scholarly journals A Newly Developed Empirical Predictive Model for the Dispersed Phase (DP) Holdup in Rotating Disc Contactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ayham M. I. Al-Rahawi ◽  
Wallaa A. Noori ◽  
Amer A. Abdulrahman ◽  
Hasan Sh. Majdi ◽  
Issam K. Salih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Extraction Column ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Average Percentage

Newly novel developed correlations were derived to predict the dispersed phase (DP) holdup in a rotating disc contactor (RDC) extraction column. DP holdup is one of the significant parameters in the design of liquid–liquid contactors and for calculating their production capacity. Despite the availability of quite a large number of holdup prediction correlations for the RDC, most of these correlations are either general in nature or valid for a limited range of operating conditions. This study conducted an experimental and theoretical investigation of the RDC holdup under the influence of varying geometries, including variations in the dispersed phase distributor, speed of the disc, flow rate, and physical characteristics of the system. The analysis revealed that the holdup decreased with an increasing distributor hole diameter and increased with an increasing disc speed and total flow rate. The effect of the physical properties on the holdup was larger than the effect of the disc speed. Using the measurements of over 150 runs, two RDC column holdup predictive models were proposed and evaluated. The first correlation was derived in terms of the distributor hole diameter, operating parameters, system physical properties, and column geometry. The second correlation excluded the column geometry. These correlations, which consider the distributor hole inlet diameter in predicting the DP holdup for an RDC column, were presented for the first time in this study. The predictive capability of these correlations was evaluated via their standard deviation (SD) and mean average percentage error (MAPE). The respective SD and MAPE of the two correlations were 1.7 and 5.2% for the first correlation and 1.6 and 11.4% for the second.

scholarly journals Dispersed phase hold-up and characteristic velocity in a pulsed packed extraction column

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Asadollahzadeh ◽  
Jaber Safdari ◽  
Ali Haghighi-Asl ◽  
Meisam Torab-Mostaedi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Empirical Correlation ◽  
Extraction Column ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Characteristic Velocity ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Good Agreement

Dispersed phase hold-up has been measured in a 76.2 mm diameter pulsed packed column for four different liquid-liquid systems. The effects of pulsation intensity, phase ratio, and packing characteristic on the hold-up have been investigated under a variety of operating conditions. The dispersed phase axial hold-up shows a strong non-uniformity, depending on the operating conditions. The results indicated that the characteristic velocity approach is applicable to this type of extraction column for analysis of hold-up. An empirical correlation is derived for prediction of the hold-up in terms of operating variables, physical properties of the systems, and packing geometry. Good agreement between prediction and experiments was observed for all investigated operating conditions.

scholarly journals Holdup and characteristic velocity in a pulsed packed extraction column

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e674982543
Author(s):  
Jarlon Conceição da Costa ◽  
Luiz Mário Nelson de Góis ◽  
Silvana Mattedi e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water System ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Extraction Column ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Characteristic Velocity

The present work aims to evaluate the hydrodynamics of a pulsed packed extractor, with an internal diameter of 0.026m and a length of 1.0m, using the liquid butanol-water system. Thus, the basic parameters obtained for the hydrodynamic study of the extraction column in question as dispersed phase, slip velocity, characteristic velocity and flooding point. The methodology used in the work consisted of determining the holdup fraction of the dispersed phase, obtained through tests of simultaneous interruptions in the column feedings. The effects of frequency pulsation, dispersed phase flow rate and continuous phase flow rate investigated in the analysis of these parameters. New empirical correlations derived from the predictions of the parameters studied obtained in terms of operating variables and physical properties of the liquid system involved. The average absolute value of the relative error (AARE) was always below 5.6%. Good agreement between calculated and experimental results observed for all investigated operating conditions.

scholarly journals KOEFISIEN PERPINDAHAN MASSA VOLUMETRIS KESELURUHAN PADA EKSTRAKSI Cu DARI LARUTAN CuSO4.5H2O DENGAN TRIRUTYL PHOSPHATE-KEROSIN DALAM DOUBLE-STAGE MIXER-SETTLER

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Panut Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Tributyl Phosphate ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Extraction Column ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution

Copper has been extracted by trtbuthyl phosphate-kerosene from a dilute aqueous solution with a double- stage mixer-settler extraction column. The extraction column used in this experiment was made of glass. The mixer diameter was equal to the diameter of settler was 13 cm. Both the mixer and settler heights were 8 cm. Drop coalescer was mounted in the middle of mixer and settler separator. The diameter of drop coalescer was 6 cm with the thickness of 1 cm. The hole diameter of drop coalescer was 1 mm The stirrer used in this experiment was cross flat blade with the diameter and width of the impeller was 6 cm and 8 mm, respectively. The overall volumetric coefficient of mass transfer (Kca) increased by increasing the flowrate of the continuous phase (Lc) at the constants stirring speed (N) and flowrate of the dispersed phase (Ld). The increase of Lc from 4.1634 cm3/second to 17.9436 cm3/second increased the Kca value from 6.6387x10-5/second to 23.1561x10-5/second or 248.8% The value of Kca was also increase by increasing N at the constant values of Lc and Ld Thie increase of N from 3.3333 rps to 8.3333 rps increased the Kca value from 6.0288x10-5/second to 6.6387x10-5/second or 10.1%.Keywords: Mass Transfer Coefficient, Extraction, Copper, Double-Stage Mixer-SettlerAbstrak Penelitian ini mempelajari perpindahan massa antar fasa pada ekstraksi Cu dart larutan CuSO4.5H2O dengan menggunakan pelarut tributyl phosphate dalam kerosin yang dilakukan dalam kolom ekstraksi double-stage mixer-settler yang dtsusun vertikal. Kolom ekstraksi mixer-settler dibuat darti gelas dengan diameter mixer sama dengan diameter sealer, yaitu 13 cm. Tinggi mixer juga sama dengan tinggt settler, yaitu 8 cm. Diameter drop coalescer 8 cm, tebal 1 cm, dan diameter lubangnya 1 mm. Pengaduk yang digunakan berbentuk flat blade dengan diameter 6 cm dan lebar blade 8 mm. Koeftsien perpindahan massa volumetris keseluruhan (Kca) naik dengan naiknya kecepatan alir fasa kontinyu (Lc) pada kecepatan putaran pengaduk (N) dan kecepatan alir fasa dispersi (Ld) tetap. Kenatkan nilai Lc dart 4,1634 cm3/detik menjadi 17,9436 cm3/detik meningkatkan nilai Kca dart 6,6387x10-5/detik menjadi 23,1561x10-5/detik atau 248,8% Kca juga naik dengan naiknya N pada Lc dan Ld yang tetap. Kenaikan nilai N dart 3,3333 rps menjadi 8,3333 rps meningkatkan nilai Kca dart 6,0288x10-5/detik menjadt 6,6387x10-5/detik atau 10,1%.Kata Kunci : Koefesien Perpindahan Massa, Ekstraksi, Tembaga, Double-Stage Mixer-Settler

Influence of Physical Properties of Phases on Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer Characteristics of a Liquid-Liquid Circular Microchannel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sattari-Najafabadi ◽  
Bengt Sundén ◽  
Zan Wu ◽  
Mohsen Nasr Esfahany
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Rate Ratio ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient

The influences of operating conditions and physical properties of the two phases on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a circular liquid-liquid microchannel have been investigated. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microchannel has an internal diameter of 0.7 mm and a T-shaped mixing junction. Sodium hydroxide solution was used as the aqueous phase. N-hexane and toluene were employed as the organic phases to investigate the effect of physical properties. Regarding the results, at constant total flow rate, raising the flow rate ratio enhanced the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Using toluene as the organic solvent enhanced the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient in average by 64.7% and 100.27% comparing to n-hexane-water at flow rate ratio of 1 and 0.5, respectively. This increment resulted in a decrement in the required mass transfer time and length in the microchannel. The length of the slugs had no considerable variation as n-hexane was replaced with toluene. Thus, the significant improvement of the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient was because of the increment of the overall mass transfer coefficient, not the specific interfacial area.

scholarly journals Extraction of heavy metals from aqueous solutions in a modified rotating disc extractor

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
B. A. Amer ◽  
M. H. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
E.-S. Z. El-Ashtoukhy ◽  
N. K. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Cation Exchanger ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Mass Transfer Equation ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Rate Of Extraction

