Comparison of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Degradation by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

: The aim of this work was to develop bacterial communities to effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs). We investigated the biotic and abiotic contributors to differences in PHs degradation efficacy between two bacterial strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), screened out from the activated sludge of a petroleum refinery. We characterized the temporal variations in degradation efficacy for diesel and its five major constituents as a sole carbon source and identified more constituents they degraded. The growth characteristics, surface tension, hydrophobicity and emulsifiability of these two strains were measured. We further estimated the relationships between their degradation efficacy and all the biotic and abiotic factors. Results showed that the Pa strain had higher diesel degradation efficacy (58% on Day 14) and utilized more diesel constituents (86%) compared to Kp. Additionally, the growth of the Pa strain in diesel medium was faster than that of the Kp strain. The Pa strain had a lower surface tension and higher hydrophobicity and emulsifiability than Kp, while the surfactant produced by Pa was identified as rhamnolipids. Degradation of PHs was positively related to bacterial growth, hydrophobicity and emulsification but negatively related to surface tension. Overall, differences in degrading capacity for diesel constituents, relative growth rate, and biosurfactant production contributed to the variation in the PHs degradation efficacy of these two bacterial strains.

Download Full-text

Experimental Investigation of Droplet Dynamics on Solid Surfaces: Spreading and Recoil Effects

Heat Transfer, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/imece2006-14699 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kalpak P. Gatne ◽

Milind A. Jog ◽

Raj M. Manglik

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

High Speed ◽

Lower Surface ◽

Video Camera ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Liquid Viscosity ◽

Viscous Effects ◽

Droplet Dynamics ◽

Digital Video Camera ◽

The Impact

A study of the normal impact of liquid droplets on a dry horizontal substrate is presented in this paper. The impact dynamics, spreading and recoil behavior are captured using a high-speed digital video camera at 2000 frames per second. A digital image processing software was used to determine the drop spread and height of the liquid on the surface from each frame. To ascertain the effects of liquid viscosity and surface tension, experiments were conducted with four liquids (water, ethanol, propylene glycol and glycerin) that have vastly different fluid properties. Three different Weber numbers (20, 40, and 80) were considered by altering the height from which the drop is released. The high-speed photographs of impact, spreading and recoil are shown and the temporal variations of dimensionless drop spread and height are provided in the paper. The results show that changes in liquid viscosity and surface tension significantly affect the spreading and recoil behavior. For a fixed Weber number, lower surface tension promotes greater spreading and higher viscosity dampens spreading and recoil. Using a simple scale analysis of energy balance, it was found that the maximum spread factor varies as Re1/5 when liquid viscosity is high and viscous effects govern the spreading behavior.

Download Full-text

Novel Alkali-Activated Materials with Photocatalytic and Bactericidal Properties Based on Ceramic Tile Waste

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings12010035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Ashley Bonilla ◽

Mónica A. Villaquirán-Caicedo ◽

Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Cement Pastes ◽

Molar Ratios ◽

Bactericidal Properties ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Alkali Activated

Ceramics tile wastes (CWs) were mechanically conditioned for the preparation of alkali-activated hybrid-cements from CW (90 wt.%) and Portland cement (10 wt.%) mixtures using sodium silicate (SS) + NaOH as alkaline activators. Molar ratios of SiO2/Al2O3 (6.3 to 7.7) and Na2O/SiO2 (0.07 to 0.16) were used. The cements were prepared at room temperature (25 °C) and characterized by mechanical and physical properties and microstructure. The optimized cement was used for the preparation of novel photoactivated composite materials by incorporating 5 and 10 wt.% TiO2 (Ti) and ZnO (Z) nanoparticles, and its self-cleaning and bactericidal properties were evaluated by means of the degradation of rhodamine-B (Rh-B) and the growth inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The results of this study showed that the 100SS-5Z and 50SS:50G-10Ti cements have an effective photocatalytic activity for Rh-B degradation of 98.4% and 76.4%, respectively, after 24 h. Additionally, the 100SS-5Z and 50SS:50G-10Ti cement pastes and their respective mortars were effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial strains, evidenced by the formation of bacterial inhibition halos around the sample discs. Finally, these results are novel, and open the possibility of using constructions and demolition tile waste in high proportions for the elaboration of new rendering mortar with innovative properties.

Download Full-text

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil using Bio piles System

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.2019.16.1(suppl.).0185 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1(Suppl.)) ◽

pp. 0185

Author(s):

Jabbar Et al.

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Bacterial Culture ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Mixed Bacterial Culture ◽

Surface Tension Reduction

This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. Four bacterial strains were isolated from diesel contaminated soil samples. The isolates were identified by the Vitek 2 system, as Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Pentoae species, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterobacter cloacae. The potential of biological surfactant production was tested using the Sigma 703D stand-alone tensiometer showed that these isolates are biological surfactant producers. The better results of the surface tension reduction test were obtained using the mixed bacterial culture which reduced the surface tension of the medium from 66mN/m to 33.89mN/m. For further evidence of the biodegradation effect of these isolates individually and as a mixed culture, which was supported by the use of Gas-Chromatography technology confirming the occurrence of biodegradation. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel contaminated soil in bio piles system. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at ambient temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days (during summer season). Overall 75.71 % of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 33.18 % of the control soil at the end of study period. The study concluded that the ex-situ bioremediation (bio piles) is a good option for treating the soil contaminated with diesel as economical and environmentally friendly.

