaneously under light anesthesia in subadult seals weighing 130-200 kg. When released into the ice hole, the seals made voluntary dives, but always had to return to breathe. Serial blood samples were taken after single injections of inulin and ICG and analyzed within 24 h. The mean half time (t 1/2) for inulin clearance while resting at the surface was 27.3 +/- 13.0 min (n = 43) and the mean t 1/2 for ICG clearance was 18.3 +/- 7.3 min (n = 23). The mean resting GFR was 3.6 ml X min-1 X kg-1 (range 3.2-3.9, n = 3). Inulin and ICG clearance rates did not change from resting levels during dives shorter than the seal's aerobic dive limit (ADL). Inulin clearance decreased over 90% during dives longer than the ADL, but there was no significant reduction in ICG clearance during dives lasting up to 23 min. It appears that normal renal GFR and hepatic blood flow continue during natural aerobic dives. During dives that exceed the ADL, GFR is reduced but hepatic blood flow may be maintained.

scholarly journals Albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate in obese children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Luciana Satiko Sawamura ◽  
Gabrielle Gomes de Souza ◽  
Juliana Dias Gonçalves dos Santos ◽  
Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza ◽  
Anelise Del Vecchio Gessullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective: To describe the frequency of albuminuria in overweight and obese children and adolescents and to relate it to the severity of obesity, pubertal staging, associated morbidities and the glomerular filtration rate. Method: Cross-sectional study including 64 overweight and obese children and adolescents between 5 and 19 years of age. Data collected: weight, height, waist circumference and systemic arterial pressure. Laboratory tests: lipid profile; glycemia and insulin, used to calculate the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR); C-reactive protein; glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and albuminuria in an isolated urine sample (cutoff <30 mg/g). Creatinine was used to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2). Results: The mean age was 11.6 ± 3.4 years, 32 (50%) and 29 (45.3%) were male and prepubertal. Forty-six (71.9%) had severe obesity. The frequency and median (min/max) of the observed values for albuminuria (> 30 mg/g) were 14 (21.9%) and 9.4 mg/g (0.70, -300.7 mg/g). The mean eGFR was 122.9 ± 24.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. There was no significant correlation between body mass index, pubertal staging, insulin and HOMA-IR with albuminuria values and neither with eGFR. Children with albuminuria tended to have higher values of diastolic blood pressure (75.0 ± 12.2 vs. 68.1 ± 12.4, p = 0.071). Conclusion: Albuminuria, although frequent in children and adolescents with obesity, was not associated with other morbidities and the glomerular filtration rate in these patients.

scholarly journals Profile of estimated glomerular filtration rate of children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1931
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. Ezeh ◽  
Oluseyi Oniyangi ◽  
Iretiola B. Babaniyi ◽  
Vincent E. Nwatah ◽  
Felicia U. Eke
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Schwartz Formula ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean

Background: Kidney disease is more common in people of African descent in developed countries. Studies reporting estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in African populations and people living with HIV have been carried more frequently on adults than children. The study aimed to assess eGFR by use of the SCHWARTZ formula in HIV infected children seen at tertiary hospital.Methods: A descriptive, prospective and cross sectional study of 221 children with HIV infection. Schwartz formula was used to determine eGFR. The main outcome measures were eGFR. The study population comprised HIV infected children attending Paediatric out-patients’ clinic and those admitted into the Paediatric wards, aged between 6 months and 15 years. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20 and results presented in tables and figures. Results: The age range of the study subjects was 12 months to 15 years with the mean age and SD of 8.21±3.61 years. There were 129 (58.4%) male and 92 (41.6%) female children with male to female ratio 1: 0.7.  The mean age for males was 7.87±3.49 years while that for females was 8.70±3.71 years. The eGFR for the study as determined by Schwartz formula had a range of 49.21 to 463.67 ml/ min/ 1.73m2 with the mean of 159.56±59.04 ml/min. The mean eGFR for the males and females were 166.39±63.54ml/ min and 149.99±45.01 ml/ min respectively. Conclusion: The study, in comparison with other studies, observed a lower prevalence of CKD in HIV infected children. Detection of CKD in HIV infection children may be more optimal if combined methods are employed.

scholarly journals Influence of Early Bladder Imaging in Experimental Rabbits on the Quantitative Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate by the Gates Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Changyin Wang ◽  
Shun Li ◽  
Chun Gao ◽  
Wasili Maimaiti ◽  
Qisheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Baseline Status ◽  
The Difference

