scholarly journals AAA Revisited: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Management, and Hallmarks of Pathogenesis

Biomedicines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Veronika Kessler ◽  
Johannes Klopf ◽  
Wolf Eilenberg ◽  
Christoph Neumayer ◽  
Christine Brostjan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Despite declining incidence and mortality rates in many countries, the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) continues to represent a life-threatening cardiovascular condition with an overall prevalence of about 2–3% in the industrialized world. While the risk of AAA development is considerably higher for men of advanced age with a history of smoking, screening programs serve to detect the often asymptomatic condition and prevent aortic rupture with an associated death rate of up to 80%. This review summarizes the current knowledge on identified risk factors, the multifactorial process of pathogenesis, as well as the latest advances in medical treatment and surgical repair to provide a perspective for AAA management.

Identification of Persistent Aortocaval Fistula Using Ultrasonography in the Outpatient Setting: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Richard A. Meena ◽  
Melissa N. Warren ◽  
Thomas E. Reeve ◽  
Olamide Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Aortocaval Fistula ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Threatening Complication

Aortocaval fistula (ACF) is a rare and life-threatening complication associated with rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA). Early detection and management of ACF’s during surgical repair of rAAAs is recommended to reduce the risk of future aneurysm-related complications, including mortality. There is a paucity of current literature on the natural history of ACFs postendovascular exclusion. We present a case study describing the detection of a persistent ACF by duplex ultrasonography (DU) postendovascular aortic repair (EVAR).

scholarly journals Rupture Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm and Prediction of Hemorrhagic Stroke after Liver Transplant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Hye-Mee Kwon ◽  
In-Gu Jun ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Kim ◽  
Young-Jin Moon ◽  
In Young Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Postoperative hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is a rare yet devastating complication after liver transplantation (LT). Unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) may contribute to HS; however, related data are limited. We investigated UIA prevalence and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and HS incidence post-LT. We identified risk factors for 1-year HS and constructed a prediction model. This study included 3544 patients who underwent LT from January 2008 to February 2019. Primary outcomes were incidence of SAH, HS, and mortality within 1-year post-LT. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were performed. The prevalence of UIAs was 4.63% (n = 164; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.95–5.39%). The 1-year SAH incidence was 0.68% (95% CI, 0.02–3.79%) in patients with UIA. SAH and HS incidence and mortality were not different between those with and without UIA before and after PSM. Cirrhosis severity, thrombocytopenia, inflammation, and history of SAH were identified as risk factors for 1-year HS. UIA presence was not a risk factor for SAH, HS, or mortality in cirrhotic patients post-LT. Given the fatal impact of HS, a simple scoring system was constructed to predict 1-year HS risk. These results enable clinical risk stratification of LT recipients with UIA and help assess perioperative HS risk before LT.

Mortality rates and risk factors for emergent open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in the endovascular era

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felice Pecoraro ◽  
Steffen Gloekler ◽  
Caecilia E. Mader ◽  
Malgorzata Roos ◽  
Lyubov Chaykovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer in the world: incidence, mortality and risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Sadeghi Gandomani ◽  
Seyed Majid Yousefi ◽  
Mohammad Aghajani ◽  
Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani ◽  
Abed Asgari Tarazoj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Peer Reviewers

A rapid literature search strategy was conducted for all English language literature published before July 2017. The search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy included the keywords ‘colorectal cancer’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘incidence’, ‘mortality’, ‘risk factor’, and ‘world’. In 2012, the highest CRC incidence rates were observed in the Republic of Korea, Slovakia and Hungary while the lowest incidence rates were seen in Singapore, Serbia and Japan. The highest CRC mortality rates in both sexes were seen in Central and Eastern Europe and the lowest mortality rates were found in Middle Division of Africa. The main risk factors for CRC include nutritional factors, past medical history, smoking, socioeconomic status, and family medical history. According to the increasing trend of CRC incidence and mortality in the world, implementation of prevention programs such as screening programs, diet modification, and healthy lifestyle education is necessary. Peer Review Details Peer review method: Single-Blind (Peer-reviewers: 02) Peer-review policy Plagiarism software screening?: Yes Date of Original Submission: 26 August 2017 Date accepted: 20 Sept 2017 Peer reviewers approved by: Dr. Lili Hami Editor who approved publication: Dr. Phuc Van Pham  

Life-Threatening Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Secondary to Aortoenteric Fistula

