scholarly journals Utilization of the Evaluation System for Spatial Comfort toward Multi-Layered Public Hanok Facilities

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Mi-Hyang Lee ◽  
Seung-Hoon Han
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Present Evaluation

This study aims to present evaluation methods that can evaluate thermal comfort reflecting traditional values of the vernacular architecture in Korea called Hanok, especially focused on modernized public facilities. For this purpose, representative vertically-sectional structures of Hanok has been categorized by the spatial configuration used for public buildings such as school, museum, library and so on. Next, a comfort assessment index was derived to evaluate the spatial comfort performance of Hanok especially with certified domestic standards and indices. Then, predicted mean vote (PMV) has further been selected as the method for the thermal assessment for their interior spaces. As a result, the surrounding conditions showed the least influence on the Hanok comfort and the adjacency type mostly affected the performance of thermal control in the aspects of the habitual sustainability. Finally, Hanok designs could positively be considered and utilized by surroundings and adjacency types that have the most advantages in terms of thermal environment.

Patronage of urban commercial clusters: A network-based extension of the Huff model for balancing location and size

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Sevtsuk ◽  
Raul Kalvo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Spatial Networks ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Household Level ◽  
New Town ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
User Access ◽  
Retail Demand

We introduce a version of the Huff retail expenditure model, where retail demand depends on households’ access to retail centers. Household-level survey data suggest that total retail visits in a system of retail centers depends on the relative location pattern of stores and customers. This dependence opens up an important question—could overall visits to retail centers be increased with a more efficient spatial configuration of centers in planned new towns? To answer this question, we implement the model as an Urban Network Analysis tool in Rhinoceros 3D, where facility patronage can be analyzed along spatial networks and apply it in the context of the Punggol New Town in Singapore. Using fixed household locations, we first test how estimated store visits are affected by the assumption of whether shoppers come from homes or visit shops en route to local public transit stations. We then explore how adjusting both the locations and sizes of commercial centers can maximize overall visits, using automated simulations to test a large number of scenarios. The results show that location and size adjustments to already planned retail centers in a town can yield a 10% increase in estimated store visits. The methodology and tools developed for this analysis can be extended to other context for planning and right-sizing retail developments and other public facilities so as to maximize both user access and facilities usage.

scholarly journals Isolated or integrated? Evaluation of ageing-friendly communities in Old Beijing City based on accessibility, social inclusion and equity

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Peiwen He ◽  
Congcong Yuan ◽  
Shunyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Beijing City ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Old City

Due to a rapidly growing ageing population, China is experiencing a rapid urbanisation, resulting in the uneven construction of public facilities. Therefore, the elderly have disproportionate access to public facilities and services. These problems are much more serious in old cities because of a fierce contradiction between society and land use. However, elderly populations are significant to the old city because they are the soul of the old city. Importantly, the old city is a container of memories of their lives as well as an environment they are acquainted with and unwilling to leave. Therefore, whether the urban space in the old city is ageing-friendly and whether the elderly are isolated or integrated in the current urban environment are questions addressed by this study. Based on the World Health Organization’s concept of an elderly-friendly city, this study constructed an elderly-friendly urban space evaluation system based on accessibility, social inclusiveness and equity and analysed four types of ageing facilities in 25 blocks of Old Beijing City. The results showed that the ageing resources in Old Beijing City are insufficient and uneven, and revealed that the development of the old city has a positive impact on the construction of an elderly-friendly community.

A Vibration Analysis and Evaluation System Construction Based on On-Line Inspection

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 1164-1167
Author(s):  
Yan Chun Xia
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Important Method ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
On Line

Vibration analysis(VA) is a very important method in the industry inspection application. Based on ISO10816, the severity level, certainty rating, the total risk rating matrix and the risk assessment index were proposed in the paper. Based on the testing samplings in a certain company and the assessment system established above, the VA analysis can be conducted and it is a good method for applying the predictive maintenance in the plant.