Objective. To investigate the influence of early bladder imaging (EBI) in experimental rabbits on the quantitative calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the Gates method. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the data of dynamic renal scintigraphy (DRS) in experimental rabbits. We calculated renal uptake during minutes 1-2 and 2-3 by correcting bladder radioactivity and computed the split GFR by renal uptake. Then, the EBI and GFR between 1-2 min and 2-3 min were compared, respectively. Results. The EBI proportion (57.3%) at 2-3 min of DRS was higher than that (8.5%) at 1-2 min ( P < 0.05 ). The correlations between the 1-2 min and 2-3 min uptake rates of unobstructed kidneys after correction ( r = 0.952 ‐ 0.979 ) were higher than those before correction ( r = 0.859 ‐ 0.936 ). However, the correlation between the two in obstructed kidneys was not improved ( r before = 0.967 versus r after = 0.968 ). For unobstructed kidneys, the difference in GFR based on 2-3 min uptake between before and after correction was significant ( P < 0.05 ), but not in obstructed kidneys ( P > 0.05 ). For GFR based on 1-2 min uptake, the difference between before and after correction was not significant in obstructed or unobstructed kidneys ( P > 0.05 ). Before correction, the GFR of unobstructed kidneys of 10.5% of the rabbits in the protein load test was lower than that in the baseline status, but not so after correction. Conclusion. The 2-3 min EBI on DRS has a significant influence on the GFR calculated by the Gates method in experimental rabbits. Controlling water intake or calculating the GFR by 1-2 min renal uptake helps to avoid the influence of EBI on GFR.

Abstract 13433: Predictors of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and Normal Baseline Glomerular Filtration Rate

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Negreanu ◽  
Michael Gagnon ◽  
anh nguyen ◽  
Samer Mansour ◽  
Michel T Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
The Mean

Background: The incidence and predictors of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not well ascertained. We aim to determine the incidence and predictors for CIN after coronary catheterization (CATH) for acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods: We combined the datasets of two studies. The AMI-QUEBEC was an observational cohort of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions in 2003. The AMI-OPTIMA was a study of patients hospitalized with ACS in 2009 and 2012. For this analysis, we retained only patients with GFR > 60 ml/min who underwent CATH. We defined “hyperfiltrators” as patients with GFR above the 95th percentile age and sex-adjusted value. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dL (44.2 μmols/L) or > 50% from baseline serum creatinine. Results: There were 3,188 patients with GFR > 60 ml/min : 39 hyperfiltrators and 3,149 without hyperfiltration. The mean age was similar between the two groups of patients (62 years); 21% and 27% females in hyperfiltrators and non-hyperfiltrators (p<0.0001). The prevalences of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were 36% and 64%, respectively in hyperfiltrators compared to 20% and 46%, respectively in non-hyperfiltrators. The mean baseline GFR and creatinine were 112 ml/min and 50 μmols/L, respectively in hyperfiltrators; 84.2 ml/min and 80 μmols/L in non-hyperfiltrators. There were 225 CIN following CATH; 7.1% of the whole cohort with 35.9% in the hyperfiltrators and 6.7% in non-hyperfiltrators. Hyperfiltration was independently associated with a 13-fold increase in the risk of CIN (Table 1). Each year of increase in age was associated with a 5% increase in the risk of CIN. Shock was also associated with an 11-fold increase in the risk of CIN. Conclusion: Hyperfiltrators may be at high risk of CIN following CATH in ACS. The risk of CIN associated with hyperfiltration should be evaluated in other populations.

scholarly journals Glomerular Filtration Rate as a Predictor of Outcome in Acute Coronary Syndrome Complicated by Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1466
Author(s):  
Domenico Santoro ◽  
Guido Gembillo ◽  
Giuseppe Andò
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Onset

The close relationship between kidney and heart is well known. Cardiovascular impairment contributes to the worsening of renal function and kidney failure worsens cardiovascular health. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent issue in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and several studies have demonstrated that AF impacts negatively on their quality of life and outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms leading to the progression of CKD, new-onset AF and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a key issue. The evaluation of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) could make the difference in this equilibrium and suggests specific strategies in the treatment of the population at major risk of cardiovascular events. This intriguing connection paves the way for necessary further investigations.

Renal Tubular Protein Degradation of Radiolabelled Aprotinin (Trasylol) in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rustom ◽  
J. S. Grime ◽  
P. Maltby ◽  
H. R. Stockdale ◽  
M. J. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The new method developed to measure renal tubular degradation of small filtered proteins in patients with normal renal function, using radio-labelled aprotinin (Trasylol) (R. Rustom, J. S. Grime, P. Maltby, H. R. Stockdale, M. Critchley, J. M. Bone. Clin Sci 1992; 83, 289–94), was evaluated in patients with chronic renal failure. 2. Aprotinin was labelled with either 99mTc (40 MBq) or 131I (0.1 MBq), and injected intravenously in nine patients, with different renal pathologies. 51Cr-EDTA clearance (corrected for height and weight) was 40 + 5.4 (range 11.2-81) ml min−1 1.73 m−2. Activity in plasma and urine was measured over 24–48 h, and chromatography on Sephadex-G-25-M was used to separate labelled aprotinin from free 99mTcO4− or 131I−. Renal uptake was measured for 99mTc-labelled aprotinin only. 3. The volume of distribution was 20.2 + 2.3 litres. Chromatography showed all plasma activity as undegraded aprotinin, and urine activity only as the free labels (99mTcO4− or 131I−). 4. As in patients with normal renal function, activity in the kidney appeared promptly, with 5.7 + 2.5% of the dose detected even at 5 min. Activity rose rapidly to 9.4 + 1.6% of dose after 1.5 h, then more slowly to 15.0 + 0.5% of dose at 4.5 h, and even more slowly thereafter, reaching 24.1 + 2.8% of dose at 24 h. Extra-renal uptake was again insignificant, and both 99mTcO4− and 131I− appeared promptly in the urine, with similar and uniform rates of excretion over 24 h. 5. Both tubular uptake at 24 h and the rate of tubular metabolism over 24 h were lower than in the patients with normal renal function studied previously, but only the rate of tubular metabolism was directly related to the glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.75, P <0.02). 6. Correction for the reduced glomerular filtration rate yielded values for both tubular uptake (0.67 + 0.14 versus 0.32 + 0.03% of dose/ml of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005), and tubular metabolism (0.033 + 0.07 versus 0.015 + 0.001% of dose h−1 ml−1 of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005) that were higher by comparison with those for patients with normal renal function studied previously. 7. Fractional renal degradation of 99mTc-aprotinin (in h−1), derived from the mean rate of urinary excretion of the free isotope over a given interval, divided by the mean cumulative kidney uptake over the same interval, also fell steeply early, and then more slowly to 0.07 + 0.01 h−1 at 14.25 h (between 4.5 and 24 h). 8. It is concluded that the method described previously is also suitable in patients with chronic renal failure, allowing further research into renal disease progression.

