Effect of Different Local Vibration Frequencies on the Multiscale Regularity of Plantar Skin Blood Flow

Local vibration has shown promise in improving skin blood flow (SBF). However, there is no consensus on the selection of the best vibration frequency. An important reason may be that previous studies utilized time- and frequency-domain parameters to characterize vibration-induced SBF responses. These parameters are unable to characterize the structural features of the SBF response to local vibrations, thus contributing to the inconsistent findings seen in vibration research. The objective of this study was to provide evidence that nonlinear dynamics of SBF responses would be an important aspect for assessing the effect of local vibration on SBF. Local vibrations at 100 Hz, 35 Hz, and 0 Hz (sham vibration) with an amplitude of 1 mm were randomly applied to the right first metatarsal head of 12 healthy participants for 10 min. SBF at the same site was measured for 10 min before and after local vibration. The degree of regularity of SBF was quantified using a multiscale sample entropy algorithm. The results showed that 100 Hz vibration significantly increased multiscale regularity of SBF but 35 Hz and 0 Hz (sham vibration) did not. The significant increase of regularity of SBF after 100 Hz vibration was mainly attributed to increased regularity of SBF oscillations within the frequency interval at 0.0095–0.15 Hz. These findings support the use of multiscale regularity to assess effectiveness of local vibration on improving skin blood flow.

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Effects of Preconditioning Local Vibrations on Subsequent Plantar Skin Blood Flow Response to Walking

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/1534734620905744 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 153473462090574 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaotong Zhu ◽

Fu-Lien Wu ◽

Ting Zhu ◽

Fuyuan Liao ◽

Yuanchun Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Recovery Time ◽

Reactive Hyperemia ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Metatarsal Head ◽

Foot Ulcers ◽

Sham Control ◽

First Metatarsal

Weight-bearing exercise such as walking may increase risk of foot ulcers in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) because of plantar ischemia due to repetitive, high plantar pressure. Applications of local vibrations on plantar tissues as a preconditioning intervention before walking may reduce plantar tissue ischemia during walking. The objective of this study was to explore whether preconditioning local vibrations reduce reactive hyperemia after walking. A double-blind, repeated-measures, and crossover design was tested in 10 healthy participants without DM. The protocol included 10-minute baseline, 10-minute local vibrations (100 Hz or sham), 10-minute walking, and 10-minute recovery periods. The order of local vibrations was randomly assigned. Skin blood flow (SBF) was measured over the first metatarsal head during baseline and recovery periods. SBF responses were characterized as peak SBF, total SBF, and recovery time of reactive hyperemia. SBF was expressed as a ratio of recovery to baseline SBF to quantify the changes. Peak SBF in the vibration protocol (6.98 ± 0.87) was significantly lower than the sham control (9.26 ± 1.34, P < .01). Total SBF in the vibration protocol ([33.32 ± 7.98] × 103) was significantly lower than the sham control ([48.09 ± 8.9] × 103, P < .05). The recovery time in the vibration protocol (166.08 ± 32.71 seconds) was not significantly different from the sham control (223.53 ± 38.85 seconds, P = .1). Local vibrations at 100 Hz could reduce walking-induced hyperemic response on the first metatarsal head. Our finding indicates that preconditioning local vibrations could be a potential preventive intervention for people at risk for foot ulcers.

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Mediastinal anatomical landmarks, their variants and tips for video-assisted thoracoscopic navigation during oesophageal extirpation

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy ◽

10.1007/s00276-021-02820-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergey Dydykin ◽

Friedrich Paulsen ◽

Tatyana Khorobykh ◽

Natalya Mishchenko ◽

Marina Kapitonova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prone Position ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Structural Features ◽

Posterior Mediastinum ◽

Visual Navigation ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Video Assisted ◽

Before And After ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

The Right

Abstract Purpose There is no systematic description of primary anatomical landmarks that allow a surgeon to reliably and safely navigate the superior and posterior mediastinum’s fat tissue spaces near large vessels and nerves during video-assisted endothoracoscopic interventions in the prone position of a patient. Our aim was to develop an algorithm of sequential visual navigation during thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus and determine the most permanent topographic and anatomical landmarks allowing safe thoracoscopic dissection of the esophagus in the prone position. Methods The anatomical study of the mediastinal structural features was carried out on 30 human cadavers before and after opening the right pleural cavity. Results For thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus in the prone position, anatomical landmarks are defined, their variants are assessed, and an algorithm for their selection is developed, allowing their direct visualization before and after opening the mediastinal pleura. Conclusion The proposed algorithm for topographic and anatomical navigation based on the key anatomical landmarks in the posterior mediastinum provides safe performance of the video-assisted thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus in the prone position.