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CCRPM.S376
Author(s):  
Tasbirul Islam ◽  
George Hines ◽  
Douglas S. Katz ◽  
William Purtil ◽  
Francis Castiller
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Aortoduodenal Fistula ◽  
Open Surgical Repair ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

We present a patient with gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to an aortoduodenal fistula. The patient had undergone an open surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm five years prior to admission.

scholarly journals Aortic Dissection in a Pregnant Patient without Other Risk Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Priya V. Patel ◽  
Raanan Alter ◽  
Recia Frenn ◽  
Thaddeus P. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Physical Exam ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Background. An aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition in which the intima of the artery tears causing separation of the intima and media. Pregnancy places women at a significantly increased risk of common vascular events including venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke, while also increasing the risk of rarer vascular events such as aortic dissection and aortic rupture. Case. A 30-year-old previously healthy multiparous woman presenting at 36 weeks of pregnancy with a Type A aortic dissection. She underwent a combined emergent cesarean delivery followed by repair of her aortic root. Conclusions. Aortic dissection should be high on the differential for pregnant patients presenting with the characteristic complaints and physical exam findings given the high mortality rate associated with this vascular event. Teaching Points. (1) This report reviews the characteristic presentation, risk factors, and physical exam findings in a patient with an aortic dissection. (2) The report includes treatment options for pregnant patients based on the classification of the dissection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm and associated lower extremity artery aneurysm in men hospitalized for suspected or known cardiopulmonary disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hohneck ◽  
Michael Keese ◽  
Gerhard Ruemenapf ◽  
Klaus Amendt ◽  
Hannelore Muertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background AAA is a disease affecting predominantly male patients ≥65 years and its dreaded complications such as rupture led to population-based screening programs as preventive measure. Nonetheless, the supposed prevalence may have been overestimated, so that targeted screening of high risk populations may be more effective. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) of an inpatient high-risk cohort and to estimate the co-prevalence of lower extremity arterial aneurysms. Methods Participants: 566 male inpatients, ≥ 65 years of age, hospitalized for suspected or known cardiopulmonary disease. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Maximal infrarenal aortic diameters using abdominal ultrasound (leading edge to leading edge method). Upon detection of an AAA (diameter ≥ 30 mm), the lower extremity arteries were examined with regard to associated aneurysms. Results In 40 of 566 patients (7.1%) AAAs were detectable. Fourteen patients (2.5%) had a first diagnosis of AAA, none of which was large (> 55 mm), the remaining 26 patients were either already diagnosed (14 patients, 2.5%) or previously repaired (12 patients, 2.1%). The three most common main diagnoses at discharge were acute coronary syndrome (43.3%), congestive heart failure (32.2%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12%). The cohort showed a distinct cardiovascular risk profile comprising arterial hypertension (82.9%), diabetes mellitus (44.4%), and a history of smoking (57.6%). In multivariate analysis, three-vessel coronary artery disease (Odds ratio (OR): 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3–8.9, p <  0.0001) and history of smoking (OR: 3.7, CI: 1.6–8.6, p <  0.01) were positively associated with AAA, while diabetes mellitus (OR: 0.5, CI: 0.2–0.9, p = 0.0295) showed a negative association with AAA. Among the subjects with AAA, we found two large iliac and two large popliteal aneurysms. Conclusion Ultrasound screening in male inpatients, hospitalized for suspected or known cardiopulmonary disease, revealed a high AAA prevalence in comparison to the present epidemiological screening programs. There was a moderate proportion of newly-screen detected AAA and additional screening of the lower extremity arteries yielded some associated aneurysms with indication for possible intervention.

scholarly journals Endovascular Thoracoabdominal Replacement after Total Abdominal Aortic Debranching

Aorta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 043-045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Ugurlucan ◽  
Yilmaz Onal ◽  
Omer Sayin ◽  
Feza Ekiz ◽  
Didem Oztas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorder ◽  
Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm ◽  
Stent Grafting ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aortic Pathologies

AbstractMarfan syndrome is an inherited connective tissue disorder affecting mainly eyes and skeletal and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovascular involvement may lead to life-threatening aortic pathologies including aneurysms and/or dissections. In this report, the authors present images of a patient with Marfan syndrome with a history of Bentall-De Bono procedure followed by aortic arch and infrarenal aortoiliac replacements who strongly refused conventional open repair and underwent abdominal debranching followed by thoracoabdominal endovascular stent grafting for the treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysm.

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