scholarly journals Changes in glomerular filtration rate in liver recipients after reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors with concomitant everolimus administration within the first year after immunosuppression conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
V. E. Syutkin ◽  
A. A. Salienko ◽  
S. V. Zhuravel ◽  
M. S. Novruzbekov
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Older Recipients

Objective: to compare changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in liver recipients with initially normal and impaired eGFR within the first year after immunosuppression conversion.Materials and methods. Enrolled in the study were 215 recipients of deceased-donor livers from February 2009 to February 2020, who received everolimus with dose reduction or complete withdrawal of calcineurin inhibitors (immunosuppression conversion, ISxC) for varying periods of time. GFR was measured using the MDRD-4 formula immediately before ISxC, then 3, 6, and 12 months after orthotopic liver transplantation (LTx). One month was considered an acceptable temporary deviation from the corresponding point.Results. At the time of ISxC, 32 (15%) of 215 recipients had normal renal function. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increased in 60% of the recipients with normal eGFR by the end of the first year following ISxC; the fall in eGFR was particularly pronounced in older recipients. In the group with a baseline eGFR of 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2, eGFR normalized in 62% of cases within 12 months; 28% of cases had no changes in renal function. In the subgroup with a pronounced decrease in eGFR at the time of ISxC, increased eGFR was observed as early as 1 month after ISxC, and the maximum was recorded after 3–6 months. The mean eGFR relative to baseline by month 3 after eGFR were higher for ISxC that was done in the first 2 months after LTx (19.7 ± 15.7 ml/minute/1.73 m2) than for ISxC done in the long-term period after LTx (10.1 ± 8.7 ml/minute/1.73 m2, p < 0.05).Conclusion. Changes in eGFR in liver recipients receiving EVR plus low-dose calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) depend on baseline eGFR and are multidirectional. The use of ISxC in the early post-LTx period led to a more pronounced improvement in eGFR. Maximal changes in eGFR were observed by 3–6 months after ISxC.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF GLOMERULAR FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SCA IN MAIDUGURI NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA: A RECOMMENDATION FOR EARLY ASSESSMENT AND DETECTION OF DYSFUNCTION IN A RESOURCE-POOR SETTING.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Farouk AG ◽  
◽  
Yauba MS ◽  
Yerima A ◽  
Asheikh MM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Resource Poor Setting ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
The Mean

Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a disorder of Mendelian autosomal recessive inheritance, characterised by abnormal haemoglobin synthesis resulting in multi-systemic manifestations. The kidneys are largely affected by this disorder, but overt features of kidney disease mostly manifest after the second decade, even though insult and sub-clinical features may occur during childhood. Unfortunately, investigating these sub-clinical features is not routinely done in resource-scarce settings, partly due to the low socioeconomic status of most of our patients and the overwhelmed health care workers. Objectives: To investigate glomerular dysfunction in children with SCA in the context of the resource-poor setting. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), over 6 months. One hundred and ten SCA (Hb SS) children aged 3 – 14 years in steady-state constituted the cases, while 110 non-SCA (Hb AA) age and sex-matched, apparently healthy children formed the control. Anthropometry, blood pressure, urinalysis and serum creatinine of the subjects was done. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the Schwartz formula. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ± SD of the cases and controls were 96.8±9.34mmHg and 99.14±13.44mmHg respectively, (p = 0.13). The mean diastolic BP ± SD of the cases and controls were 60.18±6.85mmHg and 64.35±8.23mmHg respectively, (p = 0.0001). Glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher among the cases than the controls, 126±32ml/min/1.73m2 and 93±16ml/min/1.73m2 respectively (p <0.001). Proteinuria was higher among the cases (8.2%), with one (0.9%) having nephrotic range proteinuria. Conclusions: The proteinuria and hyperfiltration found in some of the children with SCA in this study suggest that renal function abnormalities can be detected early in this group of children when appropriately and timely investigated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document