scholarly journals Effects of Multi-Shell Free Water Correction on Glioma Characterization

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2385
Author(s):  
Lea Starck ◽  
Fulvio Zaccagna ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
Ferdia A. Gallagher ◽  
Renate Grüner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cancer Heterogeneity ◽  
Necrotic Tumor ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Corrected Data ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Tissue Characteristics

Diffusion MRI is a useful tool to investigate the microstructure of brain tumors. However, the presence of fast diffusing isotropic signals originating from non-restricted edematous fluids, within and surrounding tumors, may obscure estimation of the underlying tissue characteristics, complicating the radiological interpretation and quantitative evaluation of diffusion MRI. A multi-shell regularized free water (FW) elimination model was therefore applied to separate free water from tissue-related diffusion components from the diffusion MRI of 26 treatment-naïve glioma patients. We then investigated the diagnostic value of the derived measures of FW maps as well as FW-corrected tensor-derived maps of fractional anisotropy (FA). Presumed necrotic tumor regions display greater mean and variance of FW content than other parts of the tumor. On average, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for the classification of necrotic and enhancing tumor volumes increased by 5% in corrected data compared to non-corrected data. FW elimination shifts the FA distribution in non-enhancing tumor parts toward higher values and significantly increases its entropy (p ≤ 0.003), whereas skewness is decreased (p ≤ 0.004). Kurtosis is significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in high-grade tumors. In conclusion, eliminating FW contributions improved quantitative estimations of FA, which helps to disentangle the cancer heterogeneity.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

Characterizing Extracellular White Matter Pathologies Using Free Water Imaging Across the Schizophrenia Illness Course: A Multi-Site Harmonized Diffusion MRI Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S85
Author(s):  
Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Johanna Seitz ◽  
Doron Elad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Mri Study

Histomolecular classification of adult diffuse gliomas: The diagnostic value of immunohistochemical markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Figarella-Branger ◽  
A. Maues de Paula ◽  
C. Colin ◽  
C. Bouvier
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas

scholarly journals White-matter free-water diffusion MRI in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Carreira Figueiredo ◽  
Faith Borgan ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
Federico E. Turkheimer ◽  
Oliver D. Howes
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Illness Duration

AbstractWhite-matter abnormalities, including increases in extracellular free-water, are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Recent advances in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enable free-water levels to be indexed. However, the brain levels in patients with schizophrenia have not yet been systematically investigated. We aimed to meta-analyse white-matter free-water levels in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy volunteers. We performed a literature search in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases. Diffusion MRI studies reporting free-water in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls were included. We investigated the effect of demographic variables, illness duration, chlorpromazine equivalents of antipsychotic medication, type of scanner, and clinical symptoms severity on free-water measures. Ten studies, including five of first episode of psychosis have investigated free-water levels in schizophrenia, with significantly higher levels reported in whole-brain and specific brain regions (including corona radiata, internal capsule, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum bundle, and corpus callosum). Six studies, including a total of 614 participants met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Whole-brain free-water levels were significantly higher in patients relative to healthy volunteers (Hedge’s g = 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.69, p = 0.02). Sex moderated this effect, such that smaller effects were seen in samples with more females (z = −2.54, p < 0.05), but antipsychotic dose, illness duration and symptom severity did not. Patients with schizophrenia have increased free-water compared to healthy volunteers. Future studies are necessary to determine the pathological sources of increased free-water, and its relationship with illness duration and severity.

scholarly journals Variability of Platanus orientalis leaves under a heterogeneous environment in the Hissar Valley of Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Saifiddin Davlatzoda ◽  
Jamoliddin Bobokalonov ◽  
Elena Baikova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Cement Factories

Geospatial monitoring of leaves variability has been performed for Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan. 17 local populations were clustered in four territorial groups and investigated by 11 morphometric variables and four indices. Six levels of variability were taken in the classification of S.A. Mamaev. All tested parameters were ranked due to the total score of variability levels. It was established, that indicators which have the combination of high, increased, and medium levels of variability, can be recommended for the purpose of geospatial monitoring. In the studied set of variables are two such ones: (1) the ratio of the length of leaf blade to the lengh of petiole, and (2) the petiole lengh. These two indicators reliably respond to point sources of industrial environmental pollution (Aluminum and Cement factories). Six indicators with domination of the middle level of variability, are of diagnostic value to differ loci inside territorial groups of populations. The results of the experiment confirmed, that set of variability levels for 8 of 15 studied parameters has diagnostic matter for geospatial monitoring of environment conditions in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan.

