scholarly journals Antigenotoxic Effects and Possible Mechanism of Red Yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Mutagenesis

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Romteera Kittichaiworakul ◽  
Sirinya Taya ◽  
Arpamas Chariyakornkul ◽  
Thanongsak Chaiyaso ◽  
Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Sporidiobolus Pararoseus ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects

Red yeast (Sporidiobolus pararoseus), obtained from glycerol waste in the biodiesel process, has been used as a mycotoxin sorbent in some agricultural products. This study focused on the antigenotoxic effects of red yeast on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced mutagenesis, using a Salmonella mutation assay and a rat liver micronucleus test. Red yeast was sequentially extracted to obtain hexane, acetone, hot water, and residue fractions. Carbohydrates were mainly found in hot water extract (HWE), while proteins were observed in the residue fraction. The amount of lycopene in hexane extract (HE) was higher than the amount of β-carotene in HE. All red yeast extracts were not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 under the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Among the extracts obtained from red yeast, HE presented the strongest antimutagenicity against AFB1-induced mutagenesis in both strains, but HWE did not show any antimutagenicity. The oral administration of red yeast, HE, and HWE for 28 days was further investigated in rats. These extracts did not induce micronucleated hepatocytes. Furthermore, they modulated the activities of some detoxifying enzymes but did not alter the activities of various cytochrome P450 isozymes. Notably, they significantly decreased hepatic micronucleus formation in AFB1-initiated rats. HE altered the activity of hepatic glutathione-S-transferase but did not affect its protein expression. Taken together, the antigenotoxicity of red yeast against AFB1-induced mutagenesis might be partly due to the modulation of some detoxifying enzymes in AFB1 metabolism. β-Carotene and lycopene might be promising antigenotoxic compounds in red yeast.

Physiological Activities of the Hot Water Extract from Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 977-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo-Seok Jeong ◽  
Hee-Kyoung Jung ◽  
Kwang-Sup Youn ◽  
Myoung-Ok Kim ◽  
Joo-Heon Hong
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Hot Water Extract

Suppressive effect of hot water extract of wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsum.) leaves on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Ogawa ◽  
Hiromasa Tabata ◽  
Takuya Katsube ◽  
Yukari Ohta ◽  
Yukikazu Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wasabia Japonica ◽  
Hot Water Extract

scholarly journals A hot water extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) suppresses acute ethanol-induced liver injury in mice by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryusei Uchio ◽  
Yohei Higashi ◽  
Yusuke Kohama ◽  
Kengo Kawasaki ◽  
Takashi Hirao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Acute Ethanol

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa) is a widely used spice that has various biological effects, and aqueous extracts of turmeric exhibit potent antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Bisacurone, a component of turmeric extract, is known to have similar effects. Oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines play an important role in ethanol-induced liver injury. This study was performed to evaluate the influence of a hot water extract of C. longa (WEC) or bisacurone on acute ethanol-induced liver injury. C57BL/6 mice were orally administered WEC (20 mg/kg body weight; BW) or bisacurone (60 µg/kg BW) at 30 min before a single dose of ethanol was given by oral administration (3·0 g/kg BW). Plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were markedly increased in ethanol-treated mice, while the increase of these enzymes was significantly suppressed by prior administration of WEC. The increase of alanine aminotransferase was also significantly suppressed by pretreatment with bisacurone. Compared with control mice, animals given WEC had higher hepatic tissue levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, as well as lower hepatic tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TNF-α protein and IL-6 mRNA. These results suggest that oral administration of WEC may have a protective effect against ethanol-induced liver injury by suppressing hepatic oxidation and inflammation, at least partly through the effects of bisacurone.

Comparative Analysis on Chemical Composition and Charcoal Characterization of Two Miscanthus Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1265-1272
Author(s):  
Wen Biao Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhu Li ◽  
Bing Song Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Hot Water

Miscanthus is a highly productive, rhizomatous, C4 perennial grass that should be considered as an excellent active carbon precursor. This paper compares the charcoal characterization and chemical composition between M. sinensis and M. floridulus. Species differed in water content, hot water extract, 1% NaOH extract, organic solvent extract, cellulose, lignin and ash. Carbonization temperatures have effects on charcoal yields of Miscanthus, which ranged from 23.5% to 48.0% for M. sinensis and 11.3% to 37.2% for M. floridulus. Water content, charcoal density, pH value, and specific surface area of charcoal characterization varied between two species of Miscanthus. The specific surface area increased with the increase of carbonization temperature. The highest specific surface area of M. sinensis and M. floridulus was 351.74 m2g−1and 352.74 m2g−1, respectively, when the carbonization temperature was 800°C.

scholarly journals Antioxidant properties of hot water extracts from carpophore and spores of mushroom Ganoderma lucidum

2011 ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Klaus ◽  
Maja Kozarski ◽  
Miomir Niksic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Hot Water Extract

Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.) Karst is one of the medicinal mushrooms, which possesses enviable antioxidant properties. Objective of this investigation was to evaluate antioxidant activity, reducing power, scavenging abilities on 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and chelating effects on ferrous ions of hot water extracts obtained from carpophore and spores of this mushroom. Hot water extract from carpophore (Gl-I) showed high antioxidant activity of 85.7 ? 0.7%, at 10 mg/ml, while antioxidant activity of hot water extract from spores (Gl-Is) was 9.2 ? 0.3% at 10 mg/ml. Reducing power of Gl-I reached a plateau of 3.4 ? 0.1 at 20 mg/ml, and 0.3 ? 0.0 at 20 mg/ml for Gl-Is. At 10 mg/ml, scavenging ability on DPPH radicals of Gl-I increased to 96.8 ? 2.5%, whereas Gl-Is scavenged DPPH radicals by 69.6 ? 2.5% at 10 mg/ml. Gl-I chelated 81.6 ? 3.6 % of ferrous ions at 20 mg/ml, while the chelating effect of Gl-Is was 73.8 ? 1.7%. The antioxidative activities of hot water extracts from carpophore and spores of the mushroom G. lucidum were concentration dependent and increased with an increase in the concentration.

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