scholarly journals Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Reaction System Based on Metal-Organic Halide Perovskites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dohun Kim ◽  
Dong-Kyu Lee ◽  
Seong Min Kim ◽  
Woosung Park ◽  
Uk Sim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Organic Halide ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Metal Organic

In the development of hydrogen-based technology, a key challenge is the sustainable production of hydrogen in terms of energy consumption and environmental aspects. However, existing methods mainly rely on fossil fuels due to their cost efficiency, and as such, it is difficult to be completely independent of carbon-based technology. Electrochemical hydrogen production is essential, since it has shown the successful generation of hydrogen gas of high purity. Similarly, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) method is also appealing, as this method exhibits highly active and stable water splitting with the help of solar energy. In this article, we review recent developments in PEC water splitting, particularly those using metal-organic halide perovskite materials. We discuss the exceptional optical and electrical characteristics which often dictate PEC performance. We further extend our discussion to the material limit of perovskite under a hydrogen production environment, i.e., that PEC reactions often degrade the contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. Finally, we introduce recent improvements in the stability of a perovskite-based PEC device.

Self-assembly of a cobalt(II)-based metal–organic framework as an effective water-splitting heterogeneous catalyst for light-driven hydrogen production

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-624
Author(s):  
Yong Dou ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Lan Qin ◽  
Yunhui Dong ◽  
Zhen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The solar photocatalysis of water splitting represents a significant branch of enzymatic simulation by efficient chemical conversion and the generation of hydrogen as green energy provides a feasible way for the replacement of fossil fuels to solve energy and environmental issues. We report herein the self-assembly of a CoII-based metal–organic framework (MOF) constructed from 4,4′,4′′,4′′′-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrabenzoic acid [or tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)ethylene, H4TCPE] and 4,4′-bipyridyl (bpy) as four-point- and two-point-connected nodes, respectively. This material, namely, poly[(μ-4,4′-bipyridyl)[μ8-4,4′,4′′,4′′′-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrabenzoato]cobalt(II)], [Co(C30H16O8)(C10H8N2)] n , crystallized as dark-red block-shaped crystals with high crystallinity and was fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, PXRD, IR, solid-state UV–Vis and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The redox-active CoII atoms in the structure could be used as the catalytic sites for hydrogen production via water splitting. The application of this new MOF as a heterogeneous catalyst for light-driven H2 production has been explored in a three-component system with fluorescein as photosensitizer and trimethylamine as the sacrificial electron donor, and the initial volume of H2 production is about 360 µmol after 12 h irradiation.

scholarly journals Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Wang ◽  
Aolin Lu ◽  
Chuan-Jian Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

AbstractAs a promising substitute for fossil fuels, hydrogen has emerged as a clean and renewable energy. A key challenge is the efficient production of hydrogen to meet the commercial-scale demand of hydrogen. Water splitting electrolysis is a promising pathway to achieve the efficient hydrogen production in terms of energy conversion and storage in which catalysis or electrocatalysis plays a critical role. The development of active, stable, and low-cost catalysts or electrocatalysts is an essential prerequisite for achieving the desired electrocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting for practical use, which constitutes the central focus of this review. It will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency. This will be followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media. Recent advances in the design and preparation of nanostructured noble-metal and non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts will be discussed. New strategies and insights in exploring the synergistic structure, morphology, composition, and active sites of the nanostructured electrocatalysts for increasing the electrocatalytic activity and stability in HER and OER will be highlighted. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the design of active and robust electrocatalysts for HER and OER towards efficient production of hydrogen from water splitting electrolysis will also be outlined.

scholarly journals Synthetic models of hydrogenases based on framework structures containing coordinating P, N-atoms as hydrogen energy electrocatalysts – from molecules to materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia H. Budnikova ◽  
Vera V. Khrizanforova
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Metal Doped

AbstractNowadays, hydrogen has become not only an extremely important chemical product but also a promising clean energy carrier for replacing fossil fuels. Production of molecular H2 through electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions is crucial for the development of clean-energy technologies. The development of economically viable and efficient H2 production/oxidation catalysts is a key step in the creation of H2-based renewable energy infrastructure. Intrinsic limitations of both natural enzymes and synthetic materials have led researchers to explore enzyme-induced catalysts to realize a high current density at a low overpotential. In recent times, highly active widespread numerous electrocatalysts, both homogeneous or heterogeneous (immobilized on the electrode), such as transition metal complexes, heteroatom- or metal-doped nanocarbons, metal-organic frameworks, and other metal derivatives (calix [4] resorcinols, pectates, etc.), which are, to one extent or another, structural or functional analogs of hydrogenases, have been extensively studied as alternatives for Pt-based catalysts, demonstrating prospects for the development of a “hydrogen economy”. This mini-review generalizes some achievements in the field of development of new electrocatalysts for H2 production/oxidation and their application for fuel cells, mainly focuses on the consideration of the catalytic activity of M[P2N2]22+ (M = Ni, Fe) complexes and other nickel structures which have been recently obtained.