Download Full-text

The Analysis Of Antibiotic Consumption And Bacterial Resistance As An Indicator Of Their Proper Use At The Urology Department In The Health Centre “Studenica” Kraljevo

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research ◽

10.1515/sjecr-2015-0018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 135-141

Author(s):

Andriana Bukonjić ◽

Srđan Stefanović

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Health Centre ◽

Antibiotic Consumption ◽

Resistance Rate ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Financial Assets ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Negative

Abstract The objective of the study was to analyze antibiotic consumption and determine bacterial resistance rates as an indicator of the rational utilization of this drug group at the urology department in the Health Centre “Studenica” Kraljevo. Over a two-year period, the average antibiotic consumption was 104.55 DDD/100BD. Of the total financial assets used for medical treatment, the antibiotic group JO1 had a share of 49.52% in 2011 and 47.53% in 2012. Antibacterial drugs from a group of β-lactamic antibiotics were consumed most commonly, at 54.02% (2011) and 43.44% (2012). First-generation cephalosporins, quinolones and aminoglycosides were the most frequently used drug groups, while cephalexin was the antibiotic with the highest individual consumption. E. coli was the most frequently isolated bacterium in 2011, while in 2012, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacterium. The total bacterial resistance both in 2011 and 2012 was above 50%. Gram-negative bacteria showed a higher resistance rate (2011, 59.3%; 2012, 58.9%) than Gram-positive bacteria (2011, 44.4%; 2012, 40.6%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the bacterium with the highest resistance (75.3%) in 2011, while in 2012, there was a resistance increase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (71.4%), especially to carbapenems. A correlation was determined between the consumption of individual antibiotics and bacterial strain resistance in 2011 (r=0.433, p=0.044) and in 2012 (r=0.478, p=0.024). The high resistance rate shown in the bacterial strains, which was correlated with antibiotic consumption, as well as the great financial assets used for this group of drugs suggest the necessity for the rationalization of their utilization. Empirical therapy with Gram-negative bacteria should be based on carbapenems utilization, except with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where piperacillin/tazobactam should be used.

Download Full-text

Transcriptomic Analyses Elucidate Adaptive Differences of Closely Related Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Fuel

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.03249-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 83 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Thusitha S. Gunasekera ◽

Loryn L. Bowen ◽

Carol E. Zhou ◽

Susan C. Howard-Byerly ◽

William S. Foley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Transcriptional Control ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Bioinformatic Analysis ◽

Protein Sequence Analysis ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Alkane Degradation ◽

Content Type

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa can utilize hydrocarbons, but different strains have various degrees of adaptation despite their highly conserved genome. P. aeruginosa ATCC 33988 is highly adapted to hydrocarbons, while P. aeruginosa strain PAO1, a human pathogen, is less adapted and degrades jet fuel at a lower rate than does ATCC 33988. We investigated fuel-specific transcriptomic differences between these strains in order to ascertain the underlying mechanisms utilized by the adapted strain to proliferate in fuel. During growth in fuel, the genes related to alkane degradation, heat shock response, membrane proteins, efflux pumps, and several novel genes were upregulated in ATCC 33988. Overexpression of alk genes in PAO1 provided some improvement in growth, but it was not as robust as that of ATCC 33988, suggesting the role of other genes in adaptation. Expression of the function unknown gene PA5359 from ATCC 33988 in PAO1 increased the growth in fuel. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that PA5359 is a predicted lipoprotein with a conserved Yx(FWY)xxD motif, which is shared among bacterial adhesins. Overexpression of the putative resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pump PA3521 to PA3523 increased the growth of the ATCC 33988 strain, suggesting a possible role in fuel tolerance. Interestingly, the PAO1 strain cannot utilize n-C8 and n-C10. The expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of alkB promoters confirmed that alk gene promoter polymorphism affects the expression of alk genes. Promoter fusion assays further confirmed that the regulation of alk genes was different in the two strains. Protein sequence analysis showed low amino acid differences for many of the upregulated genes, further supporting transcriptional control as the main mechanism for enhanced adaptation. IMPORTANCE These results support that specific signal transduction, gene regulation, and coordination of multiple biological responses are required to improve the survival, growth, and metabolism of fuel in adapted strains. This study provides new insight into the mechanistic differences between strains and helpful information that may be applied in the improvement of bacterial strains for resistance to biotic and abiotic factors encountered during bioremediation and industrial biotechnological processes.

Download Full-text

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil using Bio piles System

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.16.1.(suppl.).0185 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 0185 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jabbar Et al.

