scholarly journals MS-222 and Propofol Sedation during and after the Simulated Transport of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Luís Félix ◽  
Rita Correia ◽  
Rita Sequeira ◽  
Cristiana Ribeiro ◽  
Sandra Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
External Stimuli

The use of anesthetics has been suggested as a strategy to hamper live fish transport-induced stress. Still, there is insufficient data available on the use of alternative anesthetics to MS-222. This study investigated the use of propofol to mitigate stress in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, 143.8 ± 20.9 g and 20.4 ± 0.9 cm) during a 6 h simulated transport. Individuals (n = 7) were divided into three groups: control, 40 mg L−1 MS-222, and 0.8 mg L−1 propofol. A naïve group non-transported was also considered. During the 6 h transport and 24 h after, the response to external stimuli, opercular movements, water quality parameters, behavior, blood hematology and other physiological values, the histopathology of the gills, the quality of the fillet, and oxidative-stress changes in gills, muscle, brain, and liver were evaluated. Propofol increased swimming activity of fish but decreased opercular movements and responses to external stimuli, indicating oscillations of the sedation depth. Water pH and glucose levels increased, while hematocrit (HCT) and lactate decreased in propofol groups at 6 h. At this time-point, MS-222 also induced a decrease in the HCT and lactate levels while increasing cortisol levels. Despite these effects, the stress-related behaviors lessened with anesthetics compared to the control group. After the recovery period, physiological responses normalized in animals from both anesthetic groups, but the control still had high cortisol levels. Overall, propofol is a good alternative for the transportation of this species, showing efficient sedation without compromising health or fillet quality. However, further pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics knowledge is required to support its use in aquaculture settings.

scholarly journals Microplastics-Induced Eryptosis and Poikilocytosis in Early-Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hamed ◽  
Alaa G. M. Osman ◽  
Ahmed E. A. Badrey ◽  
Hamdy A. M. Soliman ◽  
Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Nuclear Abnormalities ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to assess the impact of microplastics (MPs) on erythrocytes using eryptosis (apoptosis) and an erythron profile (poikilocytosis and nuclear abnormalities), considered to be novel biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In this study, four groups of fish were used: The first was the control group. In the second group, 1 mg/L of MPs was introduced to the samples. The third group was exposed to 10 mg/L of MPs. Finally, the fourth group was exposed to 100 mg/L of MPs for 15 days, following 15 days of recovery. The fish treated with MPs experienced an immense rise in the eryptosis percentage, poikilocytosis, and nuclear abnormalities of red blood cells (RBCs) compared with the control group in a concentration-dependent manner. Poikilocytosis of MP-exposed groups included sickle cell shape, schistocyte, elliptocyte, acanthocyte, and other shapes. Nuclear abnormalities of the MPs-exposed groups included micronuclei, binucleated erythrocytes, notched, lobed, blebbed, and hemolyzed nuclei. After the recovery period, a greater percentage of eryptosis, poikilocytotic cells, and nuclear abnormalities in RBCs were still evident in the groups exposed to MPs when crosschecked with the control group. The results show concerning facts regarding the toxicity of MPs in tilapia.

scholarly journals Effect of pollution with lead, cupper, cadmium on gene expression pattern of liver GST and serum lysozymes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis. niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Enas Hassan ◽  
Gehad El-Sayed ◽  
Azza Hassan ◽  
Shaimaa Abd Elsalam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of pollution with lead, copper, cadmium on the gene expression pattern of liver Glutathione-S-transferase and serum lysozyme in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis. niloticus). Design: Descriptive study. Fish: A Total of 120 Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) samples were collected from Lake Manzala, and drainage water at different localities. Procedures: Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations residues within mid-dorsal muscle tissue, within gills, liver, and kidney were determined. Erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, Packed Cell volume and other blood indices, as well as, total leukocyte count were measured. Biochemically, Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase activities, total protein, creatinine, uric acid, lysozymes activity were estimated. GST gene expression was determined in the liver. Results: The results showed that Pb, Cu and Cd were bio accumulated at a higher level in the liver, kidney and gills of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) from all sampling sites. The levels of the ALT and AST were increased, total protein and Albumin concentrations were decreased. Creatinine and uric acid were significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased in all groups (compared to the control group. Hematological parameters and lysozyme activity were decreased. Up regulation of the hepatic GST expression levels in Nile tilapia exposed to the heavy metals in comparison to the control value. Conclusion and clinical relevance: This study shows that lead, copper and cadmium were bio accumulated at higher concentration in liver, kidney, gills and muscles of Nile tilapia due to large industrial activities near locations of the sampling sites. Additionally, GST gene expression represents sensitive biomarker of aquatic pollution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in four farmed strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Gláucia Frasnelli Mian ◽  
Charles Oswaldo Roncancio ◽  
Maria Cristina de Souza Silva ◽  
Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira ◽  
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has always been considered more resistant to diseases compared to other fish species. However, in recent decades, this fish species has also been susceptible to many bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and nutritional diseases. In Brazil, streptococcosis is one of the main diseases that affect tilapia and has caused many economic losses. A resistance test was conducted with 93 tilapia of four varieties (UFLA strain and three commercial varieties: SC1, SC2, and SC3) to evaluate resistance to experimental inoculation with Streptococcus agalactiae. Each variety was distributed in five aquariums, with nine specimens of the same variety. Among the five aquariums, four housed fish were intraperitoneally inoculated with 107 CFU/fish of S. agalactiae and one aquarium harbored fish from the control group, which received 0.1 mL of sterile BHI (Brain Heart Infusion). Significant differences were observed in the survival rates accumulated at the end of the experiment (day 15), with values of 22, 36, 36, and 15% for SC1, SC2, SC3, and UFLA, respectively. The UFLA strain presented lower survival than other strains, which did not differ among the 15 days of challenge. These results demonstrate that there are animals with a better response to the resistance test than others.

