scholarly journals Lignin Valorizations with Ni Catalysts for Renewable Chemicals and Fuels Productions

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Weixiang Guan ◽  
Chi-Wing Tsang ◽  
Haoquan Hu ◽  
Changhai Liang
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Ni Catalysts ◽  
Lignin Valorization ◽  
Renewable Chemicals ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Thermal Stable

Energy and fuels derived from biomass pose lesser impact on the environmental carbon footprint than those derived from fossil fuels. In order for the biomass-to-energy and biomass-to-chemicals processes to play their important role in the loop of the circular economy, highly active, selective, and stable catalysts and the related efficient chemical processes are urgently needed. Lignin is the most thermal stable fraction of biomass and a particularly important resource for the production of chemicals and fuels. This mini review mainly focuses on lignin valorizations for renewable chemicals and fuels production and summarizes the recent interest in the lignin valorization over Ni and relevant bimetallic metal catalysts on various supports. Particular attention will be paid to those strategies to convert lignin to chemicals and fuels components, such as pyrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation, and hydrogenolysis. The review is written in a simple and elaborated way in order to draw chemists and engineers’ attention to Ni-based catalysts in lignin valorizations and guide them in designing innovative catalytic materials based on the lignin conversion reaction.

scholarly journals Synthetic models of hydrogenases based on framework structures containing coordinating P, N-atoms as hydrogen energy electrocatalysts – from molecules to materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia H. Budnikova ◽  
Vera V. Khrizanforova
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Metal Doped

AbstractNowadays, hydrogen has become not only an extremely important chemical product but also a promising clean energy carrier for replacing fossil fuels. Production of molecular H2 through electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions is crucial for the development of clean-energy technologies. The development of economically viable and efficient H2 production/oxidation catalysts is a key step in the creation of H2-based renewable energy infrastructure. Intrinsic limitations of both natural enzymes and synthetic materials have led researchers to explore enzyme-induced catalysts to realize a high current density at a low overpotential. In recent times, highly active widespread numerous electrocatalysts, both homogeneous or heterogeneous (immobilized on the electrode), such as transition metal complexes, heteroatom- or metal-doped nanocarbons, metal-organic frameworks, and other metal derivatives (calix [4] resorcinols, pectates, etc.), which are, to one extent or another, structural or functional analogs of hydrogenases, have been extensively studied as alternatives for Pt-based catalysts, demonstrating prospects for the development of a “hydrogen economy”. This mini-review generalizes some achievements in the field of development of new electrocatalysts for H2 production/oxidation and their application for fuel cells, mainly focuses on the consideration of the catalytic activity of M[P2N2]22+ (M = Ni, Fe) complexes and other nickel structures which have been recently obtained.

Co3O4-CuCoO2 hybrid nanoplates as a low-cost and highly active catalyst for producing hydrogen from ammonia borane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufa Feng ◽  
Jinyun Liao ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Qingyu Liao ◽  
Huize Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Active Catalyst ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ammonia Borane ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Promising Strategy

Developing low-cost and highly active hydrolysis catalytic materials for the dehydrogenation of hydrogen-rich chemicals is a promising strategy to store and easily release hydrogen for fuel cell applications. In this...

Silica-confined Ru highly-dispersing on ZrO2 with enhanced activity and thermal stability in dichloroethane combustion

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Fei ◽  
Zhicheng Wang ◽  
Dunfei Li ◽  
Fan Xue ◽  
Chao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Spontaneous Deposition ◽  
Efficient Strategy ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Enhanced Activity ◽  
Metal Sintering ◽  
Thermal Stable

An efficient strategy (spontaneous deposition to enhance noble metal dispersity and core-shell confinement to inhibit the noble metal sintering) is presented to synthesize highly active and thermal stable Ru/ZrO2@SiO2 catalyst...

Contributions of Sustainable Biomass and Bioenergy in Agriculture Transitions Towards a Circular Economy

2022 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Oloiva Maria Tavira ◽  
José Tadeu Marques Aranha ◽  
Maria Raquel Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Starting Point

The production of bioenergy and biofertilizers based on animal and plant biomass is a crucial pillar in circular economy (CE). CE conceptual model and main aims are closely related to the 3 “R” (reduce, reuse, and recycle) rule, which is to improve the use of resources, minimize waste, and assure sustainability. Although bioenergy offers many opportunities and could be an alternative to fossil fuels use, the path for a broader implementation of this type of activity is still long. This study marks the starting point or direction of research to be taken, ensuring the existence of benefits from plant and animal biomass for the production of bioenergy and biofertilizer, as well as the contributions of this type of production to the circular economy and the mitigation of the climate change impacts.

