scholarly journals Assessment of Deep Learning Methodology for Self-Organizing 5G Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 2975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeeshan Asghar ◽  
Mudassar Abbas ◽  
Khaula Zeeshan ◽  
Pyry Kotilainen ◽  
Timo Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Self Organizing Networks ◽  
Self Organizing

In this paper, we present an auto-encoder-based machine learning framework for self organizing networks (SON). Traditional machine learning approaches, for example, K Nearest Neighbor, lack the ability to be precisely predictive. Therefore, they can not be extended for sequential data in the true sense because they require a batch of data to be trained on. In this work, we explore artificial neural network-based approaches like the autoencoders (AE) and propose a framework. The proposed framework provides an advantage over traditional machine learning approaches in terms of accuracy and the capability to be extended with other methods. The paper provides an assessment of the application of autoencoders (AE) for cell outage detection. First, we briefly introduce deep learning (DL) and also shed light on why it is a promising technique to make self organizing networks intelligent, cognitive, and intuitive so that they behave as fully self-configured, self-optimized, and self-healed cellular networks. The concept of SON is then explained with applications of intrusion detection and mobility load balancing. Our empirical study presents a framework for cell outage detection based on an autoencoder using simulated data obtained from a SON simulator. Finally, we provide a comparative analysis of the proposed framework with the existing frameworks.

scholarly journals Detection of Ovarian Tumor Using Machine Learning Approaches A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Wadhwa ◽  
Mansi Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Female Sex Hormones

The important part of female reproductive system is ovaries. The importance of these tiny glands is derived from the production of female sex hormones and female gametes. The place of these ductless almond shaped tiny glandular organs is on just opposite sides of uterus attached with ovarian ligament. There are several reasons due to which ovarian cancer can arise but it can be classified by using different number of techniques. Early prediction of ovarian cancer will decrease its progress rate and may possibly save countless lives. CAD systems (Computer-aided diagnosis) is a noninvasive routine for finding ovarian cancer in its initial stages of cancer which can keep away patients’ anxiety and unnecessary biopsy. This review paper states us about how we can use different techniques to classify the ovarian cancer tumor. In this survey effort we have also deliberate about the comparison of different machine learning algorithms like K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine and deep learning techniques used in classification process of ovarian cancer. Later comparing the different techniques for this type of cancer detection, it gives the impression that Deep Learning Technique has provided good results and come out with good accuracy and other performance metrics.

Application of Machine Learning Approaches for the Design and Study of Anticancer Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hu ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Mengying Zhang ◽  
Xiaosheng Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Activity Prediction ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Background: Globally the number of cancer patients and deaths are continuing to increase yearly, and cancer has, therefore, become one of the world&#039;s highest causes of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the study of anticancer drugs has become one of the most popular medical topics. </P><P> Objective: In this review, in order to study the application of machine learning in predicting anticancer drugs activity, some machine learning approaches such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Principal components analysis (PCA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random forest (RF), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), and Naïve Bayes (NB) were selected, and the examples of their applications in anticancer drugs design are listed. </P><P> Results: Machine learning contributes a lot to anticancer drugs design and helps researchers by saving time and is cost effective. However, it can only be an assisting tool for drug design. </P><P> Conclusion: This paper introduces the application of machine learning approaches in anticancer drug design. Many examples of success in identification and prediction in the area of anticancer drugs activity prediction are discussed, and the anticancer drugs research is still in active progress. Moreover, the merits of some web servers related to anticancer drugs are mentioned.

PREDICTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE BASED ON ENSEMBLE LEARNING APPROACHES AND CO-EXPRESSED OBSERVATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1640010 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING-TSANG LO ◽  
HAMIDO FUJITA ◽  
TUN-WEN PAI
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Voting Mechanism

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most representative cardiovascular diseases. Early and accurate prediction of CAD based on physiological measurements can reduce the risk of heart attack through medicine therapy, healthy diet, and regular physical activity. Methods:Four heart disease datasets from the UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository were combined and re-examined to remove incomplete entries, and a total of 822 cases were utilized in this study. Seven machine learning methods, including Naïve Bayes, artificial neural networks (ANNs), sequential minimal optimization (SMO), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), AdaBoost, J48, and random forest, were adopted to analyze the collected datasets for CAD prediction. By combining co-expressed observations and an ensemble voting mechanism, we designed and evaluated a new medical decision classifier for CAD prediction. The TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) algorithm was applied to determine the best prediction method for CAD diagnosis. Results: Features of systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, heart rate, and ST depression are considered to be the most significant differences between patients with and without CADs. We show that the prediction capability of seven machine learning classifiers can be enhanced by integrating combinations of observed co-expressed features. Finally, compared to the use of any single classifier, the proposed voting mechanism achieved optimal performance according to TOPSIS.

scholarly journals A Deep Learning Approach for Classification and Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Jyotiyana ◽  
Nishtha Kesswani ◽  
Munish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Abstract Deep learning techniques are playing an important role in the classification and prediction of diseases. Undoubtedly deep learning has a promising future in the health sector, especially in medical imaging. The popularity of deep learning approaches is because of their ability to handle a large amount of data related to the patients with accuracy, reliability in a short span of time. However, the practitioners may take time in analyzing and generating reports. In this paper, we have proposed a Deep Neural Network-based classification model for Parkinson’s disease. Our proposed method is one such good example giving faster and more accurate results for the classification of Parkinson’s disease patients with excellent accuracy of 94.87%. Based on the attributes of the dataset of the patient, the model can be used for the identification of Parkinsonism's. We have also compared the results with other existing approaches like Linear Discriminant Analysis, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Classification and Regression Trees, Random Forest, Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron, and Naive Bayes.

Machine Learning Approach to Differentiation of Peripheral Schwannomas and Neurofibromas: A Multi-Center Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth Tong ◽  
Sam Wong ◽  
Forrest Hamrick ◽  
Maryam Mohammadzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Spontaneous Pain ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor

Abstract Background Non-invasive differentiation between schwannomas and neurofibromas is important for appropriate management, preoperative counseling, and surgical planning, but has proven difficult using conventional imaging. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate machine learning approaches for differentiating peripheral schwannomas from neurofibromas. Methods We assembled a cohort of schwannomas and neurofibromas from 3 independent institutions and extracted high-dimensional radiomic features from gadolinium-enhanced, T1-weighted MRI using the PyRadiomics package on Quantitative Imaging Feature Pipeline. Age, sex, neurogenetic syndrome, spontaneous pain, and motor deficit were recorded. We evaluated the performance of 6 radiomics-based classifier models with and without clinical features and compared model performance against human expert evaluators. Results 107 schwannomas and 59 neurofibroma were included. The primary models included both clinical and imaging data. The accuracy of the human evaluators (0.765) did not significantly exceed the no-information rate (NIR), whereas the Support Vector Machine (0.929), Logistic Regression (0.929), and Random Forest (0.905) classifiers exceeded the NIR. Using the method of DeLong, the AUC for the Logistic Regression (AUC=0.923) and K Nearest Neighbor (AUC=0.923) classifiers was significantly greater than the human evaluators (AUC=0.766; p = 0.041). Conclusions The radiomics-based classifiers developed here proved to be more accurate and had a higher AUC on the ROC curve than expert human evaluators. This demonstrates that radiomics using routine MRI sequences and clinical features can aid in differentiation of peripheral schwannomas and neurofibromas.

