Keratinases as Versatile Enzymatic Tools for Sustainable Development

To reduce anthropological pressure on the environment, the implementation of novel technologies in present and future economies is needed for sustainable development. The food industry, with dairy and meat production in particular, has a significant environmental impact. Global poultry production is one of the fastest-growing meat producing sectors and is connected with the generation of burdensome streams of manure, offal and feather waste. In 2020, the EU alone produced around 3.2 million tonnes of poultry feather waste composed primarily of keratin, a protein biopolymer resistant to conventional proteolytic enzymes. If not managed properly, keratin waste can significantly affect ecosystems, contributing to environmental pollution, and pose a serious hazard to human and livestock health. In this article, the application of keratinolytic enzymes and microorganisms for promising novel keratin waste management methods with generation of new value-added products, such as bioactive peptides, vitamins, prion decontamination agents and biomaterials were reviewed.

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Tendencje na rynku mięsa drobiowego na świecie i w Polsce w latach 2000-2016

Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego ◽

10.22630/prs.2017.17.3.72 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17(32) (3) ◽

pp. 268-278

Author(s):

Stanisław Stańko ◽

Aneta Mikuła

Keyword(s):

Poultry Meat ◽

Meat Production ◽

Annual Growth Rate ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Broiler Meat ◽

World Markets ◽

The World ◽

Meat Market ◽

The Eu

The study presents changes in the broiler meat market in the world in 2000-2016. Changes in production, consumption, foreign trade in general as well as in the largest producers and consumers, exporters and importers and in Poland were presented. In the world's major broiler meat producers, production growth was faster than consumption growth, which increased their export capacity. Meat supply in the world markets was concentrated while demand was more fragmented. In 2016 the share of the three largest exporters (USA, Brazil and EU) in world exports was 76.5% and the share of the top three importers was 29.5%. Prices of broiler meat were characterized by an upward trend. The annual growth rate of world prices was 4.2%, in the EU - 1.7%, and in Poland - 1.1%. As a result, the differences between the higher prices in the EU and the world have decreased. In Poland there was an upward trend in production, consumption and exports. Foreign markets are the main direction for the development of growing poultry meat production in Poland. These changes were the result of price competitiveness of Polish broiler meat, both on the EU and other markets. In 2016, poultry prices in the EU were 49.8% higher than in Poland. The world prices were also higher by 18.8%. By 2026 further growth in poultry production in Poland may be possible resulting mainly from foreign demand.

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Perspectives of meat production in EU countries

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet8611 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (86) ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

R.M. Muniv

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Meat Products ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Meat Production ◽

Poultry Production ◽

The European Union ◽

Eu Countries ◽

Moderate Growth ◽

General Decline ◽

The Eu

Meat products are an important element of the diet of most European consumers. The most common types of meat consumed in the European Union (EU) are beef and veal, pork, poultry (from which chicken and turkey are the most common), as well as young lamb. Moderate growth of meat production is forecast in the EU countries, which in 2030 will attain 47.5 million tons, that on 0.5% anymore by comparison to 2017 year. An increase will take place, above all things, due to the increase of volumes of poultry meat («plus» 4.6% by comparison to 2017), a small increase is expected on pork («plus» 0.4%). The production of beef will reduce on 7.4%. Basic pre-condition to the increase of production of meat in the EU countries of the expected increase of volumes of his export which will be stipulated world tendencies to growth demand on meat products. During the next 14 years EU plans to grow the volumes of meat export almost on 9% to 4.7 million tons, and it will remain net exporters. Thus, if both pork and poultry meat a general export will exceed an import substantially, balance on a beef is expected negative, and the volumes of its import to EU for indicated period will grow on 22%. In the EU, beef production continues to decrease slightly. The general decline was less than 1%, which is due to the conservation of animals in order to increase the size of the dairy herd, as a result of an increase in milk quotas. The EU has a high degree of self-sufficiency in relation to pork and therefore imports little. Import quotas are not used, because the import of some licensed countries does not meet veterinary standards. Thus, imports are effectively prohibited, although tariff quotas would be favorable. The EU does not interfere in the domestic pork market, nor does it play a leading role and export subsidies. The poultry meat is represented by a very diverse group of meat varieties from chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks to cesarocks. The production of chicken meat accounts for 70% of the total poultry production in the EU, while the production of turkey meat is 20%. The remaining 10% are distributed among other poultry in the EU. Internal consumption of meat in European Union by the populations beginning from 2018 year will have a tendency to the unimportant (within the limits of 1%) decrease. In 2030 an index of meat consumption per inhabitant in EU will be at high level and will make 85.3 kg per person in for slaughter weight. In the pattern of consumption in the nearest decades, as well as today, will championship be kept after pork (almost 48%), farther poultry meat (32%), beef (18%) and other kinds (2%). For the European experts forecast, during 2017–2030 price tendencies on the world and European markets of meat will look thus: on a beef – costs of EU-28 will decline on 1%; is a world price a decline on 19%; on the pork – costs of EU-28 a decline is on 5%; global price a decline on 4%; on a poultry meat are costs of EU-28 a decline is on 4% and global price will increase on 15%.

