scholarly journals Optimization of Useful Daylight Illuminance for Vertical Shading Fins Covered by Photovoltaic Panels for a Case Study of an Office Room in the City of Wroclaw, Poland

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Marcin Brzezicki ◽  
Paweł Regucki ◽  
Jacek Kasperski
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Electrical Energy Production ◽  
Almost All

A building’s facade is its main interface with the external environment, as it controls almost all energy flows in the building—losses and gains. In this context, the most recent invention of adaptive façades allows for the introduction of an optimized system for both daylight management and electrical energy production. The authors of the presented paper propose a novel adaptive façade system that is equipped with vertical shading fins of 1 × 4 m that are covered with PV panels. The fins are kinetic and rotate around a vertical axis in order to optimize solar irradiation for producing electricity. The presented adaptive façade is analyzed in two stages. Firstly, the number of vertical shading fins is optimized in the context of useful daylight illuminance (UDI) and daylight glare probability (DGP) using Radiance-cored software. Next, two scenarios of PV installation are verified for fixed and the Sun-tracking solution. The results show that the Sun-tracking system is more efficient than the fixed one, but electricity production is only increased by 3.21%. The reason for this is the fact that—while following the Sun’s azimuth position—fins shade each other and reduce the effective area of the adjacent PV panels. Based on this, the authors conclude that the Sun-tracking system might be justified due to its protective or decorative function and not because of its improved effectiveness in generating electrical energy.

scholarly journals Biaxial Solar Tracking System Based on the MPPT Approach Integrating ICTs for Photovoltaic Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Gregor ◽  
Yoshihiko Takase ◽  
Jorge Rodas ◽  
Leonardo Carreras ◽  
Derlis Gregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Solar Tracking

The smart grid and distributed generation based on renewable energy applications often involve the use of information and communication technology (ICT) coupled with advanced control and monitoring algorithms to improve the efficiency and reliability of the electrical grid and renewable generation systems. Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been recently applied with success in the fields of distributed generation due to their lower environmental impact where the electrical energy generation is related to the amount of solar irradiation and thus the angle of incident ray of the sun on the surface of the modules. This paper introduces an integration of ICTs in order to achieve the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) using a biaxial solar tracking system for PV power applications. To generate the references for the digital control of azimuth and elevation angles a Global Positioning System (GPS) by satellites is used which enables acquiring the geographic coordinates of the sun in real-time. As a total integration of the system a communication platform based on the 802.15.4 protocol for the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is adopted for supervising and monitoring the PV plant. A 2.4 kW prototype system is implemented to validate the proposed control scheme performance.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of a Photovoltaic Tracker System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamen Milkov Yanev ◽  
Pran Mahindroo ◽  
Kelebaone Tsamaase
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Robust Tracking Control ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Irradiation Angle

The movement of the earth leads to constant change in the intensity and the angle of solar irradiation. As a consequence, the cells of photovoltaic (PV) modules are only able to convert a fraction of the light energy from the sun into electric energy. A tracking system constantly adapts the angle of PV modules to face the sun, so that the irradiation angle and the light intensity remain constant and a maximum of electrical energy can be generated. This not only helps to exploit every minute of sunshine but also to make the best use of diffuse light all year round. The aim of this research is to design a robust tracking control system that will point the PV modules to the brightest point in the sky. This objective is achieved by the design of a specialized robust controller and application of the D-partitioning analysis method.

Simulation of electricity production in a remote island for optimal management of a hybrid renewable energy system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Karkanis ◽  
Ioannis Vatsikouridis ◽  
Theano Iliopoulou ◽  
Panayiotis Dimitriadis ◽  
Demetris Koutsogiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Marine Energy ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Pumped Storage ◽  
Electrical Energy Production

<p>We simulate the electrical energy production in the remote island of Astypalaia, Greece. Solar, wind, hydropower, biomass and marine energy are used for the energy mix. The hypothetical energy system has also the ability to store energy through a pumped-storage unit. We use available data at various time scales. The aim of this work is to optimize the energy management of the hypothetical system studied.</p><p>Acknowledgement: This research is conducted within the frame of the undergraduate course "Stochastic Methods" of the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). The School of Civil Engineering of NTUA provided moral support for the participation of the students in the Assembly.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Design of Solar Tracking System for Capturing Maximum Amount of Solar Energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 145-147
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Tracking