P1-171: Added Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurogranin in the Classification of Prodromal and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P468-P468
Author(s):  
Simone Lista ◽  
Nicola Toschi ◽  
Francesco Garaci ◽  
Kaj Blennow ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia

The contribution of strain patterns in characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions at transrectal ultrasonography

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Yan-mi Li ◽  
Xiang Fei ◽  
En-hui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Targeted Biopsy

Background Elasticity is an important characteristic of tissue. During an elastography examination, various strain images of lesions are observed, and a suitable classification of strain patterns (SP) may provide vital diagnostic information about lesions. Numerous studies have shown that ultrasound elastography can improve the detection of prostate cancer, but the diagnostic value of SP classification has not yet been fully evaluated. Purpose To investigate the contribution of SP on the characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions by transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE) in combination with conventional transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Material and Methods One hundred and seventy-one patients with suspected prostate cancer underwent TRUS and TRTE examinations. The SPs of the suspicious lesions were classified into five scores by TRTE according to the degree and distribution of strain. All findings were confirmed by transrectal systematic 12-core biopsies and targeted biopsies for suspicious areas detecting by TRUS and/or TRTE. Results One hundred and forty-eight of 171 patients had high-quality TRTE imaging and were included into the study. When a cut-off point of SP score III was used, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was, respectively, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67–0.83), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78–0.91) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77–0.91) for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by TRUS, TRTE and TRTE + TRUS. A linear tendency of SP and Gleason scores was observed in scores III-V. The detection rate of prostate cancer using TRTE-targeted biopsy (75.8%) was significantly higher than that of systematic 12-core biopsy plus TRUS-targeted biopsy (14.5%) ( P = 0.00). Conclusion This study suggests the significant contribution of SP on characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions and the improvement of TRTE-targeted biopsy on detection of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Cell Pattern and Ultrasculpture of Bulb Tunics of Selected Allium Species (Amaryllidaceae) and their Diagnostic Value

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Kaja Rola
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Cell Pattern ◽  
Cell Patterns ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Cell pattern and ultrasculpture were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy in bulb tunics of 46 Allium species to determine the diagnostic value of micromorphological characters. The study examined the diversity of these characters, evaluated their usefulness at different taxonomic levels (species, section, subgenus), and considered the results in relation to the recent intrageneric classification of the genus. Detailed characteristics are provided for the investigated species, and taxa showing the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in bulb tunic cells are indicated. The results suggest that several bulb tunic characters are of taxonomic significance in Allium as their variation between specimens of the same species was negligible; they can be useful elements of species descriptions and determination keys. Allium subgenus Allium shows considerable variation of bulb tunic ultrasculpture and hexagonal or elongated cell patterns. Differences in ultrasculpture are sufficient to distinguish species within the Amerallium subgenus. Three subgenera (Anguinum, Butomissa, Reticulatobulbosa) are characterized by fibrous tunics with reticulate ultrasculpture. Rectangular to elliptic cells with thick walls, giving the bulb tunic an almost perforated structure, are characteristic for Allium subgenus Cepa. No specific pattern was found for Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum and Polyprason. The only representative of subgenus Microscordum (Allium monanthum) showed distinct herringbone ultrasculpture. The bulbs of Allium subgenus Rhizirideum representatives can be distinguished by their linear ultrasculpture following the long axis of the elongated cells. Allium bulb tunic ultrasculpture and cell pattern show some degree of variability. These characters are of potential use in taxonomic delimitation, species determination and further study of the relationships between species, particularly in members of subgenus Amerallium.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document