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On the Future of the Financial Redistribution across Member States in the EU

Acta Oeconomica ◽

10.1556/aoecon.56.2006.1.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 1-43

Author(s):

Sándor Richter

Keyword(s):

Value Added ◽

The Other ◽

Current Debate ◽

Member States ◽

New Member States ◽

Financial Position ◽

Cross Member ◽

Expenditure Structure ◽

The Eu ◽

Made In

The order and modalities of cross-member state redistribution as well as the net financial position of the member states are one of the most widely discussed aspects of European integration. The paper addresses selected issues in the current debate on the EU budget for the period 2007 to 2013 and introduces four scenarios. The first is identical to the European Commission's proposal; the second is based on reducing the budget to 1% of the EU's GNI, as proposed by the six net-payer countries, while maintaining the expenditure structure of the Commission's proposal. The next two scenarios represent radical reforms: one of them also features a '1% EU GNI'; however, the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are left unchanged and it is envisaged that the requisite cuts will be made in the expenditures earmarked for cohesion. The other reform scenario is different from the former one in that the cohesion-related expenditures are left unchanged and the expenditures for providing 'EU-wide value-added' are reduced. After the comparison of the various scenarios, the allocation of transfers to the new member states in terms of the conditions prevailing in the different scenarios is analysed.

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The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

Olsztyn Economic Journal ◽

10.31648/oej.3146 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 191-207

Author(s):

Walentyna Kwiatkowska

Keyword(s):

Service Sector ◽

Value Added ◽

Total Employment ◽

Eu Countries ◽

Gross Value Added ◽

European Union Countries ◽

Service Sectors ◽

Sector Theory ◽

The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services.

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TERRITORIAL COHESION POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF EU REGIONAL SECURITY

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN ECONOMY - No 1 (2018) ◽

10.35774/jee2019.04.439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (Vol 18, No 4 (2019)) ◽

pp. 439-453

Author(s):

Ihor LISHCHYNSKYY

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Regional Security ◽

The European Union ◽

Cohesion Policy ◽

Cross Border ◽

Territorial Cohesion ◽

Interregional Cooperation ◽

The Eu

The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of territorial cohesion policy in the European Union in order to achieve a secure regional coexistence. In particular, the regulatory and institutional origins of territorial cohesion policy in the EU are considered. The evolution of ontological models of cohesion policy has been outlined. Specifically, the emphasis is placed on the key objective of political geography – effectively combining the need for "territorialization" and the growing importance of networking. The role of urbanization processes in the context of cohesion policy is highlighted. Cross-border dimensions of cohesion policy in the context of interregional cooperation are explored. Particular emphasis is placed on the features of integrated sustainable development strategies.

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A Cross-Country Measurement of the EU Bioeconomy: An Input–Output Approach

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3033

Author(s):

Kutay Cingiz ◽

Hugo Gonzalez-Hermoso ◽

Wim Heijman ◽

Justus H. H. Wesseler

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Financial Crisis ◽

Union Member ◽

National Income ◽

Value Added ◽

Input Output ◽

Income Share ◽

Cross Country ◽

European Union Member States ◽

The Eu

This paper measures the development of the national income share of the bioeconomy for 28 European Union Member States (MS) and 16 industries of BioMonitor scope from 2005 to 2015. The paper proposes a model which includes the up- and downstream linkages using Input-Output tables. The results show that for the majority of the MS the value added of the up- and downstream sector is at the band of 40%–50% of the total bioeconomy value added and has on average increased since the financial crisis.