scholarly journals Hematology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to anesthesia and anticoagulation protocols

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4237
Author(s):  
Nadia Cristine Weinert ◽  
Julieta Volpato ◽  
Ádson Costa ◽  
Rozyanne Rosa Antunes ◽  
Aldo Camargo de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Apparently Healthy

<p>Clinical hematology facilitates the diagnosis of disease and can act as a prognostic indicator of pathological conditions in fish. The aim of the present study was to evaluate hematological parameters of Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) subjected to different anesthetics and anticoagulants. Thirty apparently healthy fishes (average weight of 473 ± 35. 50 g and mean total length of 29. 33 ± 0. 37 cm), were selected from the local commercial fish farm in the Lages municipality (Santa Catarina, Brazil). The animals were randomly divided into three groups of 10. In two groups, anesthesia was induced with eugenol (70 mg·L- 1) (EG) and Benzocaine hydrochloride (100 mg·L-1) (BG), respectively. Anesthesia was not administered to fish of the third group (CG/control group). Blood samples were obtained by venipuncture of the caudal vessels and placed into microtubes containing sodium heparin or Na2EDTA for further analysis. The results were analyzed by Sigma Stat for Windows, the paired t-test for significant differences between anticoagulants of the same group, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test for comparison of means between groups (p ? 0. 05). Most of the observed changes in the erythrogram were significantly higher for the anticoagulant heparin and benzocaine group in comparison to the control group. However, the values obtained for the leukogram were significantly higher for all groups subjected to the Na2EDTA anticoagulant, suggesting that heparin may cause cell clumping. The results suggest that the anesthetics under investigation effectively minimizes the effects of stress caused by handling and invasive procedures, and that the anticoagulant heparin causes less hemolysis in comparison to Na2EDTA for Nile tilapia. Thus, the hematological variations attributed to different anesthetic protocols and/or different anticoagulants should be considered for the species <em>Oreochromis niloticus. </em></p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of parasitic infections on cultured Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) In Bong County, Liberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
S. Addo ◽  
S. Mullah ◽  
P. K. Ofori-Danson ◽  
S. K. K. Amponsah ◽  
J. O. Nyarko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Fish Samples

This study investigated the prevalence rate, relative abundance and mean intensity of par­asites infecting cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. in three fish farms, Gbarnga, Warta and CARI in Bong County, Liberia. Organs from thirty fish samples were exam­ined from September 2016 to February 2017, along with water quality parameters. Results showed the occurrence of seven parasites including protozoans, monogeneans, digeneans, cestodes, hirudineans, nematodes and crustaceans which were organ specific in terms of infection. The prevalence of the parasites varied seasonally, with the highest numbers oc­curring in November-January. The low prevalence rate, relative abundance and mean in­tensity of the parasites showed no threat to fish farmers in Liberia. All the water quality parameters were at desirable levels for the culture of the fish except nitrite, which was beyond the threshold for sustainable fish culture. It is therefore concluded that although parasitic infections in the three farms in the Bong County were low, best farm management practices are essential.

Effects of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa bloom on liver of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sumaiya Ahmed ◽  
Bernd Giese ◽  
Volker Schulz ◽  
Md Sagir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Vascular Proliferation

