Plasma-Treated Solutions (PTS) in Cancer Therapy

Cold physical plasma is a partially ionized gas generating various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) simultaneously. ROS/RNS have therapeutic effects when applied to cells and tissues either directly from the plasma or via exposure to solutions that have been treated beforehand using plasma processes. This review addresses the challenges and opportunities of plasma-treated solutions (PTSs) for cancer treatment. These PTSs include plasma-treated cell culture media in experimental research as well as clinically approved solutions such as saline and Ringer’s lactate, which, in principle, already qualify for testing in therapeutic settings. Several types of cancers were found to succumb to the toxic action of PTSs, suggesting a broad mechanism of action based on the tumor-toxic activity of ROS/RNS stored in these solutions. Moreover, it is indicated that the PTS has immuno-stimulatory properties. Two different routes of application are currently envisaged in the clinical setting. One is direct injection into the bulk tumor, and the other is lavage in patients suffering from peritoneal carcinomatosis adjuvant to standard chemotherapy. While many promising results have been achieved so far, several obstacles, such as the standardized generation of large volumes of sterile PTS, remain to be addressed.

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Direct Injection of Redissolved Cell Culture Media into a Single-Column Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry for the Measurement of PGE2

The Open Analytical Chemistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874065000802010062 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 62-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pedro Araujo ◽

Zhen-Yu Du ◽

Thu-Thao Nguyen ◽

Elisabeth Holen

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Column Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Culture Media ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Single Column

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Challenges in translational research: MDMA in the laboratory versus therapeutic settings

Journal of Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/02698811211015221 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026988112110152

Author(s):

Harriet de Wit ◽

Anya K Bershad ◽

Charles Grob

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Benefit ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Psychological Constructs ◽

Physical Context ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Substantial Progress ◽

Participant Characteristics ◽

Therapeutic Settings

Despite substantial progress in the use of mind-altering drugs to treat psychiatric disorders, the psychological processes through which these drugs change mood or behavior are poorly understood. Controlled laboratory studies with well-defined psychological constructs are valuable to understand how these drugs manifest their therapeutic benefit. However, there are substantial methodological differences between clinical studies investigating therapeutic outcome and laboratory studies investigating the processes that might underlie the therapeutic effects. Here, we examine some of these differences using the example of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). We review differences in expectancies, social and physical context, participant characteristics, pharmacological factors, and outcome measures in studies with participants who do or do not have psychiatric diagnoses. We describe the challenges and opportunities in translating findings from laboratory studies to the clinic and identify ways to bridge the gap between these approaches.

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High-pressure freezing of cells in suspension for low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100084624 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 64-65

Author(s):

Marek Malecki ◽

James Pawley ◽

Hans Ris

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Pressure ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Culture Media ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Freeze Substitution ◽

Ice Crystal ◽

High Pressure Freezing ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Voltage Scanning

The ultrastructure of cells suspended in physiological fluids or cell culture media can only be studied if the living processes are stopped while the cells remain in suspension. Attachment of living cells to carrier surfaces to facilitate further processing for electron microscopy produces a rapid reorganization of cell structure eradicating most traces of the structures present when the cells were in suspension. The structure of cells in suspension can be immobilized by either chemical fixation or, much faster, by rapid freezing (cryo-immobilization). The fixation speed is particularly important in studies of cell surface reorganization over time. High pressure freezing provides conditions where specimens up to 500μm thick can be frozen in milliseconds without ice crystal damage. This volume is sufficient for cells to remain in suspension until frozen. However, special procedures are needed to assure that the unattached cells are not lost during subsequent processing for LVSEM or HVEM using freeze-substitution or freeze drying. We recently developed such a procedure.

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Cell culture media: NMR approaches to evaluating quality and nutrient consumption

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1596271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (S 01) ◽

pp. S1-S381

Author(s):

KB Killday ◽

AS Freund ◽

C Fischer ◽

KL Colson

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Culture Media ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Nutrient Consumption

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The Influence of Glycosylation on the Catalytic and Fibrinolytic Properties of Pro-Urokinase

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1646314 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 68 (05) ◽

pp. 539-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Catherine Lenich ◽

Ralph Pannell ◽

Jack Henkin ◽

Victor Gurewich

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Mammalian Cell ◽

Human Gene ◽

Culture Media ◽

Mammalian Cell Culture ◽

Glycosylation Site ◽

Clot Lysis ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

E Coli ◽

The Uk

SummaryWe previously found that human pro-UK expressed in Escherichia coli is more active in fibrinolysis than recombinant human pro-UK obtained from mammalian cell culture media. To determine whether this difference is related to the lack of glycosylation of the E. coli product, we compared the activity of E. coli-derived pro-UK [(-)pro-UK] with that of a glycosylated pro-UK [(+)pro-UK] and of a mutant of pro-UK missing the glycosylation site at Asn-302 [(-) (302) pro-UK]. The latter two pro-UKs were obtained by expression of the human gene in a mammalian cell. The nonglycosylated pro-UKs were activated by plasmin more efficiently (≈2-fold) and were more active in clot lysis (1.5-fold) than the (+)pro-UK. Similarly, the nonglycosylated two-chain derivatives (UKs) were more active against plasminogen and were more rapidly inactivated by plasma inhibitors than the (+)UK.These findings indicate that glycosylation at Asn-302 influences the activity of pro-UK/UK and could be the major factor responsible for the enhanced activity of E. coli-derived pro-UK.

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Targeted metabolomics in the cell culture media reveals increased uptake of branched amino acids by breast cancer cells

Analytical Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.ab.2021.114192 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 114192

Author(s):

Fang Kou ◽

Bangjie Zhu ◽

Wenbin Zhou ◽

Chunming Lv ◽

Yu Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Culture Media ◽

Targeted Metabolomics ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Branched Amino Acids

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Immunomagnetic sequential ultrafiltration (iSUF) platform for enrichment and purification of extracellular vesicles from biofluids

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86910-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jingjing Zhang ◽

Luong T. H. Nguyen ◽

Richard Hickey ◽

Nicole Walters ◽

Xinyu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Culture Media ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Immunomagnetic Beads ◽

Liquid Biopsies ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Healthy Donors

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from tumor cells have the potential to provide a much-needed source of non-invasive molecular biomarkers for liquid biopsies. However, current methods for EV isolation have limited specificity towards tumor-derived EVs that limit their clinical use. Here, we present an approach called immunomagnetic sequential ultrafiltration (iSUF) that consists of sequential stages of purification and enrichment of EVs in approximately 2 h. In iSUF, EVs present in different volumes of biofluids (0.5–100 mL) can be significantly enriched (up to 1000 times), with up to 99% removal of contaminating proteins (e.g., albumin). The EV recovery rate by iSUF for cell culture media (CCM), serum, and urine corresponded to 98.0% ± 3.6%, 96.0% ± 2.0% and 94.0% ± 1.9%, respectively (p > 0.05). The final step of iSUF enables the separation of tumor-specific EVs by incorporating immunomagnetic beads to target EV subpopulations. Serum from a cohort of clinical samples from metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients and healthy donors were processed by the iSUF platform and the isolated EVs from patients showed significantly higher expression levels of BC biomarkers (i.e., HER2, CD24, and miR21).

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