Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar Containing Phase Change Materials

This paper presents an investigation of the characterization of cement mortar containing phase change materials (PCMs) in order to control the development of hydration heat. The study examined microstructural characteristics and properties of cement mortar with PCMs such as flow, compressive strength, and flexural strength. This research involved two types of PCM and up to 15% cement added to cement mortar mixtures. The two types of PCM used in this study are PCM with barium (PCM-Ba) and PCM with strontium (PCM-Sr). The experimental results indicate that both the incremental temperature rise and the maximum temperature release time of PCM up to 5% addition are delayed. Both PCM-Ba and PCM-Sr are effective in reducing the development of hydration heat. The microstructural analysis results show that the crystalloid content of cement mortar without PCMs is about 3% more from cement mortar with PCMs, regardless of the type of PCMs used, and that no significant difference is evident in the formation of crystals between cement mortar with and without PCMs.

Download Full-text

Feasibility of Using Phase Change Materials to Control the Heat of Hydration in Massive Concrete Structures

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/781393 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Won-Chang Choi ◽

Bae-Soo Khil ◽

Young-Seok Chae ◽

Qi-Bo Liang ◽

Hyun-Do Yun

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Latent Heat ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Cement Mortar ◽

Concrete Structures ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Heat Of Hydration ◽

Hydration Heat ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Mass Concrete

This paper presents experimental results that can be applied to select a possible phase change material (PCM), such as a latent heat material (LHM), to control the hydration heat in mass concrete structures. Five experimental tests (microconduction, simplified adiabatic temperature rise, heat, and compressive strength tests) were conducted to select the most desirable LHM out of seven types of inorganic PCM used in cement mortar and to determine the most suitable mix design. The results of these experimental tests were used to assess the feasibility of using PCM to reduce hydration heat in mass concrete that was examined. The experimental results show that cement mortar containing barium- [Ba(OH)2·8H2O] based PCM has the lowest amount of total hydration heat of the cement pastes. The barium-based PCM provides good latent heat properties that help to prevent volume change and microcracks caused by thermal stress in mass concrete.

Download Full-text

Experimental Comparison of Three Characterization Methods for Two Phase Change Materials Suitable for Domestic Hot Water Storage

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app112110229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (21) ◽

pp. 10229

Author(s):

Maxime Thonon ◽

Laurent Zalewski ◽

Stéphane Gibout ◽

Erwin Franquet ◽

Gilles Fraisse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Mass Density ◽

Hot Water ◽

Experimental Comparison ◽

Two Phase ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Domestic Hot Water ◽

Significant Difference

This study presents an experimental comparison of three characterization methods for phase change materials (PCM). Two methods were carried out with a calorimeter, the first with direct scanning (DSC) and the second with step scanning (STEP). The third method is a fluxmetric (FM) characterization performed using a fluxmeter bench. For the three methods, paraffin RT58 and polymer PEG6000, two PCM suitable for domestic hot water (DHW) storage, were characterized. For each PCM, no significant difference was observed on the latent heat and the total energy exchanged between the three characterization methods. However, DSC and STEP methods did not enable the accurate characterization of the supercooling process observed with the FM method for polymer PEG6000. For PEG6000, the shape of the enthalpy curve of melting also differed between the experiments on the calorimeter—DSC and STEP—methods, and the FM method. Concerning the PCM comparison, RT58 and PEG6000 appeared to have an equivalent energy density but, as the mass density of PEG6000 is greater, more energy is stored inside the same volume for PEG6000. However, as PEG6000 experienced supercooling, the discharging temperature was lower than for RT58 and the material is therefore less adapted to DHW storage operating with partial phase change cycles where the PCM temperature does not decrease below 52 °C.

Download Full-text

Hydration Heat and Strength Characteristics of Cement Mortar with Phase Change Materials(PCMs)

Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute ◽

10.4334/jkci.2016.28.6.665 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 665-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seok-Joon Jang ◽

Byung-Seon Kim ◽

Sun-Woong Kim ◽

Wan-Shin Park ◽

Hyun-Do Yun

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Cement Mortar ◽

Hydration Heat ◽

Strength Characteristics

Download Full-text

Synthesis and characterization of comb‐like crosslinking polyurethane based form‐stable phase‐change materials for thermal energy storage

Polymers for Advanced Technologies ◽

10.1002/pat.5425 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yunyun Yang ◽