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydrotreatment of the Pyrolytic Sugar and Pyrolytic Lignin Fractions of Fast Pyrolysis Liquids Using Nickel Based Catalysts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yin ◽  
Maria V. Alekseeva (Bykova) ◽  
Robertus Hendrikus Venderbosch ◽  
Vadim A. Yakovlev ◽  
Hero Jan Heeres
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ni Catalysts ◽  
Nanoparticle Agglomeration ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Spent Catalysts ◽  
Cu Catalysts ◽  
Pyrolytic Lignin ◽  
Pyrolysis Liquids ◽  
Full Conversion

Catalytic hydrotreatment is recognized as an efficient method to improve the properties of pyrolysis liquids (PO) to allow co-feeding with fossil fuels in conventional refinery units. The promising catalyst recipes identified so far are catalysts with high nickel contents (38 to 57 wt.%), promoted by Cu, Pd, Mo and/or a combination, and supported by SiO2, SiO2-ZrO2, SiO2-ZrO2-La2O3 or SiO2-Al2O3. To gain insights into the reactivity of the pyrolytic sugar (PS) and pyrolytic lignin (PL) fraction of PO, hydrotreatment studies (350 °C, 120 bar H2 pressure (RT) for 4 h) were performed in a batch autoclave. Catalyst performance was evaluated by considering the product properties (H/C ratio, the charring tendency (TGA) and molecular weight distribution (GPC)) and the results were compared with a benchmark Ru/C catalyst. All Ni based catalysts gave products oils with a higher H/C compared to Ru/C. The Mo promoted catalyst performed best, giving a product with the highest H/C ratio (1.54) and the lowest TG residue (0.8 wt.% compared to 12 wt.% for the fresh PS). The results further revealed that the PS fraction is highly reactive and full conversion was achieved at 350 °C. In contrast, the PL fraction was rather inert, and only part of the PL fraction was converted. The fresh and spent catalysts after the hydrotreatment of the PS and PL fractions were characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM-EDX). The results revealed that the use of PS as the feed leads to higher amounts of coke deposits on the catalysts, and higher levels of Ni agglomeration when compared to experiments with PL and pure PO. This proofs that proper catalyst selection for the PS fraction is of higher importance than for the PL fraction. The Mo promoted Ni catalysts showed the lowest amount of coke and the lowest tendency for Ni nanoparticle agglomeration compared to the monometallic Ni and bimetallic Ni-Cu catalysts.

Design strategies toward catalytic materials and cathode structures for emerging Li–CO2 batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (38) ◽  
pp. 21605-21633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjun Hu ◽  
Chaozhu Shu ◽  
Chenxi Xu ◽  
Ranxi Liang ◽  
Jiabao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Art Design

The state-of-the-art design strategies toward highly active catalytic materials and cathode structures for Li–CO2 batteries are reviewed and discussed.

scholarly journals Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Reaction System Based on Metal-Organic Halide Perovskites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dohun Kim ◽  
Dong-Kyu Lee ◽  
Seong Min Kim ◽  
Woosung Park ◽  
Uk Sim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Organic Halide ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Metal Organic

In the development of hydrogen-based technology, a key challenge is the sustainable production of hydrogen in terms of energy consumption and environmental aspects. However, existing methods mainly rely on fossil fuels due to their cost efficiency, and as such, it is difficult to be completely independent of carbon-based technology. Electrochemical hydrogen production is essential, since it has shown the successful generation of hydrogen gas of high purity. Similarly, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) method is also appealing, as this method exhibits highly active and stable water splitting with the help of solar energy. In this article, we review recent developments in PEC water splitting, particularly those using metal-organic halide perovskite materials. We discuss the exceptional optical and electrical characteristics which often dictate PEC performance. We further extend our discussion to the material limit of perovskite under a hydrogen production environment, i.e., that PEC reactions often degrade the contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. Finally, we introduce recent improvements in the stability of a perovskite-based PEC device.

Tin dioxide facilitated truncated octahedral Pt3Ni alloy catalyst: synthesis and ultra highly active and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (31) ◽  
pp. 26323-26328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Chunyu Du ◽  
Geping Yin
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Ni Catalysts ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Orr Activity ◽  
Alloy Catalyst

This work firstly synthesized SnO2 modified truncated octahedral Pt3Ni alloy nanoparticle electrocatalyst using neat FPD as the solvent, ORR activity and durability of which is 2.4 times and 2.5 times that of Pt3Ni catalysts.

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