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Brain Imaging and Treatment Response in Spasmodic Torticollis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.153.3.399 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 153 (3) ◽

pp. 399-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. A. O. Besson ◽

K. P. Ebmeier ◽

H. G. Gemmell ◽

P. F. Sharp ◽

M. McFadyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Basal Ganglia ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Corpus Striatum ◽

Spasmodic Torticollis ◽

Flow Imaging ◽

Blood Flow Imaging ◽

The Right ◽

Selection Of

A patient with spasms of the neck, occurring when he turned his head to the left, responded to treatment with benzhexol. Cerebral blood flow imaging demonstrated reduced uptake in the right corpus striatum compared with the left. The study demonstrates the presence of an abnormality in the basal ganglia; it also illustrates response to drug treatment. Cerebral blood flow imaging may be useful in the detection of basal ganglia abnormalities in spasmodic torticollis and assist in the selection of cases which should be targeted for treatment with drugs.

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Steep head-down tilt has persisting effects on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00087.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 583-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

A. Cortney Henderson ◽

David L. Levin ◽

Susan R. Hopkins ◽

I. Mark Olfert ◽

Richard B. Buxton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽

Regional Blood Flow ◽

Flow Distribution ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Relative Dispersion ◽

Lung Water ◽

Before And After ◽

Capillary Pressures ◽

The Right

Head-down tilt has been shown to increase lung water content in animals and alter the distribution of ventilation in humans; however, its effects on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow in humans are unknown. We hypothesized that head-down tilt would increase the heterogeneity of pulmonary blood flow in humans, an effect analogous to the changes seen in the distribution of ventilation, by increasing capillary hydrostatic pressure and fluid efflux in the lung. To test this, we evaluated changes in the distribution of pulmonary blood flow in seven normal subjects before and after 1 h of 30° head-down tilt using the magnetic resonance imaging technique of arterial spin labeling. Data were acquired in triplicate before tilt and at 10-min intervals for 1 h after tilt. Pulmonary blood flow heterogeneity was quantified by the relative dispersion (standard deviation/mean) of signal intensity for all voxels within the right lung. Relative dispersion was significantly increased by 29% after tilt and remained elevated during the 1 h of measurements after tilt (0.84 ± 0.06 pretilt, 1.09 ± 0.09 calculated for all time points posttilt, P < 0.05). We speculate that the mechanism most likely responsible for our findings is that increased pulmonary capillary pressures and fluid efflux in the lung resulting from head-down tilt alters regional blood flow distribution.

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Evaporation rate and skin blood flow in full term infants nursed in a warm environment before and after feeding cold water

Acta Paediatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb14813.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 86 (10) ◽

pp. 1085-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Ågren ◽

B. Strömberg ◽

G. Sedin

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Evaporation Rate ◽

Cold Water ◽

Full Term ◽

Term Infants ◽

Warm Environment ◽

Before And After

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Diminished skin blood flow in Type I diabetes: evidence for non-endothelium-dependent dysfunction

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs1010059 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Abram KATZ ◽

Karin EKBERG ◽

Bo-Lennart JOHANSSON ◽

John WAHREN

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Sodium Nitroprusside ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Perfusion Imaging ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type I ◽

Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging ◽

Before And After

The purpose of this study was to quantify the extent to which skin blood flow (SBF) responses to application of endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilating agents differ between Type I diabetic patients and healthy subjects. Patients and matched controls were studied after an overnight fast. SBF was determined with laser Doppler perfusion imaging before and after iontophoresis of acetylcholine (Ach; endothelium-dependent) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP; endothelium-independent). Basal SBF did not differ significantly between groups. Iontophoresis of ACh and SNP increased SBF 20-fold in controls. In the patients, the increases in SBF following iontophoresis of ACh and SNP were reduced by 18% and 19%, respectively, versus controls (P < 0.05 for both). These data demonstrate that Type I diabetic patients have similar diminished SBF responses to iontophoresis of ACh and SNP, which suggests that non-endothelial-dependent factors are primarily responsible for the diminished SBF responses.

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Assessing the effect of selected cleaning agents (bleach ethanol and liquid soap) on selected nosocomial organisms (E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in Uganda. A Case study of Kisubi Hospital.

