scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Different Periodontal Splint Materials: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4197
Author(s):  
Shahabe Saquib ◽  
AlQarni Abdullah ◽  
Das Gotam ◽  
Naqash Talib ◽  
Sibghatullah Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Splinting of the mobile teeth is a critical part of periodontal management to improve the prognosis and longevity of stable results of periodontally compromised teeth with increased mobility. Different types of splints are used in the dental field based on their mechanical and physical properties.The objective of the current in vitro study was to evaluate the flexure strength and flexural modulus of different types of splinting materials, such as: composite block, ligature wire, Ribbond®, InFibra®, and F-splint-Aid® bonded utilizing Flowable composites resin material. Seventy-five bar specimens were prepared with the dimensions of 25 × 4 × 2 mm, utilizing split metallic mold. Specimens were divided equally (n = 15) into five groups (one control group, four test groups). Different layers of splinting material were placed in between the layers of composite before curing. All the specimens were subjected to a three-point bending test by using a universal testing machine to calculate the flexural strength and flexural modulus. The entire data was subjected to statistical tests to evaluate the significance. Specimens from composite block groups showed the least mean value for flexural strength (89.15 ± 9.70 MPa) and flexural modulus (4.310 ± 0.912 GPa). Whereas, the highest mean value for flexural strength (168.04 ± 45.95 MPa) and flexural modulus (5.861 ± 0.501 GPa) were recorded by Ribbond® specimens. Inter group comparison of flexural strength showed statistically significant differences (P-value < 0.05), whereas comparison of flexural modulus showed non-significant difference among the groups (P-value > 0.05). Within the limitation of the present study, it was concluded that the Ribbond® exhibits maximum flexural strength and flexural modulus, whereas the composite blocks recorded the least values. Still, the decision making depends on the clinical scenario and the unique characteristic of each splint material.

scholarly journals An In-vitro Study to Determine the Sealing Ability of Biodentine when used as a Class II Restorative Material

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deebah Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Base Material ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
P Value ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Microleakage is a major setback to restorative dentistry. Leakage at the tooth/restoration interface may lead to numerous problems like postoperative sensitivity, recurrent caries, marginal sealing and later total failure of restoration. Aim: To determine the sealing ability (microleakage) of a new hydraulic calcium silicate cement (Biodentine) as a base material and a bulk filling material. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted with ten freshly extracted maxillary molars from March 2019 to June 2019. Standardised Class II cavities were prepared on mesial and distal proximal surfaces. The twenty prepared samples were randomly divided into two groups (n=10)- G1 (BiodentineTM group) and G2 (BiodentineTM + Tetric N-Ceram group). The samples were subjected to thermocycling, followed by 1% methylene blue dye immersion. They were subsequently sectioned both buccolingually and mesiodistally in order to separate to proximal restorations (mesial and distal) and appreciate the amount of dye penetration at tooth/restoration interface respectively. Microleakage was evaluated by observing the samples under a stereomicroscope (30x). The data obtained was analysed using one-way ANOVA test and compared using Post-hoc test. p-value <0.05 to be considered significant. Results: Biodentine showed no significant difference between the sealing ability as a bulk filling and a base material. Group G2 (0.35) indicated comparatively less microleakage as compared to Group G1 (0.6) but the difference in microleakages in both groups was insignificant (p-value 0.083467). Conclusion: BiodentineTM exhibits microleakage when used as a bulk filling material and as a dentin substitute in Class II cavities since there is no significant difference in both the groups.

scholarly journals IN VITRO STUDY ON MARGINAL MICROLEAKAGE OF FOUR TEMPORARY CEMENTS IN PROVISIONAL CROWNS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi Nag ◽  
Dr. Jagjeet Singh ◽  
Dr. Abhilasha Masih Gottlieb ◽  
Dr. Ponnanna A. A. ◽  
Dr. Nikhil Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Luting Cement ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Prolonged retention of provisional restoration is depends upon the long term affinity between restoration and teeth structures which depend upon the use of good mechanical characteristics, low solubility, and superior adhesion  quality of luting cement which also resist bacterial and molecular penetration. Hence, assessment of marginal leakage of provisional restorative materials sealed with provisional cements using the standardized procedures is essential. Aim: This study aimed at in vitro study of microleakage of 4 provisional cements, a cavity base compound and a zinc-phosphate luting cement in provisional acrylic resin crowns fixed on extracted human teeth. Material & Methods:  The teeth with acrylic restorations were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6 specimens each. Each group received different types of temporary cement. Acrylic resin crowns were made and fitted on intact human premolars with the 4 cements. All restorations were applied in a standardized manner. Specimen were submerged in a 2% methylene blue solution, then sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope for the detection of marginal microleakage. Obtained data were subjected to ANNOVA and Chi –square test to know statistical significant difference between different groups.  P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results and observation: Mean frequency of microleakage was statistically significant among all the groups under study with Pvalue<0.017. Conclusion: Among all the temporary cement, Zinc-phosphate cements has the best property with reduced microleakage. Even it is used as cavity base but can be used as good temporary cement as far as microleakage is concerned. Key words, Microleakage, provisional cement, restorations, crowns, in vitro