Classification Algorithms for Determining Handwritten Digit

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder AL-Behadili
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Mathematical Techniques

Data-intensive science is a critical science paradigm that interferes with all other sciences. Data mining (DM) is a powerful and useful technology with wide potential users focusing on important meaningful patterns and discovers a new knowledge from a collected dataset. Any predictive task in DM uses some attribute to classify an unknown class. Classification algorithms are a class of prominent mathematical techniques in DM. Constructing a model is the core aspect of such algorithms. However, their performance highly depends on the algorithm behavior upon manipulating data. Focusing on binarazaition as an approach for preprocessing, this paper analysis and evaluates different classification algorithms when construct a model based on accuracy in the classification task. The Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten digits dataset provided by Yann LeCun has been used in evaluation. The paper focuses on machine learning approaches for handwritten digits detection. Machine learning establishes classification methods, such as K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Neural Networks (NN). Results showed that the knowledge-based method, i.e. NN algorithm, is more accurate in determining the digits as it reduces the error rate. The implication of this evaluation is providing essential insights for computer scientists and practitioners for choosing the suitable DM technique that fit with their data.

scholarly journals A data-driven methodology for the classification of different liquids in artificial taste recognition applications with a pulse voltammetric electronic tongue

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 155014771988160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jersson X Leon-Medina ◽  
Leydi J Cardenas-Flechas ◽  
Diego A Tibaduiza
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor

Electronic tongue-type sensor arrays are devices used to determine the quality of substances and seek to imitate the main components of the human sense of taste. For this purpose, an electronic tongue-based system makes use of sensors, data acquisition systems, and a pattern recognition system. Particularly, in the latter, machine learning techniques are useful in data analysis and have been used to solve classification and regression problems. However, one of the problems in the use of this kind of device is associated with the development of reliable pattern recognition algorithms and robust data analysis. In this sense, this work introduces a taste recognition methodology, which is composed of several steps including unfolding data, data normalization, principal component analysis for compressing the data, and classification through different machine learning models. The proposed methodology is tested using data from an electronic tongue with 13 different liquid substances; this electronic tongue uses multifrequency large amplitude pulse signal voltammetry. Results show that the methodology is able to perform the classification accurately and the best results are obtained when it includes the use of K-nearest neighbor machine in terms of accuracy compared with other kinds of machine learning approaches. Besides, the comparison to evaluate the methodology is made with different classification performance measures that show the behavior of the process in a single number.

scholarly journals A Survey On Missing Data in Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tlamelo Emmanuel ◽  
Thabiso Maupong ◽  
Dimane Mpoeleng ◽  
Thabo Semong ◽  
Mphago Banyatsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor

Abstract Machine learning has been the corner stone in analysing and extracting information from data and often a problem of missing values is encountered. Missing values occur as a result of various factors like missing completely at random, missing at random or missing not at random. All these may be as a result of system malfunction during data collection or human error during data pre-processing. Nevertheless, it is important to deal with missing values before analysing data since ignoring or omitting missing values may result in biased or misinformed analysis. In literature there have been several proposals for handling missing values. In this paper we aggregate some of the literature on missing data particularly focusing on machine learning techniques. We also give insight on how the machine learning approaches work by highlighting the key features of the proposed techniques, how they perform, their limitations and the kind of data they are most suitable for. Finally, we experiment on the K nearest neighbor and random forest imputation techniques on novel power plant induced fan data and offer some possible future research direction.

scholarly journals Investigating Machine Learning Approaches for Bitcoin Ransomware Payment Detection Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216-1222
Author(s):  
Kirat Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Digital World ◽  
F Measure ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Cryptocurrencies have revolutionized the process of trading in the digital world. Roughly one decade since the induction of the first bitcoin block, thousands of cryptocurrencies have been introduced. The anonymity offered by the cryptocurrencies also attracted the perpetuators of cybercrime. This paper attempts to examine the different machine learning approaches for efficiently identifying ransomware payments made to the operators using bitcoin transactions. Machine learning models may be developed based on patterns differentiating such cybercrime operations from normal bitcoin transactions in order to identify and report attacks. The machine learning approaches are evaluated on bitcoin ransomware dataset. Experimental results show that Gradient Boosting and XGBoost algorithms achieved better detection rate with respect to precision, recall and F-measure rates when compared with k-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and Multilayer Perceptron approaches

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