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EU Labor Market Inequalities and Sustainable Development Goals

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052675 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2675

Author(s):

Elena Jianu ◽

Ramona Pîrvu ◽

Gheorghe Axinte ◽

Ovidiu Toma ◽

Andrei Valentin Cojocaru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Labor Market ◽

Policy Issue ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Public Policy Issue ◽

Development Goals ◽

To Come ◽

Business Practitioners ◽

The Eu

Reducing inequalities for EU citizens and promoting upward convergence is one of the priorities on the agenda of the European Commission and, certainly, inequality will be a very important public policy issue for years to come. Through this research we aim to investigate EU labor market inequalities, reflected by the specific indicators proposed for Goal 8 assumed by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, based on cluster analysis for all the 27 Member States. The research results showed encouraging results from the perspective of convergence in the EU labor market, but also revealed a number of analyzed variable effects that manifested regional inequalities that were generated in the medium and long term. Based on the observations made, we want to provide information for policy-makers, business practitioners, and academics so as to constitute solid ground for identifying good practices and proposing to implement policies aimed at reducing existing inequalities and supporting sustainable development.

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Development of Technological Capabilities through the Internet of Things (IoT): Survey of Opportunities and Barriers for IoT Implementation in Portugal’s Agro-Industry

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11083454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 3454

Author(s):

Pedro D. Gaspar ◽

Carlos M. Fernandez ◽

Vasco N. G. J. Soares ◽

João M. L. P. Caldeira ◽

Hélio Silva

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Internet Of Things ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

The Internet ◽

Meat Production ◽

Maturity Level ◽

Scarce Resources ◽

Management Of Resources ◽

Increase Productivity ◽

The Internet Of Things

The agro-industrial sector consumes a significant amount of natural resources for farming and meat production. By 2050, population growth is expected, generating more demand and, consequently, more consumption of scarce resources. This challenging scenario is a concern of the European Commission, revealed in the Green Deal commitment and by the United Nations’ 12th goal of sustainable development. Thus, organizations must increase productivity and be more sustainable as soon as possible. Internet of Things (IoT) is introduced as a solution to facilitate agro-food companies to be more eco-efficient, mainly facing difficulties on farms, such as food loss and waste, best efficiency in management of resources, and production. The deployment of this technology depends on the stage of maturity and potential of implementation. To assess and characterize companies, with respect of IoT implementation, a survey was applied in 21 micro, small and medium agro-food companies, belonging to milk, honey, olive oil, jams, fruticulture, bakery and pastry, meat, coffee, and wine sectors, in the central region of Portugal. As results, this paper reveals the stage of maturity, level of sophistication, potential, opportunities, solutions, and barriers for implementation of IoT. Additionally, suggestions and recommendations to improve practices are discussed.

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New Plant Breeding Technologies: An Assessment of the Political Economy of the Regulatory Environment and Implications for Sustainability

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073687 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3687

Author(s):

Vincent Smith ◽

Justus H. H. Wesseler ◽

David Zilberman

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Development Policy ◽

Regulatory Environment ◽

The European Union ◽

Policy Makers ◽

International Policies ◽

Modern Biotechnology ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

This perspective discusses the impact of political economy on the regulation of modern biotechnology. Modern biotechnology has contributed to sustainable development, but its potential has been underexplored and underutilized. We highlight the importance of the impacts of regulations for investments in modern biotechnology and argue that improvements are possible via international harmonization of approval processes. This development is urgently needed for improving sustainable development. Policy makers in the European Union (EU) in particular are challenged to rethink their approach to regulating modern biotechnology as their decisions have far ranging consequences beyond the boundaries of the EU and they have the power to influence international policies.

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Application of Refined Kano’s Model to Shoe Production and Consumer Satisfaction Assessment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2484

Author(s):

Chi-Hung Lo

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Product Development ◽

Consumer Satisfaction ◽

Value Added ◽

Development Plan ◽

Development Model ◽

Product Attributes ◽

Kano Model ◽

Sustainable Product Development ◽

Sustainable Product

Many industries are labor-intensive and energy- and resource-consuming. A sustainable development plan is necessary for the industries as industrial structures have been changing recently. Taiwan’s shoe industry also has experienced such changes and requires a sustainable product development plan for continuous development. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new method by introducing a model of sustainable product development to facilitate the sustainable development of the industry. By taking air-cushioned casual shoe production as an example, this study suggested the refined Kano quality model for exploring the product attributes that improved the customers’ satisfaction. The refined Kano model that was established with interviews and questionnaire surveys was effective to define the product attributes that contributed to satisfying the customers and understanding their perception of product attributes. In the air-cushioned casual shoe production, the model found function, design, innovation, marketing, and service to be important for manufacturers to develop products with limited. It also suggested the priority be put on the attributes of high value-added quality, key quality, and potential quality. The model helped manufacturers decide which product attributes they need to invest in and develop. The relation of product attributes and consumer satisfaction for a sustainable product development model was also found by using the refined Kano model. The result of this study is expected to apply to various industries for establishing an appropriate sustainable product development model.

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