Weibo Kong ◽

Xufu Cai

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Phase Change ◽

Thermal Energy ◽

Thermal Energy Storage ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Stable Phase

Download Full-text

Experimental Characterization of Phase Change Materials for Refrigeration Processes

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14113033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3033

Author(s):

Anastasia Stamatiou ◽

Lukas Müller ◽

Roger Zimmermann ◽

Jamie Hillis ◽

David Oliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Phase Change ◽

Thermophysical Properties ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Latent Heat Storage ◽

Lower Energy Density ◽

Change Material ◽

Storage Units

Latent heat storage units for refrigeration processes are promising as alternatives to water/glycol-based storage due to their significantly higher energy densities, which would lead to more compact and potentially more cost-effective storages. In this study, important thermophysical properties of five phase change material (PCM) candidates are determined in the temperature range between −22 and −35 °C and their compatibility with relevant metals and polymers is investigated. The goal is to complement existing scattered information in literature and to apply a consistent testing methodology to all PCMs, to enable a more reliable comparison between them. More specifically, the enthalpy of fusion, melting point, density, compatibility with aluminum, copper, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), neoprene and butyl rubber, are experimentally determined for 1-heptanol, n-decane, propionic acid, NaCl/water mixtures, and Al(NO3)3/water mixtures. The results of the investigations reveal individual strengths and weaknesses of the five candidates. Further, 23.3 wt.% NaCl in water stands out for its very high volumetric energy density and n-decane follows with a lower energy density but better compatibility with surrounding materials and supercooling performance. The importance of using consistent methodologies to determine thermophysical properties when the goal is to compare PCM performance is highlighted.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Unripe and Mature Avocado Seed Oil in Different Proportions as Phase Change Materials and Simulation of Their Cooling Storage

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26010107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Evelyn Reyes-Cueva ◽

Juan Francisco Nicolalde ◽

Javier Martínez-Gómez

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Energy System ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Renewable Materials ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Avocado Seed

Environmental problems have been associated with energy consumption and waste management. A solution is the development of renewable materials such as organic phase change materials. Characterization of new materials allows knowing their applications and simulations provide an idea of how they can developed. Consequently, this research is focused on the thermal and chemical characterization of five different avocado seed oils depending on the maturity stage of the seed: 100% unripe, 25% mature-75% unripe, 50% mature-50% unripe, 75% mature-25% unripe, and 100% mature. The characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The best oil for natural environments corresponded to 100% matured seed with an enthalpy of fusion of 52.93 J·g−1, and a degradation temperature between 241–545 °C. In addition, the FTIR analysis shows that unripe seed oil seems to contain more lipids than a mature one. Furthermore, a simulation with an isothermal box was conducted with the characterized oil with an initial temperature of −14 °C for the isothermal box, −27 °C for the PCM box, and an ambient temperature of 25 °C. The results show that without the PCM the temperature can reach −8 °C and with it is −12 °C after 7 h, proving its application as a cold thermal energy system.

Download Full-text

Influence of Adding Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in Aerial Lime Based Mortars

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.687.255 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 687 ◽

pp. 255-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Sandra Cunha ◽

José Barroso Aguiar ◽

Victor Ferreira ◽

António Tadeu

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

High Growth ◽

High Energy ◽

High Growth Rate ◽

Aesthetic Appearance ◽

Hardened State ◽

High Energy Consumption

Increasingly in a society with a high growth rate and standards of comfort, the need to minimize the currently high energy consumption by taking advantage of renewable energy sources arises. The mortars with incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) have the ability to regulate the temperature inside buildings, contributing for an increase in the level of thermal comfort and reduction of the use of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, using only the energy supplied by the sun. However, the incorporation of PCM in mortars modifies some of its characteristics. Therefore, the main objective of this study was the characterization of mortars doped with two different phase change materials. Specific properties of different PCM, such as particle size, shape and enthalpy were studied, as well as the properties of the fresh and hardened state of these mortars. Nine different compositions were developed which were initially doped with microcapsules of PCM A and subsequently doped with microcapsules of PCM B. It was possible to observe that the incorporation of phase change materials in mortars causes differences in properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength and shrinkage. After the study of the behaviour of these mortars with the incorporation of two different phase change materials, it was possible to select the composition with a better compromise between its aesthetic appearance, physical and mechanical characteristics.

Download Full-text