The effects of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa on the liver of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus were investigated in the laboratory. Four treatments were setup into aquariums for 15 days to investigate the histopathological changes exposed to Microcystis aeruginosa bloom. Fishes of treatment A1 were treated as a control group and given artificial feed. In the three treatments (A2, A3 and A4), the M. aeruginosa cell concentration were 35 × 102, 72 × 102, 149 × 102 colony/ml, respectively. In the control group, no histopathological change was observed. In exposed fish, histopathological alterations were characterized by swollen and granular cytoplasm, vascular proliferation, bile stasis, fatty change and focal necrosis. Histopathological changes were observed within five days of exposure when fish exposed to moderate (72 × 102 colony/ml) to high (149 × 102 colony/ml) bloom concentration, whereas it took 15 days in lower concentration (35 × 102 colony/ml). Histopathological changes proved that intake of toxic M. aeruginosa bloom by aquatic animals, particularly Nile tilapia has significant effects on its internal organs that may cause of massive mortality. Accordingly, cyanotoxin accumulation in fish tissue my pose a risk to human health through the food chain.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(1): 1-10, 2017

scholarly journals Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Figueiredo-Fernandes ◽  
Jorge V. Ferreira-Cardoso ◽  
Sofia Garcia-Santos ◽  
Sandra M. Monteiro ◽  
João Carrola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gill Epithelium ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Somatic Index ◽  
Normal Architecture

Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, of both sexes were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 of waterborne copper for a period of 21 days. Liver and gill samples were collected after 21 days of exposure to copper and lesions were analyzed by light microscopy. The main histopathological changes observed in gills exposed to the highest concentration were edema, lifting of lamellar epithelia and an intense vasodilatation of the lamellar vascular axis. Although less frequent, lamellar fusion caused by the filamentar epithelium proliferation and some lamellar aneurisms were also found. The liver of control group exhibited a quite normal architecture, while the fish exposed to copper showed vacuolation and necrosis. These hepatic alterations were more evident in fish exposed to 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 copper concentrations. The number of hepatocytes nucleus per mm² of hepatic tissue decreased with the increase of copper concentration. In contrast, the hepatic somatic index was high in fish exposed at 2.5mg L-1 of copper. In short, this work advance new knowledge as influence of copper in the gill and liver histology of O. niloticus and demonstrated that their effects could be observed at different concentrations.

scholarly journals Hematology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to anesthesia and anticoagulation protocols

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4237
Author(s):  
Nadia Cristine Weinert ◽  
Julieta Volpato ◽  
Ádson Costa ◽  
Rozyanne Rosa Antunes ◽  
Aldo Camargo de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Clinical hematology facilitates the diagnosis of disease and can act as a prognostic indicator of pathological conditions in fish. The aim of the present study was to evaluate hematological parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to different anesthetics and anticoagulants. Thirty apparently healthy fishes (average weight of 473 ± 35. 50 g and mean total length of 29. 33 ± 0. 37 cm), were selected from the local commercial fish farm in the Lages municipality (Santa Catarina, Brazil). The animals were randomly divided into three groups of 10. In two groups, anesthesia was induced with eugenol (70 mg·L- 1) (EG) and Benzocaine hydrochloride (100 mg·L-1) (BG), respectively. Anesthesia was not administered to fish of the third group (CG/control group). Blood samples were obtained by venipuncture of the caudal vessels and placed into microtubes containing sodium heparin or Na2EDTA for further analysis. The results were analyzed by Sigma Stat for Windows, the paired t-test for significant differences between anticoagulants of the same group, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test for comparison of means between groups (p ? 0. 05). Most of the observed changes in the erythrogram were significantly higher for the anticoagulant heparin and benzocaine group in comparison to the control group. However, the values obtained for the leukogram were significantly higher for all groups subjected to the Na2EDTA anticoagulant, suggesting that heparin may cause cell clumping. The results suggest that the anesthetics under investigation effectively minimizes the effects of stress caused by handling and invasive procedures, and that the anticoagulant heparin causes less hemolysis in comparison to Na2EDTA for Nile tilapia. Thus, the hematological variations attributed to different anesthetic protocols and/or different anticoagulants should be considered for the species Oreochromis niloticus.

scholarly journals Spirulina platensis Reduced Oxidative Damage Induced by Chlorpyrifos Toxicity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim ◽  
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood ◽  
Mohamed Elbadawy ◽  
Lotfi Aleya ◽  
Saad Alkahtani
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities ◽  
Biochemical Measurements

Due to the numerous pharmacological impacts of Spirulina platensis (SP), the effects of SP on the oxidative status of Nile tilapia farmed under chlorpyrifos (CPF) ambient toxicity were considered in this study. Fish (60 ± 6.1 g) was randomly stocked in five groups where the SP free diet was fed to the control group while the second one was fed 1% SP without CPF exposure. Additionally, CPF (15 μg/L) was added in water and fish were fed with SP at 0, 0.5, and 1% (third, fourth, and fifth groups, respectively). Samples of blood and gills, kidneys, and liver tissues were assayed for biochemical measurements. Fish exposed to CPF exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) increments of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde (MDA), while significantly decreased total protein, albumin, and antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were observed in tilapia exposed to CPF (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, SP feeding resulted in decreased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine as well as increased total protein, albumin, SOD, and CAT activities. Based on the obtained results, it can be suggested that SP is efficient in protecting Nile tilapia from CPF toxicity by increasing the antioxidative response.

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