Encapsulation of Grapefruit Essential Oil in Emulsion-Based Edible Film Prepared by Plum (Pruni Domesticae Semen) Seed Protein Isolate and Gum Acacia Conjugates

A dry-heated Maillard reaction was used to prepare plum seed protein isolate and gum acacia conjugates. Emulsion-based edible films (EBEF) were prepared by the encapsulation of grapefruit essential oil using conjugates solution as the continuous phase. The conjugates formed from 3 days of dry heating showed a significant improvement in emulsifying properties due to the unfolding of protein, as confirmed by structure analysis. The droplet size, electrical charge, and viscosity of emulsions increased with the increasing essential oil concentration, and all emulsions exhibited ‘gel’-like behavior. The water vapor barrier property, surface hydrophobicity, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the films were improved as the essential oil content increased in the range of 1–4% due to enhancement in intermolecular interaction and compatibility, as well as a denser microstructure. Furthermore, all films exhibited an inhibitory effect against E. coli, while their radical scavenging activity depended on the release rate from films. The results obtained in this work confirmed that EBEF could be used as a novel food active packaging in the near future.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Soy Protein Isolate-Essential Oil Monomers Edible Composite Films for Chilled Pork Preservation

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.638 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 726-731 ◽

pp. 638-641

Author(s):

Yun Bin Zhang ◽

Jing Wen Wang ◽

Juan Jiang ◽

Yue Xia Li

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Soy Protein ◽

Soy Protein Isolate ◽

Composite Films ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Edible Films ◽

Protein Isolate ◽

Meat Samples ◽

Chilled Pork

Soy protein isolate (SPI)-essential oil monomers edible composite films were prepared by casting and solvent evaporation method. Films antibacterial activity and preservation effect on chilled pork were investigated. The results indicated that composite films showed significant inhibitory effect on the growth ofEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonasandyeast. And the antimicrobial activity of ﬁlms containing cinnamaldehyde was the highest. The films containing 6% essential oil monomers had better preservation effect on the meat samples compared with those without package or packed with single SPI edible films.

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Encapsulation of essential oil in emulsion based edible films prepared by soy protein isolate-gum acacia conjugates

Food Hydrocolloids ◽

10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.05.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 178-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Feng Xue ◽

Yachun Gu ◽

Yi Wang ◽

Chen Li ◽

Benu Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Soy Protein ◽

Soy Protein Isolate ◽

Edible Films ◽

Protein Isolate ◽

Gum Acacia

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Chemical variability and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of the aerial parts of Ammoides verticillata and the roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their synergistic effect in combination

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323666200606213057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Noria Merad-Boussalah ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Boufeldja Tabti ◽

Jean Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Natural Food ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Ammoides Verticillata

Aim and Objective: Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of many disease. Some of appropriate actions that could be initiated to taken to resolve the problem of these diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study were to study the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8 locations using statistical analysis, the in vitro antioxidant properties of collective essential oils and in combinations. Materials and Methods: The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The intraspecies variations of the essential oil compositions were discussed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The antioxidant properties were evaluated DPPH-radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Results: The main components of Ammoides verticillata collective essential oil (Coll EO) were thymol (30.5%), carvacrol (23.2%), p-cymene (13.1%), limonene (12.5%) and terpinene-4-ol (12.3%). While roots of Carthamus caeruleus essential oil were dominated by carline oxide (86.2%). The chemical variability allowed the discrimination of two main Groups for both Coll EOs. A direct correlation between the altitudes, climate and the chemical compositions was evidenced. Ammoides verticulata and Carthamus caeruleus Coll Eos showed good antioxidant activity. In binary mixture, the interaction both Coll Eos and between oils rich of thymol and/or carvacrol with carlina oxide produced the best synergistic effects, compared to individual essential oils and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Conclusion: Ammoides verticillata and Carthamus caeruleus essential oil blends can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical antioxidants.

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Curcumin-based antioxidant and glycohydrolase inhibitor compounds: Synthesis and in vitro appraisal of the dual activity against diabetes

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406416666200506083718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Sajjad Esmaeili ◽

Nazanin Ghobadi ◽

Donya Nazari ◽

Alireza Pourhossein ◽

Hassan Rasouli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Curcumin Derivatives ◽

Reducing Power Assay

Background: Curcumin, as the substantial constituent of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), plays a significant role in the prevention of various diseases, including diabetes. It possesses ideal structure features as enzyme inhibitor, including a flexible backbone, hydrophobic nature, and several available hydrogen bond (H-bond) donors and acceptors. Objective: The present study aimed at synthesizing several novel curcumin derivatives and further evaluation of these compounds for possible antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties along with inhibitory effect against two carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as these enzymes are therapeutic targets for attenuation of postprandial hyperglycemia. Methods: Therefore, curcumin-based pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and identified using an instrumental technique like NMR spectroscopy and then screened for antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential. Total antioxidant activity, reducing power assay and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH• ) radical scavenging activity were done to appraisal the antioxidant potential of these compounds in vitro. Results: Compounds L6-L9 showed higher antioxidant activity while L4, L9, L12 and especially L8 exhibited the best selectivity index (lowest α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibition ratio). Conclusion: These antioxidant inhibitors may be potential anti-diabetic drugs, not only to reduce glycemic index but also to limit the activity of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing pathways.