10.51168/sjhrafrica.v2i9.33 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Faith Nakachwa ◽

David Serunjogi ◽

Kizito Muwonge

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Inorganic Compounds ◽

Liquid Soap ◽

E Coli ◽

Cleaning Agents ◽

Before And After ◽

The Right ◽

Selection Of

Abstract: Background The major cause of disease and even human death are bacteria. Disinfectant is widely used in various ways as an effective agent to kill or eliminate bacteria, especially in the microbial laboratory. The most commonly used disinfectants in the laboratory are ethanol, bleach, and hand soap. This study assessed the effect of the common cleaning agents against bacteria. Methodology It was an experimental study on disinfectant efficacy of ethanol, bleach, and antibacterial handwashing soap on surface disinfection. Sampling was carried out between April and June of 2017. The samples were collected from our lady of Consolata kisubi hospital which is located on Nkima Road- Kisubi, Wakiso, Uganda. The samples collected were obtained from the hospital surfaces like door handles, beds, random floors, toilets, and work surfaces before and after cleaning. Results 64 samples were collected from 32 sites. The selected nosocomial organism in the study included E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among the selected disinfectants, ethanol was the most effective against the available selected nosocomial organisms. Conclusion Bacteria is present on so many surfaces of the hospital, and the selection of appropriate cleaning agents is vital to achieve maximum cleaning. Bleach and liquid soap should not be used in combination if cleaning different surfaces in the hospital due to the effects of the inorganic compounds that might be present in the liquid soap that inactivates active ingredients used present in the Bleach. Recommendation The hospital should come up with a minimum inhibitory concentration of the disinfectants that is effective to be used. The support staff in charge of cleaning should be trained on the right way of cleaning and disinfecting.

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Effects of Foam Rolling Duration on Tissue Stiffness and Perfusion: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine ◽

10.52082/jssm.2021.626 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 626-634

Author(s):

Jan Schroeder ◽

Jan Wilke ◽

Karsten Hollander

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Tissue Perfusion ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Tissue Stiffness ◽

Foam Rolling ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Before And After ◽

The Right ◽

The Impact

Despite its beneficial effects on flexibility and muscle soreness, there is still conflicting evidence regarding dose-response relationships and underlying mechanisms of foam rolling (FR). This study aimed to investigate the impact of different FR protocols on tissue perfusion and tissue stiffness. In a randomized crossover trial, two FR protocols (2x1 min, 2x3 min) were applied to the right anterior thigh of twenty healthy volunteers (11 females, 25 ± 4 years). Tissue perfusion (near infrared spectroscopy, NIRS) and stiffness (Tensiomyography, TMG and Myotonometry, MMT) were assessed before and after FR application. Variance analyses revealed a significant interaction of FR duration and tissue perfusion (F[1,19] = 7.098, p = 0.015). Local blood flow increased significantly from pre to post test (F[1,19] = 7.589, p = 0.013), being higher (Δ +9.7%) in the long-FR condition than in the short-FR condition (Δ +2.8%). Tissue stiffness (MMT) showed significant main effects for time (F[1,19] = 12.074, p = 0.003) and condition (F[1,19] = 7.165, p = 0.015) with decreases after short-FR (Δ -1.6%) and long-FR condition (Δ -1.9%). However, there was no time*dose-interaction (F[1,19] = 0.018, p = 0.895). No differences were found for TMG (p > 0.05). FR-induced changes failed to exceed the minimal detectable change threshold (MDC). Our data suggest that increased blood flow and altered tissue stiffness may mediate the effects of FR although statistical MDC thresholds were not achieved. Longer FR durations seem to be more beneficial for perfusion which is of interest for exercise professionals designing warm-up and cool-down regimes. Further research is needed to understand probable effects on parasympathetic outcomes representing systemic physiological responses to locally applied FR stimulations.

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Purtscher-like retinopathy presented a honeycomb-like pattern in optical coherence topography angiography

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-019-1233-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bing Li ◽

Donghui Li ◽

Youxin Chen

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cotton Wool Spots ◽

Before And After ◽

Retinal Oedema ◽

Hypointense Signal ◽

The Right

Abstract Background To report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy (PUR) and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) findings before and after treatment. Case presentation A 65-year-old male presented with acute onset of vision loss for 2 weeks. Fundus examination revealed cotton-wool spots, retinal haemorrhage, and Purtscher flecken spread around the optic disc in the right eye. He was diagnosed with Purtscher-like retinopathy because he lacked any traumatic medical history. OCT presented some band-like hyperreflective lesions at the inner nuclear layer, which are indicative of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). OCT-A revealed apparent reduction in blood flow signal at the deep retina and choriocapillaris layers with a honeycomb-like hypointense signal pattern. After 3 months of follow-up, OCT revealed resolution of retinal oedema, but PAMM lesions remained visible. Based on OCT-A, the honeycomb-like pattern turned into a homogeneous reduction in blood flow with small patches of hypointense signal areas in the choriocapillaris. Conclusion This case presented a new OCT-A sign in PUR with a honeycomb-like hypointense signal at the choriocapillaris layer, indicating the involvement and ischaemia of the choroid during the pathological process.

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