scholarly journals Mechanical Pull-Out Test of a New Hybrid Fixture-Abutment Connection: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1555
Author(s):  
Gianmaria D’addazio ◽  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Lorenzo Arcuri ◽  
Beatrice Femminella ◽  
Giovanna Murmura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
New Type

Implant abutment connection was described among the main causes of peri-implant bone resorption. The aim of this in vitro study was to test the coupling capacity, the surface modification of a new hybrid connection and the influence of repeated connection activations caused during the main clinical and laboratory phases. A total of 40 implant-abutment screw retained systems with 10°-conical and internal hexagon connection were tested. The connection was screwed, fixed to the universal test machine, removed the screw and a pull-out test was performed. Test was repeated five times in succession. Also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to detect microscopically surface modification. Analysis of variance and Tukey tests were used for the statistical analysis. Pull-out test reveals a mean value of 131.35 ± 16.52 Newton Centimeter (N·cm). For each single activation, results from first to fifth were: 113.9 ± 13.02, 126.1 ± 12.81, 138.11 ± 15.15, 138.8 ± 11.90 and 140 ± 12.99 N·cm. A statistically significant difference between the measurements and an increase in the removal force was shown. The collected data supports the use of this new type of connection, resulting in a very strong interface between implant and abutment. Also, repeated activation of connection can promote a better coupling of the implant-abutment interface.

scholarly journals Influence of Intra-Oral Scanner (I.O.S.) on The Marginal Accuracy of CAD/CAM Single Crowns

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Ferrini ◽  
Gianpaolo Sannino ◽  
Carlo Chiola ◽  
Paolo Capparé ◽  
Giorgio Gastaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Marginal Gap ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
True Definition

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of digital workflows generated by different scanners (Intra-oral digital scanners (I.O.S.s)) focusing on marginal fit analysis. A customized chrome-cobalt (Cr-Co) implant abutment simulating a maxillary right first molar was fixed in hemi-maxillary stone model and scanned by eight different I.O.S.s: Omnicam® (Denstply Sirona, Verona, Italy) CS3500®, CS3600®, (Carestream Dental, Atlanta, GA, USA), True Definition Scanner® (3M, St. Paul, MN, USA), DWIO® (Dental Wings, Montreal, Quebec, Canada), PlanScan® (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland), 3D PROGRESS Plus® (MHT, Verona, Italy), TRIOS 3® (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Nine scans were performed by each tested I.O.S. and 72 copings were designed using a dental computer-assisted-design/computer-assisted-manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software (exocad GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). According to CAD data, zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) copings were digitally milled (Roland DWX-50, Irvine, CA, USA). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) direct vision allowed for marginal gap measurements in eight points for each specimen. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean, standard deviation, and median, while the Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to determine whether the marginal discrepancies were significantly different between each group (significance level p < 0.05). The overall mean marginal gap value and standard deviation were 53.45 ± 30.52 μm. The minimum mean value (40.04 ± 18.90 μm) was recorded by PlanScan®, then 3D PROGRESS Plus® (40.20 ± 21.91 μm), True Definition Scanner® (40.82 ± 26.19 μm), CS3500® (54.82 ± 28.86 μm) CS3600® (59,67 ± 28.72 μm), Omnicam® (61.57 ± 38.59 μm), DWIO® (62.49 ± 31.54 μm), while the maximum mean value (67.95 ± 30.41 μm) was recorded by TRIOS 3®. The Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed a statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.5) in the mean marginal gaps between copings produced by 3D PROGRESS Plus®, PlanScan, True Definition Scanner, and the other evaluated I.O.S.s. The use of an I.O.S. for digital impressions may be a viable alternative to analog techniques. Although in this in vitro study PlanScan®, 3D PROGRESS Plus® and True Definition Scanner® may have showed the best performances, all I.O.S.s tested could provide clinically encouraging results especially in terms of marginal accuracy, since mean marginal gap values were all within the clinically acceptable threshold of 120 μm.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Force Deflection Property of Nickel-Titanium Wires of Four Manufacturers using Five Point Bending Test: An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgy John ◽  
Vaishali Vadgaonkar ◽  
Parag Gangurde
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Niti Wire ◽  
Graph Paper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Niti Wires