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Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Insecticidal and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Three Acantholimon Species (A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium)

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190117153456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 272-278

Author(s):

Ardalan Pasdaran ◽

Satyajit D. Sarker ◽

Lutfun Nahar ◽

Azadeh Hamedi

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Main Compound ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

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Biological Activities of Carlina Oxide Isolated from the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190117152740 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 145-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Rania Belabbes ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Boufeldja Tabti ◽

Jean Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Penicillium Expansum ◽

Natural Food ◽

Antioxidant Power

Background: Carthamus caeruleus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The roots are traditionally used as healing agents. They help to heal burns and treat skin diseases. They are also used against joint inflammation and are very effective against diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome for cancer patients. Objectives: The purpose of this work was i) to study the chemical composition of i) the essential oil and hydrosol extract of Carthamus caeruleus, ii) to isolate the major component of both extracts and iii) to evaluate their antioxidant, antifungal and insecticidal activities. Methods: The essential oil and hydrosol extract obtained from the roots were studied by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using two different methods i) Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ii) the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a positive control. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oil and Carlina oxide was investigated against plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of C. caeruleus essential oil besides Carlina oxide was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly. Results: The essential oil and hydrosol extract were mainly represented by acetylenic compounds such as carline oxide and 13-methoxy carline oxide. Carlina oxide was isolated and identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic means. The results showed that Carlina oxide presented interesting antioxidant and antifungal properties, while C. caeruleus root essential oil had better insecticidal activity. Furthermore, Carlina oxide has demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal activity to control infection of apples by Penicillium expansum. Conclusion: Carlina oxide can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical fungicides to protect stored apple against Penicillium expansum.

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Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant Potential of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis Essential Oil

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10071081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1081

Author(s):

Matilda Rădulescu ◽

Călin Jianu ◽

Alexandra Teodora Lukinich-Gruia ◽

Marius Mioc ◽

Alexandra Mioc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

In Silico ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Β Carotene

The investigation aimed to study the in vitro and in silico antioxidant properties of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis essential oil (MOEO). The chemical composition of MOEO was determined using GC–MS analysis. Among 36 compounds identified in MOEO, the main were beta-cubebene (27.66%), beta-caryophyllene (27.41%), alpha-cadinene (4.72%), caryophyllene oxide (4.09%), and alpha-cadinol (4.07%), respectively. In vitro antioxidant properties of MOEO have been studied in 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging, and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assays. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the radical scavenging abilities of ABTS and DPPH were 1.225 ± 0.011 μg/mL and 14.015 ± 0.027 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating good antioxidant activity. Moreover, MOEO exhibited a strong inhibitory effect (94.031 ± 0.082%) in the β-carotene bleaching assay by neutralizing hydroperoxides, responsible for the oxidation of highly unsaturated β-carotene. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that the MOEO components could exert an in vitro antioxidant activity through xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition. The most active structures are minor MOEO components (approximately 6%), among which the highest affinity for the target protein belongs to carvacrol.

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Suggestions on the Contribution of Methyl Eugenol and Eugenol to Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) Essential Oil Preservative Activity through Radical Scavenging

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26082342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 2342

Author(s):

Nikolaos Nenadis ◽

Maria Papapostolou ◽

Maria Z. Tsimidou

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Methyl Eugenol ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Positive Contribution ◽

Scavenging Activity

The present study examined the radical scavenging potential of the two benzene derivatives found in the bay laurel essential oil (EO), namely methyl eugenol (MEug) and eugenol (Eug), theoretically and experimentally to make suggestions on their contribution to the EO preservative activity through such a mechanism. Calculation of appropriate molecular indices widely used to characterize chain-breaking antioxidants was carried out in the gas and liquid phases (n-hexane, n-octanol, methanol, water). Experimental evidence was based on the DPPH• scavenging assay applied to pure compounds and a set of bay laurel EOs chemically characterized with GC-MS/FID. Theoretical calculations suggested that the preservative properties of both compounds could be exerted through a radical scavenging mechanism via hydrogen atom donation. Eug was predicted to be of superior efficiency in line with experimental findings. Pearson correlation and partial least square regression analyses of the EO antioxidant activity values vs. % composition of individual volatiles indicated the positive contribution of both compounds to the radical scavenging activity of bay laurel EOs. Eug, despite its low content in bay laurel EOs, was found to influence the most the radical scavenging activity of the latter.

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Composition and biological assays of the leaf essential oil of Asparagus flagellaris (Kunth) Bak

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-020-00245-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Oluwakayode O. Odeja ◽

Michael Gabriel Ibok ◽

Ejike O. Okpala

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Leaf Essential Oil

Abstract Background Asparagus flagellaris leaves are ethnomedicinally used to treat syphilis, gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with no reports on the volatile constituents. This study was aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively characterise the composition of essential oil, evaluates the free radical scavenging and antimicrobial capacity of the essential oil. Methods The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation method using all-glass Clevenger-type apparatus, while the identification and quantification of constituents were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The antioxidant activity on 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was evaluated and the oil was also tested against 10 strains of microorganisms consisting of 6 bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and 4 fungi: Candida albicans, Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus spp. using broth dilution and surface plate methods, respectively. Results A pale yellow essential oil with a characteristic scent was obtained, with a yield of 0.80% (w/w). A total of 28 compounds accounting for 97.41% of the total oil contents were identified. The oil was predominated by Thymol and its derivatives, accounting for 57.48%. The most abundance (% area) constituents of the essential oil were 5-Thymyl tiglate (18.49%), Thymyl-2-methyl butyrate (17.34%), Thymol hydroquinone dimethyl ether (10.52%), Thymol methyl ether (9.42%) and 5-Propyl-1, 3-benzodioxole (4.59%). The essential oil showed a significant free radical scavenging activity compared to the standard antioxidant drugs used in this study, with % inhibition varying from 88.06 ± 0.0001 to 93.05 ± 0.0006. The leaf essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity on all the tested organisms at 500–125 μg/mL, with an 18–10 mm inhibitory zone. Conclusion The leaf essential oil of A. flagellaris contains notable chemical compounds responsible for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

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