Extraction of Cu+2 from dilute aqueous solutions as a case study by liquid cation exchanger in a modified rotating disc extractor was studied. The liquid cation exchanger consisted of naphthenic acid dissolved in an inert carrier kerosene. Variables studied were: initial concentration of Cu+2, disc rotational speed, concentration of naphthenic acid, flow rates of continuous and dispersed phase, degree of roughness, and number of rotating discs. The rate of extraction increased with increasing rotational speed, concentration of naphthenic acid, flow rate of dispersed phase, degree of roughness and number of discs to a certain number, while increasing Cu+2 concentration and flow rate of continuous phase decreased the rate of extraction. All variables were correlated by the dimensionless mass transfer equation. Possible practical applications of the present data in treating aqueous waste from different sources such as petrochemical industries, electroplating, and hydrometallurgical processes was highlighted.

Actuation and dynamic mechanical characteristics of a core free flat dielectric electro-active polymer soft actuator

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 7396-7404
Author(s):  
Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab ◽  
Emiliano Rustighi ◽  
Zainudin A.
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Initial Tension ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Soft Actuator ◽  
Average Percentage Error ◽  
Mechanical Dynamics

Various complex shapes of dielectric electro-active polymer (DEAP) actuator have been promoted for several types of applications. In this study, the actuation and mechanical dynamics characteristics of a new core free flat DEAP soft actuator were investigated. This actuator was developed by Danfoss PolyPower. DC voltage of up to 2000 V was supplied for identifying the actuation characteristics of the actuator and compare with the existing formula. The operational frequency of the actuator was determined by dynamic testing. Then, the soft actuator has been modelled as a uniform bar rigidly fixed at one end and attached to mass at another end. Results from the theoretical model were compared with the experimental results. It was found that the deformation of the current actuator was quadratic proportional to the voltage supplied. It was found that experimental results and theory were not in good agreement for low and high voltage with average percentage error are 104% and 20.7%, respectively. The resonance frequency of the actuator was near 14 Hz. Mass of load added, inhomogeneity and initial tension significantly affected the resonance frequency of the soft actuator. The experimental results were consistent with the theoretical model at zero load. However, due to inhomogeneity, the frequency response function’s plot underlines a poor prediction where the theoretical calculation was far from experimental results as values of load increasing with the average percentage error 15.7%. Hence, it shows the proposed analytical procedure not suitable to provide accurate natural frequency for the DEAP soft actuator.

Stabilization of the Speed of the Hydraulic Motor Through Throttle Compensation for Volume Losses

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Krasimir Kalev
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractA schematic diagram of a hydraulic drive system is provided to stabilize the speed of the working body by compensating for volumetric losses in the hydraulic motor. The diagram shows the inclusion of an originally developed self-adjusting choke whose flow rate in the inlet pressure change range tends to reverse - with increasing pressure the flow through it decreases. Dependent on the hydraulic characteristics of the hydraulic motor and the specific operating conditions.

UNITEMP HX

Alloy Digest ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract Unitemp-HX is a nickel-base material recommended for high temperature applications. It has outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures under most operating conditions, and good high-temperature strength. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-91. Producer or source: Universal Cyclops Steel Corporation.

HASTELLOY ALLOY X

Alloy Digest ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Molybdenum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Nickel Chromium

Abstract HASTELLOY Alloy X is a nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy recommended for high-temperature applications. It has outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures under most operating conditions, and good high-temperature strength. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: Ni-14. Producer or source: Haynes Stellite Company.

scholarly journals Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Modelling the Effect of Slurry Impacts on PLA Material Processed by FDM

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Bahaa Saleh ◽  
Ibrahem Maher ◽  
Yasser Abdelrhman ◽  
Mahmoud Heshmat ◽  
Osama Abdelaal
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy

In this research, the effect of water-silica slurry impacts on polylactic acid (PLA) processed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) is examined under different conditions with the assistance of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system (ANFIS). Building orientation, layer thickness, and slurry impact angle are considered as the controllable variables. Weight gain resulting from water, net weight gain, and total weight gain are the predicting variables. Results uncover the accomplishment of the ANFIS model to appropriately appraise slurry erosion in correlation with comparing real data. Both experimental and ANFIS results are almost identical with average percentage error less than 5.45 × 10−6. We observed during the slurry impacts tests that all specimens showed an increase in their weights. This weight gain was finally interpreted to the synergetic effect of water absorption and the solid particles fragmentations immersed within the specimens due to the successive slurry impacts.

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