scholarly journals Iridium Complex Catalyzed Hydrogen Production from Glucose and Various Monosaccharides

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Fujita ◽  
Takayoshi Inoue ◽  
Toshiki Tanaka ◽  
Jaeyoung Jeong ◽  
Shohichi Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Catalytic Reaction ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Iridium Complex ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Bipyridine Ligand

A new catalytic system has been developed for hydrogen production from various monosaccharides, mainly glucose, as a starting material under reflux conditions in water in the presence of a water-soluble dicationic iridium complex bearing a functional bipyridine ligand. For example, the reaction of D-glucose in water under reflux for 20 h in the presence of [Cp*Ir(6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine)(H2O)][OTf]2 (1.0 mol %) (Cp*: pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, OTf: trifluoromethanesulfonate) resulted in the production of hydrogen gas in 95% yield. In the present catalytic reaction, it was experimentally suggested that dehydrogenation of the alcoholic moiety at 1-position of glucose proceeded.

scholarly journals Photodeposition of Ag Nanocrystals onto TiO2 Nanotube Platform for Enhanced Water Splitting and Hydrogen Gas Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Aimi Jani ◽  
Choonyian Haw ◽  
Weesiong Chiu ◽  
Saadah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Poisim Khiew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Plasmonic Resonance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Ag Ncs

Current work reports the study of Ag nanocrystals (NCs) decorated doubly anodized (DA) TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) thin film as an efficient photoelectrode material for water splitting and photocatalytic hydrogen gas production. DA process has been shown to be capable of producing less defective NTs and creating additional spacious gaps in between NT bundles to allow efficient and uniform integration of Ag NCs. By employing photoreduction method, Ag NCs can be deposited directly onto NTs, where the size and density of coverage can be maneuvered by merely varying the concentration of Ag precursors. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that the Ag NCs with controllable size are homogeneously decorated onto the walls of NTs with random yet uniform distribution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirm the formation of anatase TiO2 NTs and Ag NCs, which can be well indexed to standard patterns. The decoration of metallic Ag NCs onto the surface of NTs demonstrates a significant enhancement in the photoconversion efficiency as compared to that of pristine TiO2 NTs. Additionally, the as-prepared nanocomposite film also shows improved efficiency when used as a photocatalyst platform in the production of hydrogen gas. Such improvement in the performance of water splitting and photocatalytic hydrogen gas production activity can be credited to the surface plasmonic resonance of Ag NCs present on the surface of the NTs, which renders improved light absorption and better charge separation. The current work can serve as a model of study for designing more advanced nanoarchitecture photoelectrode for renewable energy application.

Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Data Analytics and Visualization

2015 ◽  
Vol 1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Vashishta ◽  
Rajiv K. Kalia ◽  
Aiichiro Nakano ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Ken-ichi Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Silica Surface ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
List Type ◽  
Reactive Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Blue Gene

ABSTRACTMultimillion-atom reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) and large quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations are used to investigate structural and dynamical correlations under highly nonequilibrium conditions and reactive processes in nanostructured materials under extreme conditions. This paper discusses four simulations:1.RMD simulations of heated aluminum nanoparticles have been performed to study the fast oxidation reaction processes of the core (aluminum)-shell (alumina) nanoparticles and small complexes.2.Cavitation bubbles readily occur in fluids subjected to rapid changes in pressure. We have used billion-atom RMD simulations on a 163,840-processor Blue Gene/P supercomputer to investigate chemical and mechanical damages caused by shock-induced collapse of nanobubbles in water near silica surface. Collapse of an empty nanobubble generates high-speed nanojet, resulting in the formation of a pit on the surface. The gas-filled bubbles undergo partial collapse and consequently the damage on the silica surface is mitigated.3.Our QMD simulation reveals rapid hydrogen production from water by an Al superatom. We have found a low activation-barrier mechanism, in which a pair of Lewis acid and base sites on the Aln surface preferentially catalyzes hydrogen production.4.We have introduced an extension of the divide-and-conquer (DC) algorithmic paradigm called divide-conquer-recombine (DCR) to perform large QMD simulations on massively parallel supercomputers, in which interatomic forces are computed quantum mechanically in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). A benchmark test on an IBM Blue Gene/Q computer exhibits an isogranular parallel efficiency of 0.984 on 786,432 cores for a 50.3 million-atom SiC system. As a test of production runs, LDC-DFT-based QMD simulation involving 16,661 atoms was performed on the Blue Gene/Q to study on-demand production of hydrogen gas from water using LiAl alloy particles.

