scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Health-Related Factors Associated with Severity of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients Hospital-ized in a Geriatric Clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Marta Kłoszewska ◽  
Błażej Łyszczarz ◽  
Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Geriatric Clinic ◽  
Health Related

Identification of risk factors for cognitive impairment is crucial for providing proper care and treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and health-related factors and the severity of cognitive impairment in elderly patients. In this retrospective study, we assessed the medical documentation of 323 patients aged 60+ years hospitalized in a geriatric clinic of university hospital. The patients were classified into five groups of cognitive impairment severity based on the Mini Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test. Kruskal-Wallis and Chi square tests and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were used to assess relationships involved. Cognitive impairment was identified in 84.2% of subjects. The following factors were indicative for higher level of cognitive disorders: primary and vocational education, older age, presence of vascular brain injury, and inability of walking independently. On the other hand, the factors associated with lower severity of cognitive impairment were co-morbid anxiety disorders, ischemic heart disease, and a higher BMI index. Dementia is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the elderly. Enhancing knowledge about the risk factors that worsen cognition is particularly relevant for accelerating the diagnosis of dementia and improving patient care.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and health-related factors associated with cognitive impairment in the elderly in Taiwan

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Shiang Wu ◽  
Tsuo-Hung Lan ◽  
Chun-Min Chen ◽  
Herng-Chia Chiu ◽  
Tzuo-Yun Lan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Knowledge of Factors Associated with Dementia: The A-to-Z Dementia Knowledge List

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 9934
Author(s):  
Hernán Ramos ◽  
Lucrecia Moreno ◽  
María Gil ◽  
Gemma García-Lluch ◽  
José Sendra-Lillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease with no cure that can begin up to 20 years before its diagnosis. A key priority in patients with dementia is the identification of early modifiable factors that can slow the progression of the disease. Community pharmacies are suitable points for cognitive-impairment screening because of their proximity to patients. Therefore, the continuous training of professionals working in pharmacies directly impacts the public health of the population. The main purpose of this study was to assess community pharmacists’ knowledge of dementia-related factors. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 361 pharmacists via an online questionnaire that quizzed their knowledge of a list of dementia-related factors, which we later arranged into the A-to-Z Dementia Knowledge List. We found that younger participants had a better knowledge of risk factors associated with dementia. The risk factors most often identified were a family history of dementia followed by social isolation. More than 40% of the respondents did not identify herpes labialis, sleep more than 9 h per day, and poor hearing as risk factors. A higher percentage of respondents were better able to identify protective factors than risk factors. The least known protective factors were internet use, avoidance of pollution, and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Pharmacists’ knowledge of dementia-related factors should be renewed with the aim of enhancing their unique placement to easily implement cognitive-impairment screening.

scholarly journals Risk factors and incidence of poor bowel preparation in elderly patients: Prospective study

Folia Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-376
Author(s):  
Daniel Doykov ◽  
Vladimir Andonov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Logistical Regression Analysis

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of and the risk factors for poor bowel preparation in elderly patients. Patients and methods: We enrolled 240 patients over 60 years of age, hospitalized in the Clinic of Gastroenterology, Kaspela University Hospital between October 2016 and May 2017 and scheduled them for colonoscopy. We recorded patients’ demographics data, clinical characteristics and the rate of bowel preparation. Factors associated with poor bowel preparation were identified by multivariate logistical regression analysis. Results: The rate of poor bowel preparation was 33.6%. Factors associated with poor bowel preparation were a history of abdominal surgery (OR, 2.617, CI, 1.324-5.174), chronic constipation (OR, 3.307; CI, 1.551-7.054), non-compliance with dietary instructions (OR, 2.239, CI, 1.122-4.471), noncompliance with polyethylene glycol (PEG) dosage (OR, 4.576, CI, 1.855-11.287), walking less than 30 min during preparation (OR, 2.474; CI, 1.261-4.855), interval between PEG ingestion and the onset of bowel activity (OR, 1.025, CI, 1.010-1.040), the latest stool that was not clear and watery (OR, 4.191; CI, 1.529-11.485). Conclusions: Elderly patients tend to have suboptimal preparation for colonoscopy. Walking less than 30 min. during the PEG ingestion period may be a surrogate for bowel preparation failure. Future studies should identify patients at risk for poor bowel preparation. Methods and interventions should be developed to improve outcomes.

Screening for Cognitive Disorders in Elderly Diabetics

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S673-S673
Author(s):  
I. Baat ◽  
I. Abida ◽  
S. Omri ◽  
S. Ellouze ◽  
F. Hadj Kacem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionOld people with diabetes are more likely to develop cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. However, the determinants of the association between diabetes and cognitive impairments are only partially known.ObjectivesTo evaluate cognitive disorders in elderly diabetic patients and to identify risk factors of cognitive impairment in this population.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study. It involved outpatients aged 65 and older, who were followed for diabetes in the endocrinology department at the Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia), from October 1 to December 31, 2015. For each patient, we collected sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic data. We used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to identify mild cognitive decline (score < 26/30).ResultsWe identified 70 patients, all with type 2 diabetes. The average age was 66.8 years. The sex ratio (M: F) was 0.7. The mean duration of diabetes was 14.76 years. The average MoCA score was 20.68 ± 6. Forty patients (57%) had cognitive decline. The cognitive impairment was statistically correlated with female sex (P = 0.02), low level of education (P = 0.00), high levels of glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1c ≥ 7%) (P = 0.00), presence of hypoglycemic episodes (P = 0.05) and presence of dyslipidemia (P = 0.00).ConclusionOur study confirmed the high rate of cognitive decline in older type 2 diabetes patients. The profile of subjects at risk was consistent with the literature: poorly controlled diabetes, severe recurrent hypoglycaemia and associated dyslipidemia. Acting on these risk factors would prevent cognitive decline and therefore progression to dementia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome during Residency Training in Jordan: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nimer ◽  
Suzan Naser ◽  
Nesrin Sultan ◽  
Rawand Said Alasad ◽  
Alexander Rabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Healthcare Professions

