scholarly journals Strategies of Design Concepts and Energy Systems for Nearly Zero-Energy Container Buildings (NZECBs) in Different Climates

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Johannes Koke ◽  
André Schippmann ◽  
Jingchun Shen ◽  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Peter Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Family House ◽  
Different Climates

Container-based lightweight buildings offer a high ecologic and economic potential when they are designed as nearly zero-energy container buildings (NZECBs). Thus, they are relevant to energy transition in achieving an almost climate-neutral building stock. This paper describes and applies design strategies for suitable building concepts and energy systems to be used in NZECBs for different climates. Therefore, different applications in representative climatic zones were selected. Initially, the global climate zones were characterized and analyzed with regard to their potential for self-sufficiency and renewable energies in buildings. The design strategies were further developed and demonstrated for three cases: a single-family house in Sweden, a multi-family house in Germany, and a small school building in rural Ethiopia. For each case, design guidelines were derived and building concepts were developed. On the basis of these input data, various energy concepts were developed in which solar and wind energy, as well as biomass, were integrated as renewable energy sources. All the concepts were simulated and analyzed with the Polysun® software. The various approaches were compared and evaluated, particularly with regard to energy self-sufficiency. Self-sufficiency rates up to 80% were achieved. Finally, the influence of different climate zones on the energy efficiency of the single-family house was studied as well as the influence of the size of battery storage and insulation.

The applicability of nearly/net zero energy residential buildings in Brazil – A study of a low standard dwelling in three different Brazilian climate zones

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2096115
Author(s):  
Jaime Resende ◽  
Marta Monzón-Chavarrías ◽  
Helena Corvacho
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero

Buildings account for 34% of world energy consumption and about half of electricity consumption. The nearly/Net Zero Energy Building (nZEB/NZEB) concepts are regarded as solutions for minimizing this problem. The countries of Southern Europe, which included the nZEB concept recently in their regulatory requirements, have both heating and cooling needs, which adds complexity to the problem. Brazil may benefit from their experience since most of the Brazilian climate zones present significant similarities to the Southern European climate. Brazil recently presented a household energy consumption increase, and a growing trend in the use of air conditioning is predicted for the coming decades. Simulations with various wall and roof solutions following the Brazilian Performance Standard were carried out in a low standard single-family house in three different climate zones in order to evaluate thermal comfort conditions and energy needs. Results show that in milder climate zones, achieving thermal comfort with a low energy consumption is possible, and there is a great potential to achieve a net zero-energy balance. In the extreme hot climate zone, a high cooling energy consumption is needed to provide thermal comfort, and the implementation of a nearly zero-energy balance may be more feasible.

scholarly journals Effect of climate change on the annual energy consumption of a single family house in British Columbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
Fuad Mutasim Baba ◽  
Hua Ge
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption ◽  
Family House

The Earth is already experiencing some of the effects of climate change, such as rising temperature, more frequent storms, increased precipitation, etc. This paper investigates the effect of climate change on the energy consumption of a single-family house with different energy efficiency levels, i.e. bylaw to meet current National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (NECB), and passive house (PH) to meet the PH requirements under four climate zones in British Columbia, Canada. SRES A2, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios are used to generate future climate for 2020, 2050, and 2080. The simulation results show that for both bylaw and PH cases, heating energy consumption will be reduced while cooling energy consumption will be increased, as a result for bylaw case, the energy consumption will be decreased for four climate zones, while for PH case, the energy consumption will be increased for zone 4 & 5 and decreased for zone 6 & 7. In climate zone 5, the building fails to meet the PH requirements during 2050. Therefore, buildings designed based on historical weather data will perform differently under the changing future climates, thus the efforts should be made to design buildings that are adaptable to climate change.

scholarly journals Different heating systems for single family house: Energy and economic analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Turanjanin ◽  
Biljana Vucicevic ◽  
Marina Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Family House