This paper proposes a design of solar tracking system for capturing maximum amount of solar energy by rotating the solar panel. From sun rise to sun set, the sun changes its direction several times due to which the static solar panel fails to capture maximum solar energy throughout the day. Therefore, it is required to develop a system that is capable of generating electrical energy by making use of maximum amount of solar energy. This paper discloses about the rotatable solar tracking system capable of rotating along the sun direction for tracking maximum amount of solar energy. This advanced technology not only utilize the solar energy more effectively but also improves the efficiency of whole system.

scholarly journals Inductor Disc CFD Analysis for VAWT

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gerardo Javier Marin-Tellez ◽  
Víctor López-Garza ◽  
Paulina Marin-Tellez ◽  
Adrián Santibañez-Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Control Volume ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Wind Velocities ◽  
Representative Points ◽  
Electrical Energy Production ◽  
Volume Mesh

This work shows the computational simulation of the fluid dynamics of inductor discs (patent pending reception number MX/E/2021/002395) applied to vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). These inductor discs have a unique and innovative design that can be classified as wind concentrators. The purpose of these devices is to increase wind velocity at the wind turbine entrance; this increase in velocity exponentially boosts the mechanical power of the turbine, according to Betz's theory, increasing the electrical energy production of the turbine and, at the same time, reducing its dimensions. The objective of this investigation is to carry out the fluid dynamic simulation (CFD) of two of the inductor disc geometries: an elliptical one and a truncated conical one, varying the entrance wind velocities of the VAWT from 3 m/s to 12 m/s. The proposed methodology consists of employing a CFD software (ANSYS) to model the two inductor disc geometries and extract them from a static control volume. Mesh this volume, establish boundary conditions, and vary wind velocities to carry out the fluid dynamic analysis. Finally, the obtained velocities are compared at different representative points of both geometries.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Methodology to Evaluate Parasitic Energy Consumption for Different Types of Dual-Axis Sun Tracking Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ming-Hui Tan ◽  
Tze-Koon Wang ◽  
Chee-Woon Wong ◽  
Kok-Keong Chong ◽  
Boon-Han Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Energy Consumptions

A dual-axis sun tracking system is an essential strategy to maximize the optical efficiency of harnessing solar energy. However, there is no significant study yet to optimize the net performance of the photovoltaic (PV) or concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system equipped with a dual-axis sun tracking system. Parasitic energy loss associated with the power consumption of the sun tracking system is one of the major concerns for the solar industrial players. To address this issue, a comprehensive methodology has been developed to evaluate the yearly cumulative range of motion for dual-axis sun tracking systems in the cases of with and without fixed parking positions across the latitudes ranging from 45°N to 45°S. The parasitic energy consumptions have been investigated for three selected types of dual-axis sun tracking systems, i.e., the azimuth-elevation sun tracking system (AE-STS), polar dual-axis sun tracking system (PD-STS), and horizontal dual-axis sun tracking system (HD-STS). The simulated results indicate that the dual-axis sun tracking system with the nonfixed parking (or stow) position has lower yearly cumulative parasitic energy consumption with respect to the sun tracking system with a fixed parking position. Lastly, our simulation result has shown that the parasitic energy consumption of the sun tracking is relatively smaller to that of the electrical energy generated by the concentrator photovoltaic system with the ratio between 0.15% and 0.29% for AE-STS, between 0.15% and 0.30% for PD-STS, and between 0.17% and 0.35% for HD-STS.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficiency of Stand-Alone Solar PV Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-412
Author(s):  
Artur Akhmetshin ◽  
Midhat Tuhvatullin ◽  
Dinar Atnagulov ◽  
Andrey Linenko ◽  
Bulat Khalilov
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Access ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant ◽  
Energy Instability ◽  
Plant Control