Burnout syndrome is common among healthcare professions, including resident physicians. We aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Jordan, and a secondary aim was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of burnout syndrome in those residents, including gender, working hours, psychological distress, training sector, and specialty. In this cross-sectional study, 481 residents were recruited utilizing multistage stratified sampling to represent the four major health sectors in Jordan. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, where the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) was used to assess the prevalence of burnout. The prevalence, group differences, and predictors of burnout were statistically analyzed using STATA 15. Overall, 373 (77.5%) residents were found to have burnout. Factors associated with higher levels of burnout were psychological stress (β = 2.34, CI = [1.88–2.81]), longer working hours (β = 4.07, CI = [0.52–7.62], for 51–75 h a week, β = 7.27, CI = [2.86–11.69], for 76–100 h a week and β = 7.27, CI = [0.06–14.49], for >100 h a week), and obstetrics/gynecology residents (β = 9.66, CI = [3.59–15.73]). Conversely, medical sub-specialty residents, as well as private and university hospital residents, had lower burnout levels. We concluded that decreasing the workload on residents, offering psychological counseling, and promoting a safety culture for residents might help in mitigating burnout consequences.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with outcomes of hip fracture surgery in elderly patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Hoon Kim ◽  
Sangseok Lee ◽  
Byunghoon Yoo ◽  
Woo Yong Lee ◽  
Yunhee Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hip Fracture Surgery ◽  
Fracture Surgery ◽  
Surgery In Elderly

scholarly journals Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases: Risk Assessment and Prophylaxis

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Matthew Shing Him Lee ◽  
Shirley Chiu Wai Chan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
International Guideline ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Disease Specific

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an uncommon opportunistic infection in patients with rheumatic diseases with high mortality. Unlike other non-HIV conditions, international guideline for PJP prophylaxis in rheumatic diseases is currently lacking. Recent evidence regarding the risk of PJP and effectiveness of prophylaxis has been accumulating. This Review provides an update on the information about risk factors associated with PJP in patients with rheumatic diseases based on rheumatic diagnoses, use of immunosuppressive agents and other disease-related factors. The second part of the article summarizes evidence regarding the effectiveness of PJP prophylaxis by considering both disease-related and therapy-related factors. Finally, the Review outlined the currently available disease-specific recommendations and local guidelines, and appreciate the factors that influence physicians’ decision.

Risk Factors Associated With Pressure Ulcers in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110504
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Yoon ◽  
Ok-Hee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Braden Scale

Pressure injuries (PIs) are one of the most important and frequent complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or those with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of PIs in patients with TBI admitted to the ICU. In this retrospective study, the medical records of 237 patients with TBI admitted to the trauma ICU of a university hospital were examined. Demographic, trauma-related, and treatment-related characteristics of all the patients were evaluated from their records. The incidence of PIs was 13.9%, while the main risk factors were a higher injury severity score, use of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor infusion, lower Braden Scale score, fever, and period of enteral feeding. This study advances the nursing practice in the ICU by predicting the development of PIs and their characteristics in patients with TBI.

Abstract TP439: Occurrence (Incidence and Prevalence) Rate of Delirium and Risk Factors in Acute Stroke - Cross-sectional Study

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence J Quinn ◽  
Robert Shaw ◽  
Martin Taylor-Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Problems

Introduction: Guidelines recommend screening all stroke admissions for cognitive impairment. Delirium may be an important contributor to cognitive problems, but available data are limited by potential selection biases and imperfect delirium assessment. We aimed to describe robust estimates of delirium occurrence (incidence and prevalence) and risk factors in an acute stroke unit (ASU). Methods: We collected data from sequential admissions to our University Hospital ASU over a 20 week period (Feb-July 2016). The only exclusion was where the clinical team felt that any form of assessment was inappropriate. We aimed to perform cognitive assessments at 48 hours post stroke. Cognitive assessments were based on mini Montreal Cognitive Assessment (m-MoCA) and GP-Cog informant interview to assess for pre-stroke dementia. We assessed for delirium based on DSM-V criteria. We described univariable and multivariable associations with delirium occurrence. Results: Across the study period, 184 strokes were admitted; median age 71 years (IQR:61-79). Some form of cognitive assessment was available for 178 (97%). In total. 152 had evidence of cognitive impairment on m-MOCA, 55 (31%) met criteria for delirium and 25 (15%) had pre-stroke dementia. Significant univariable associations with delirium were:age and pre-existing cognitive decline. On logistic regression:age, history of drug or alcohol misuse and pre-stroke mRS were all independently associated with delirium. Discussion: In an unselected ASU population a substantial proportion will have cognitive impairment based on screening. Delirium is common and contributes to this cognitive problems seen in acute stroke. Independent associations with delirium occurrence were identified but were non-modifiable. Our results have implications for policy and practice. As post-stroke cognitive impairment is multifactorial, screening delirium and pre-existing cognitive issues should form part of the initial assessment.

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