The existing building stock energy consumption accounts for about 38% of final energy consumption in Republic of Serbia. 70% of that energy is consumed by residential sector, mostly for space heating. This research is addressed to the single family house building placed in the Belgrade city. The house has ground and first floor with total heating area of 130 m2 and pellet as space heating source. The aim of this paper is to evaluate energy and economic analysis for different heating systems. Several homeheating were compared: Option 1 (biomass combustion boiler using pellet as a fuel), Option 2 (gas combustion boiler) and Option 3 (heat pump). The building performance was evaluated by TRNSYS 17 simulation code. Results show estimated savings using renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals A Vision for Energy Decarbonization: Planning Sustainable Tertiary Sites as Net-Zero Energy Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5577
Author(s):  
Marc Richter ◽  
Pio Lombardi ◽  
Bartlomiej Arendarski ◽  
André Naumann ◽  
Andreas Hoepfner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power System ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero

The power system is changing towards a decarbonized one. The Kyoto protocol and the Paris climate agreement have prompted many nations to approve energy policies based on volatile renewable energy sources (RESs). However, the integration into the grid of the power generated by RESs as well as the electrification of the heating, gas and transportation sectors is becoming a huge challenge. Planning industrial and tertiary sites as net-zero energy systems (NZESs) might contribute to advance the solutions of fully integrating volatile RESs into the power system. This study aims to point out the importance of planning large energy consumer sites such as NZESs, and to depict a holistic modeling approach for this. The methodology is based on a multi-layer approach, which focuses on on-site power generation by RESs, on the improvement of energy efficiency, and on the increase of system flexibility. A qualitative case study has been conducted. It considers the planning of a Net-Zero Energy Data Center located in Germany. Results point out that new interdisciplinary and in particular social analysis methods are necessary. They might be used for accelerating the decision making process during the planning of RES-based on-site power generation systems. Besides, for computation and cooling systems, new technologies that are continuously emerging in the market should be taken into account. If well designed, they contribute to significantly decrease the whole energy demand of data center. Finally, optimal sizing of energy storage systems (electric and thermal) as well as an expedient choice of performance indicators to evaluate technology options are identified as the key factor for decreasing the external energy demand of tertiary sites, such as data center.

scholarly journals Towards Net-Zero Energy in Hot-Dry Regions: Building Envelope Design Strategies for Single-Family Homes

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Alyahya ◽  
Nawari O. Nawari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Design Proposal

Global climate change is serving as warning signs it gradually begins to capture the attention of people at large. Many actions have been and continue to be taken by governments and organizations to preserve the planet, which is impactful and needed. But conservation efforts are not exclusive to governments and large institutions- individuals can contribute in multiple ways that will have ripple effects, one being the choice to build sustainable, net-zero energy homes. Building a house that is a net-zero energy requires many strategies.One of the most compelling factors in reducing the home energy consumption, to then achieve a net-zero energy home especially in hot-dry regions, is the optimization of the building envelope performance. This paper discussed several building envelope design strategies that are suitable for homes in hot-dry regions and tested them.The Methods including analyzing case study from Qater by using computer and were analyzed using Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools for energy simulation programs. All those strategies were applied to a design proposal for a house in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, which is a hot-dry region. Further, the same simulation analyses were projected onto an identical house to the design proposal, but with a traditional, low-efficient building envelope.The results showed that the house with the high-efficient building envelope had 48% less energy consumption than the one that has the low-efficiency envelope.This research demonstrated the efficacy of the building envelope to reduce the energy consumption of single-family homes in hot-dry regions. The study outlines vital strategies for a high-efficient building envelope design in hot-dry areas that reaching net-zero energy homes and thus help to offset the negative impact of climate changes in arid areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Advisability of Using an Air-Source Heat Pump in a Single Family House in Poland and Spain

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Agata Witkowska ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Family House

In recent years, modern and energy-saving solutions, such as heat pumps or solar collectors, have enjoyed great popularity in the heating and cooling sector, which is conditioned by political and environmental factors. The aim of this paper was to analyze the advisability of the employment of renewable energy sources, such as a heat pump, for heating and cooling in single-family buildings in Poland and Spain. Based on the calculations made for a traditional house, located in two cities with different climatic conditions—Wroclaw and Cordoba, the heat losses and gains were determined. On that basis, the heating and cooling demand for these locations were calculated and next—taking into account the obtained results—reversible air–water heat pumps were selected. In addition, the investment expenditures for purchase and assembly of the heat pumps were estimated, as well as the operating costs of the installation. After a deep analysis, it was found that the total cost of using an air-source heat pump, is almost 44% lower for Cordoba, than for Wroclaw.

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