scholarly journals Cobalt-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Han ◽  
Minhan Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Ma ◽  
Jianping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Hydrogen has been considered as a promising alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. Electrochemical water splitting, as a green and renewable method for hydrogen production, has been drawing more and more attention. In order to improve hydrogen production efficiency and lower energy consumption, efficient catalysts are required to drive the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Cobalt (Co)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with tunable structure, adjustable pores and large specific surface areas, which has attracted great attention in the field of electrocatalysis. In this review, we focus on the recent progress of Co-based metal-organic frameworks and their derivatives, including their compositions, morphologies, architectures and electrochemical performances. The challenges and development prospects related to Co-based metal-organic frameworks as HER electrocatalysts are also discussed, which might provide some insight in electrochemical water splitting for future development.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Water Splitting Using Core-Shell Structured Cu/ZnS/COF Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3380
Author(s):  
Wenmin Wang ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Hsin-Ju Yang ◽  
Yuzhi Liu ◽  
Lakshmanan Gurusamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production ◽  
Redox Sites

Hydrogen is considered to be a very efficient and clean fuel since it is a renewable and non-polluting gas with a high energy density; thus, it has drawn much attention as an alternative fuel, in order to alleviate the issue of global warming caused by the excess use of fossil fuels. In this work, a novel Cu/ZnS/COF composite photocatalyst with a core-shell structure was synthesized for photocatalytic hydrogen production via water splitting. The Cu/ZnS/COF microspheres formed by Cu/ZnS crystal aggregation were covered by a microporous thin-film COF with a porous network structure, where COF was also modified by the dual-effective redox sites of C=O and N=N. The photocatalytic hydrogen production results showed that the hydrogen production rate reached 278.4 µmol g−1 h−1, which may be attributed to its special structure, which has a large number of active sites, a more negative conduction band than the reduction of H+ to H2, and the ability to inhibit the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Finally, a possible mechanism was proposed to effectively explain the improved photocatalytic performance of the photocatalytic system. The present work provides a new concept, in order to construct a highly efficient hydrogen production catalyst and broaden the applications of ZnS-based materials.

Hydrogen Gas Production Using Aluminum Waste Cans Powder Produced by Disintegration Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Seng Tat Lim ◽  
Sumathi Sethupathi ◽  
Abdulkareem Ghassan Alsultan ◽  
Loong Kong Leong ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Fossil fuels dependencies need to be stopped to safeguard the earth from further damage. This study focuses on the production of hydrogen (H2) gas using waste aluminum (Al) cans. Al waste cans were fed into disintegrator to produce fine powder. The hydrolysis performance of disintegrated powdered Al cans were compared with the commercial Al powder. The effect of different reaction temperatures (25 - 100°C); type of alkalis (NaOH, KOH and Ba (OH)2); and type of water sources (tap, deionized, ultrapure and distilled) for the hydrolysis process were analyzed. The Al powders were also characterized using different techniques to understand its behavior. It was found that powdered Al waste cans produced more H2 compared to commercial Al reported in the literature. The higher the reaction temperature, the higher the rate of H2 production. Deionized water maximizes the production of H2 compared to other types of water. Ba (OH)2 was found to be an unproductive alkaline for H2 production using powdered Al waste cans. The successful hydrolysis of powdered Al waste can in alkaline condition in this research has demonstrated as a cost-effective, clean and green alternative hydrogen production method.

I-V Characteristic and Performance of Three Electrode Alkaline Electrolyzer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwakar Kafle ◽  
Sushil Dumre ◽  
Saroj Tripathi ◽  
Shankar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water is seen as a promising technique as it is environment friendly and it can use renewable energy source for the production of hydrogen gas. However, this technology has less than 4% contribution to the production of commercial hydrogen in the market. This is due to the high electricity consumption of the water splitting reaction. The main challenge to make this technology efficient and economically viable is to develop cost effective and highly efficient electrolyzer. Here we have developed a three electrode electrolyzer in which an extra electrode is inserted between conventional electrodes: cathode and anode. This novel electrolyzer utilizes an extra voltage source which reduces the overpotential and increases the anode current of the cell, which is responsible for the hydrogen production. Furthermore, we observed that, the operating resistance of the cell decreases under the application of the new voltage source. Our results demonstrate that the introduction of third electrode improves the performance of electrolysis by consuming less power as compared to the traditional or conventional two electrode electrolyzer system.

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