Die Attachment for −120°C to +20°C Thermal Cycling of Microelectronics for Future Mars Rovers—An Overview1

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall K. Kirschman ◽  
Witold M. Sokolowski ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kolawa
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Die Attachment ◽  
Mission Duration ◽  
Night And Day

Active thermal control for electronics on Mars rovers imposes a serious penalty in weight, volume, power consumption, and reliability. Thus, we propose that thermal control be eliminated for future rovers. From a functional standpoint there is no reason that the electronics could not operate over the entire temperature range of the Martian environment, which can vary from a low of ≈−90°C to a high of ≈+20°C during the Martian night and day. The upper end of this range is well within that for conventional electronics. Although the lower end is considerably below that for which conventional—even high-reliability—electronics is designed or tested, it is well established that electronic devices can operate to such low temperatures. The primary concern is reliability of the overall electronic system, especially in regard to the numerous daily temperature cycles that it would experience over the duration of a mission on Mars. Accordingly, key reliability issues have been identified for elimination of thermal control on future Mars rovers. One of these is attachment of semiconductor die onto substrates and into packages. Die attachment is critical since it forms a mechanical, thermal, and electrical interface between the electronic device and the substrate or package. This paper summarizes our initial investigation of existing information related to this issue, in order to form an opinion whether die attachment techniques exist, or could be developed with reasonable effort, to withstand the Mars thermal environment for a mission duration of approximately one earth year. Our conclusion, from a review of literature and personal contacts, is that die attachment can be made sufficiently reliable to satisfy the requirements of future Mars rovers. Moreover, it appears that there are several possible techniques from which to choose and that the requirements could be met by judicious selection from existing methods using hard solders, soft solders, or organic adhesives. Thus, die attachment does not appear to be a roadblock to eliminating thermal control for rover electronics. We recommend that this be further investigated and verified for the specific hardware and thermal conditions appropriate to Mars rovers.

scholarly journals A New Way. Niue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Anthony Liuvaie Freddie
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The People ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Two Stages

<p>With the increase in climate change, small Pacific nations such as Niue face significant risks from rising sea levels and the increased intensity of natural disasters such as tropical cyclones. These extreme weather events have caused severe devastation therefore threatening the fragile economy, and social and cultural fabric that make up the identity of Niue, a Pacific nation. This is evident in the decline of the island’s population. A current issue faced by Pacific nations such as Niue is the lack of contemporary vernacular, sustainable and resilient architectural solutions to the environmental and economic issues these nations face. Further compelling this situation is the lack of research and study of Niue’s traditions and cultural practices, vernacular architecture and natural environment. This issue has negatively affected urban renewal and developmental projects, most of which have been formulated based on individual’s experiences, outdated attitudes and approaches or the findings of research conducted through pan-Pasifika or western lenses. The devastating outcomes of Cyclone Heta in 2004, which struck most of the coastal edge of Niue, particularly the South side of the Capital Alofi, Aliluki and destroyed the national hospital, the national museum, the Niue Hotel and Amanau apartments brought to light the seriousness of this issue. From then until now, Aliluki which once was the centre of Niue has been stigmatised by cyclone destruction, and deteriorated into a barren ruin overgrown by nature.  This thesis aims to document and preserve through this project, local knowledge associated with Niuean building traditions and cultural practices; develop a design method that leads to a contemporary architectural solution informed by the local culture, traditional practices and contextual situation; and develop a viable architectural solution that contributes to increasing the resilience and sustainability of Aliluki to future disasters and enhances the economic prosperity of the community through an increase in social, economic, and cultural opportunities.  The design thesis argues that understanding Niue’s traditional values, practices, and contextual situation will help identify resilient and sustainable vernacular architectural solutions for Niue’s cyclone-prone environment. This is done through two stages of the research: Theoretical grounding and a one-month field research and site studies in Niue. All the key literature, case studies and key findings were then explored, tested and developed through the urban re-development of Aliluki and a design of a cultural centre that will be used as an evacuation shelter in the event of a devastating tropical cyclone. In search for a better and safer future, this research will hopefully contribute towards the survival of the people and traditions of Niue, who has for several decades, struggled with the forces of modernisation.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of indoor thermal environment of Aceh house based on WBGT index