Introduction: Over the last century, material science has made rapid progress. In orthodontics, not only the materials improved, but also the philosophies have changed. Orthodontic wires, which generate biomechanical forces through brackets for tooth movement, are central to the practice of this profession. Aim: To measure the force deflection properties of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) wires of four manufacturers, used during orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 480 NiTi wires from four different manufacturers [American Orthodontics (AO), 3M-Unitek (3M), Rabbit Force Orthodontics (RO) and Modern Orthodontics (MO)], of various cross-sections was obtained. Samples of each wire were obtained by cutting the straightest distal portion of an arch wire, thus an approximate length of 5.5 cms was recovered. These wires were subjected to a five point bending test. Five lower anterior stainless steel brackets of tooth number 31, 32, 41, 42 (MBT 0.022” Libral traders Centrino brackets) were fixed with the face of the bracket facing upwards on the acrylic block. Each NiTi wire was placed in the slots of orthodontic brackets and secured with stainless steel ligature wires. These wires were subjected to artificial saliva (Wet Mouth) for 30 days at 37°C. This temperature was regulated by using an incubator. The main assessment criterion was the force deflection property of the wire material. Force deflection was measured using a graph paper where initially the wire was placed and plotted on the graph paper. After the deflection of the wire, it was again placed on the same graph paper such that wire ends coincided and the force deflection at the highest point was measured in millimetres using a digital Vernier Caliper (Mitutoyu). The Design of Experiments (DOE) model was used for analysis and a three-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with wire shape as covariate was used for analysing the variability. Results: A 0.014” NiTi wire showed more mean deflection when compared to 0.016” NiTi wire. When a comparison between 0.016”×0.022” and 0.017”×0.025” NiTi wires was done, mean deflection was almost the same. When round and rectangular wires were compared it showed more mean deflection in round wires. When AO was compared with other three manufacturers. A significant difference (p-value <0.0001) was seen in the mean deflection values of MO and RO. When 3M was compared with the other three manufacturers a significant difference (p-value <0.0001) was seen in the mean deflection values of MO and RO. Three-way ANOVA test with wire shape as co-variate showed a significant amount of difference (p<0.0001) for AO, 3M wires with their counterparts. Conclusion: Round NiTi wires showed more force deflection as compared to rectangular NiTi wires. AO and 3M wires were superior as compared to RO and MO wires. Superelastic wires showed more deflection as compared to conventional and heat- activated NiTi. This can be attributed to the property of the wire. Stiffer the wire, less deflection was seen. Cost of the wire also played a role. Cheaper wires were not able to match the quality and standards of their counterparts.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of three dimensional accuracy of different types of interocclusal recording materials - an in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Dwivedi ◽  
Kavita Maru ◽  
Aakash Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measuring Machine

Introduction. The interocclusal registration materials record the occlusal relationship between the natural and /or artificial teeth for planning an occlusal rehabilitation in removable and fixed partial dentures. Aim and objectives. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy and the three dimensional stability offered by three different types of interocclusal recording materials at storage time intervals of 1 hour and 24 hours. Methods. Three commercially available interocclusal recording materials were used - Group I - Polyether bite registration paste (Ramitec), Group II- Polyvinylsiloxane bite registration material (Imprint), Group III- Bite registration wax (Maarc).The test was carried out using an epoxy resin model. A total of 30 samples were made with each group consisting of ten samples. Three dimensional measurements were carried out by using 3D-Coordinate measuring machine (CMM) at time intervals of 0-1 hour and 0-24 hours in X, Y and Z- axis.   Results. Twelve readings were obtained for three axes (4 readings for each sample at 1 axis) and the averages of these four values were noted for a particular axis (X/Y/Z). Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparison among the groups and then Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests was performed for comparison among groups at the 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion. Polyvinylsiloxane was dimensionally the most stable material followed by polyether and finally bite registration wax. Dimensional accuracy and stability is influenced by both “material” and “time” factors.

Comparative Study of the Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Local Made Orthodontic Resins: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassanaporn Saen-Isara ◽  
Sirasa Yodmongkol ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Toemsak Srikhirin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the flexural strength and flexural modulus of three formulae self-curing acrylic resin with commercial orthodontic resin.

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