As a source of alternative energy, solar energy has apparent advantages, including a renewable, inexhaustible, and environmentally friendly resource. However, it has not become widely spread in the Russian Federation. Among the disadvantages of using solar energy are high equipment cost, low efficiency of photovoltaic solar cells, the generated electrical energy instability. The spatio-temporal variability of solar access causes electrical energy instability. It is possible to increase solar photovoltaic plant efficiency by using a tracking system to change the plant sun's spatial orientation. The paper offers mathematical and simulation models of a solar photovoltaic plant with a solar tracking system that allows the plant to be automatically oriented to the sun by matching the production mode and the solar access level. The use of the azimuth plant control system on the sun will increase the power production of the solar PV plant by an average of 28%. The same value will increase by 40% when using the full plant control system.

Mechatronic System Design for a Solar Tracker

2015 ◽  
pp. 958-993
Author(s):  
H. Henry Zhang ◽  
Li-Zhe Tan ◽  
Wangling Yu ◽  
Simo Meskouri
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Mechatronic System ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Stepper Motors ◽  
And Control

The performance and cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic cells depends greatly on the intensity of solar radiation to which they are exposed. Integrating a solar tracking system to the photovoltaic cell panel provides a way to improve the efficiencies of the solar energy system. Designing such an interdisciplinary system requires the mechatronic approach, through which the subsystems and their interfacings relating to the electrical, electronic, mechanical, structural, and control are integrated with multiple functionality and intelligent engineering realized in the microprocessor/controller operations and the controlled mechanisms. This chapter presents a case study of mechatronic system design and prototyping of a two-axis solar tracking system ST100 utilizing microcontroller OOPic. Two stepper motors adjusting the solar panel's rotation and tilt about the horizontal axis and the vertical axis give it the ability to track the movement of the sun and align the solar panel to face the sun at all times.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM TILT ANGLE FOR MAXIMIZING LARGE SCALE SOLAR ELECTRICAL ENERGY OUTPUT

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nageh ◽  
Md Pauzi Abdullah ◽  
Belal Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Electrical Energy Production ◽  
The Impact

Many large-scale solar (LSS) plants that are being installed today have solar photovoltaic (PV) panels mounted on fixed structures, which limits its electrical energy production. Tracking system can be installed so that the PV panels could change its tilt angle automatically in accordance with the sun’s movement. However, it will increase the construction, operation and maintenance cost significantly. Another option is to manually adjust the tilt angle on periodically basis, but the time period and the optimum tilt angle need to be systematically determined. This paper investigates the impact of using monthly and seasonal optimum tilt angle, βopt on electrical energy production of LSS plant. The proposed strategy can be implemented by using tiltable solar panel mounting structures which is far cheaper than the tracking system. For the study, 1 MW LSS system model is used. Twelve cities around the globe with latitude angle ranging from 0º to 55º are strategically selected. The electrical energy output from the 1 MW LSS plant is simulated by using PV mathematical model that is developed in Matlab software. The overall results show that by adjusting the tilt angle of the PV modules into its optimum angle on monthly or seasonal basis, it would increase the generated energy output between 1.91% and 7.24% for monthly adjustments and between 1.59% and 6.06% for seasonal adjustments.

scholarly journals A Prototype solar tracking system design and implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Abbas F. Nori ◽  
◽  
Faisel G. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Optical Detector ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Fixed System ◽  
Better Than

In this work comparison between the results of the first systems is a fixed solar and the second is the sun tracking in an attempt to increase the proportion of electricity production. Here a microcontroller (Arduino) and the light-dependent resistor (LDR) photo detector is used in this tracker. And then compare the results in different weather conditions and on different days to test the efficiency of the two systems. The efficiency of the tracking system is better than the fixed system by 12.3% on a sunny day and 4.9% on a partly cloudy day. However, it failed by 3.3% on a cloudy day. With a sunny day preference in the tracking system at 6.9% of partially cloudy days, and 12.1% with partially cloudy to a cloudy day. And verified from The efficiency of the work of the microcontroller (Arduino) system and the optical detector (LDR).

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