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Muslimsyah ◽  
A Munir ◽  
Y Away ◽  
Abdullah ◽  
K Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Abstract Thermal comfort is one of the standard assessments of building thermal environment. Air movement is an important parameter for in a naturally ventilated to achieve thermal comfort by accelerating the evaporative cooling process on the human body. Aceh House has a standard of thermal comfort with a vernacular architecture with a natural ventilation system. This vernacular architectural building has a fairly high harmonization of the environment because it has undergone a process of adaptation. In this study, observations were made at the Original House (OH), the Adaptive Reuse House (ARH), and the Aceh Modified House (AMH). By using the method of assessing changes in environmental comfort, using Wet Bulb Temperature Index (WBGT) method, the minimum and maximum temperature ranges are 25°C and 30°C. In the WBGT thermal rating, AMH has the higher thermal and is followed by ARH and OH respectively. Thus, OH has lower thermal compared to other Aceh houses.

scholarly journals Syntactic Analyssis of Spatial Configuration in Indo-Portuguese Houses in Goa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3037-3045
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cultural Composition

The culture of a place can be understood by analysing its architecture and vice versa. Each place has a unique culture and hence a unique architectural style. Vernacular architecture is a perfect example for displaying the culture of that place, as it is built based on the culture of that place. However, the culture of a place can be changed or altered when it comes in contact with another culture. The degree and dominance of one culture over another, purely depend on the sextent to which both the cultures have acculturated. Hence, vernacular architecture which is a reflection of culture also has a natural tendency to change and to accommodate changes and is flexible, adaptable and hence sustainable. There are many factors that lead to a cross-cultural composition like trade links, colonisation, and westernisation etc. among which colonisation plays a major role in the creation ofa new culture in the coastal stretch of India. Goa is one such perfect example where crosscultural miscegenation is seen due to Portuguese colonisation. This paper aims in understanding and evaluating the crosscultural amalgamation which is reflected in Indo-Portuguese houses through a study and analysis of four case examples in Goa using space syntax.

scholarly journals The Role of Local Materials in Creating A Meaningful Visual Experiences in Urban Public Facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 06014
Author(s):  
Triandriani Mustikawati ◽  
Maria M.C Sengke ◽  
Paramita Atmodiwirjo ◽  
Yandi Andri Yatmo
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Different Types ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Local Materials

This paper discusses visibility potential of local material products that are used as part of architectural spaces. Knowing the visibility potential of local materials is essential to create visual clarity that supports the ease of spatial orientation and navigation and provides a meaningful visual experience in urban public facilities. This study aims at finding the property quality of objects from local materials that contribute to the visibility potential. Field studies were conducted to identify different types of products from local materials and their characteristics associated with the quality of space experience. The visibility analysis using 3D software program then was carried out by simulating the placement of objects as elements of space in a particular spatial configuration. The result reveals several patterns of possible placement of objects from local materials that have the best potential to enhance visibility. These patterns can add to the alternative vocabulary in architectural design.

scholarly journals The Necessity of Improving the Standard for Thermal Environment in Korean Public Facilities

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Yong-Joon Jun ◽  
Jin-Ha Yoon ◽  
Shin Kim ◽  
Young-Hak Song ◽  
Kyung-Soon Park
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Standard ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

As one of the energy saving policies, the Korean government has been regulating the indoor thermal environment of public office facilities in Korea, starting with energy conservation measures in 1980. This policy, which is above 28 °C in summer and below 18 °C in winter, is causing discomfort among the occupants. The purpose of this study is to support the need to improve temperature limitation standards of the Korean public office facilities. For this purpose, the standards for the thermal environment in offices of major countries and associations were examined. Subsequently, they were compared with the Korean standards. Additionally, nine buildings of public office facilities in Korea were surveyed on the thermal environment, and PMV measurement was carried out. As a result, most of the buildings that complied with the cooling temperature standard as well as most of the buildings that did not comply were found to be uncomfortable. In conclusion, to improve the comfort of Korean public office facilities in the heating and cooling period, it is necessary to mitigate temperature regulation and regulate additional environmental factors.

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