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Bacterial Culture ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Mixed Bacterial Culture ◽

Surface Tension Reduction

Download Full-text

Study on antibacterial activities of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Leaf and flower extracts against Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v2i1.669 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Luong Thi My Ngan ◽

Le Thi Kim Lan ◽

Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh ◽

Nguyen Ngoc Quy ◽

Le Thi Thanh Loan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Tract Infections

Antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains causing serious diseases is one of the major concerns of public health worldwide. Metabolites of plants, particularly higher plants, have been suggested as alternative potential sources for antibacterial products due to their safe. They have little or no side effects and may act at multiple and novel target sites to bacteria. The study aims to evaluate antibacterial activities of leaf and flower extracts and solvent soluble fractions of the extracts against Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, the major causes of infection-related kidney stones (struvite stones). Diameters of inhibitory zones, and MIC and MBC values of the extracts and fractions against the bacteria were evaluated. The results showed that the extracts and fractions derived from flowers have activities stronger than those from leaves, especially the ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc fr.). The inhibitory zone diameters of 10 mg per paper disc of the EtOAC fr. towards Ps. aeruginosa, Pr. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae were 17, 15 and 13 mm, respectively. The EtOAC fraction. had antibacterial activity against both Ps. aeruginosa and Pr. mirabilis with MIC (MBC) values of 2.5–5.0 (7.5) mg/mL and against K. pneumoniae with MIC (MBC) values of 7.5 (10) mg/mL. The fraction needs to be more studied for identifying its major active constituents. These leaf and flower extracts of H. rosa-sinensis could be used to treat against urinary tract infections caused by multiple drug resistant bacteria.

Download Full-text

Phage Therapy Experience at the Eliava Phage Therapy Center: Three Cases of Bacterial Persistence

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13101901 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1901

Author(s):

Elisabed Zaldastanishvili ◽

Lika Leshkasheli ◽

Mariam Dadiani ◽

Lia Nadareishvili ◽

Lia Askilashvili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Adaptation Strategy ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Patient Case ◽

Before And After ◽

Therapy Center ◽

Pfge Profiles

In this retrospective descriptive study we focus on cases of three patients who underwent phage therapy procedures at Eliava Phage Therapy Center (EPTC) in Tbilisi, Georgia. Patients with chronic infectious diseases related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two patients, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (one patient, urinary tract infection (UTI)) are among those very few EPTC patients whose pathogens persisted through phage therapy. By looking at bacterial strains and personalized phages used against them we tried to point towards possible adaptation strategies that are employed by these pathogens. Genome restriction-based Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) profiling of strains isolated before and after phage therapy hints towards two strategies of adaptation. In one patient case (Pseudomonas aeruginosa related lung infection) bacterial strains before and after phage therapy were indistinguishable according to their PFGE profiles, but differed in their phage susceptibility properties. On the other hand, in two other patient cases (Pseudomonas aeruginosa related LRTI and Klebsiella pneumoniae related UTI) bacterial adaptation strategy seemed to have resulted in diversification of infecting strains of the same species. With this work we want to attract more attention to phage resistance in general as well as to its role in phage therapy.

Download Full-text

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

International Journal of Antibiotics and Probiotics ◽

10.31405/ijap.1-2.17.03 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

A.G. Salmanov ◽

A.V. Rudenko

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Providencia Rettgeri ◽

E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

Download Full-text

Activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle de Pelargonium x asperum et son potentiel synergique avec la nisine

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2019-0183 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 140-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Ouelhadj ◽

L. Ait Salem ◽

D. Djenane

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Nous Avons ◽

Activité Antibactérienne

Ce travail vise l’étude de l’activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle (HE) de Pelargoniumx asperum et de la bactériocine, la nisine seul et en combinaison vis-à-vis de six bactéries dont quatre sont multirésistantes d’origine clinique. L’activité antibactérienne in vitro a été évaluée par la méthode de diffusion sur gélose. La concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) est aussi déterminée pour HE. Les résultats ont révélé une activité antibactérienne significative exercée par HE visà-vis de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), Staphylococcus aureus et Escherichia coli avec des diamètres d’inhibition de 36,00 ; 22,50 et 40,00 mm, respectivement. Cependant, l’HE de Pelargonium asperum a montré une activité antibactérienne supérieure par rapport à la nisine. Les valeurs des CMI rapportées dans cette étude sont comprises entre 1,98–3,96 μl/ml. Les combinaisons réalisées entre HE et la nisine ont montré un effet additif vis-à-vis de Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) avec (50 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 50 % nisine). Par contre, nous avons enregistré une synergie vis-à-vis de Klebsiella pneumoniae avec (75 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 25 % nisine) et contre Pseudomonas aeruginosa avec les trois combinaisons testées. Les résultats obtenus permettent de dire que l’HE de Pelargonium asperum possède une activité antibactérienne ainsi que sa combinaison avec la nisine pourrait représenter une bonne alternative pour la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance.

Download Full-text