scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Sensor Based on Palladium-Coated Tapered Optical Fiber at Room Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Mohammed Majeed Alkhabet ◽  
Saad Hayatu Girei ◽  
Suriati Paiman ◽  
Norhana Arsad ◽  
Mohd Adzir Mahdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydrogen Sensor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multimode Optical Fiber ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
H2 Sensor ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber

This paper describes the application of a palladium (Pd)-coated tapered optical fiber in order to develop a hydrogen (H2) sensor. A transducing channel was fabricated with multimode optical fiber (MMF) with cladding and core diameters of 125 µm and 62.5 µm, respectively, in order to enhance the evanescent field of light propagation through the fiber. The multimode optical fiber was tapered from a cladding diameter of 125 µm to a waist diameter of 20 µm, waist-length of 10 mm, and down taper and up of 5 mm, and coated with Pd using the drop-casting technique. In order to establish the palladium’s properties, various characterization techniques were applied, such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The developed palladium sensor functioned reproducibly at a gas concentration of 0.125% to 1.00% H2 at room temperature in the synthetic air. In this case, the response and recovery times were 50 and 200 s, respectively. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the production of a dependable, effective, and reproducible H2 sensor by applying a basic, cost-effective method is possible.

Effect of High Temperature Exposure on the Mechanical Properties of Self-Hardening Al-Based Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1489-1494
Author(s):  
Ildiko Peter ◽  
Christian Castella ◽  
Silvia Lombardo ◽  
Mario Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toughness Evaluation ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Mould Casting

Cost-effective, modified, self-hardening Al-based alloy is proposed for automotive and aircraft industries. AlZn10Si8Mg is produced by permanent mould casting technique, and the obtained material is re-melted to refine and modify its microstructure and to develop a mechanically more efficient alloy. Ti as grain refiner, in form of TiB, and modifier, in forms of AlSr, were added to the basic alloy composition. Microstructural analysis and impact toughness evaluation were performed at room temperature and up to 180°C. The results obtained confirm that the proposed alloy reveal good properties in the considered temperature range, and demonstrate their applicability for structural components development in the aforementioned areas and in a wide range of temperature.

scholarly journals Metal Oxides Based Hydrogen Sensor Works at Room Temperature

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Salim F. Bamsaoud ◽  
R. C. Aiyer ◽  
S. W. Gosavi
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogen Sensor ◽  
Ethanol Vapor ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Palladium Chloride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tin Chloride ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Response And Recovery

Tin chloride and Palladium chloride were used to fabricate H2 sensor based on PdO, SnO2 and PdOx functionalized SnO2 nanoparticles. There sensors were fabricated by spin coating technique using single step thermal decomposition method (SSTD) with annealing temperature of 550°C. The chemical composition and microstructure of the obtained samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS spectra, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The sensing characteristic of sensors was investigated at different operation temperatures 25, 50 and 80°C. Results showed that PdOx-SnO2 sensor exhibited excellent sensing performance to H2 at room temperature (RT). When the operating temperature was 50°C, the detection limit towards H2 was 0.5 ppm with ultrafast response and recovery time. In addition, the sensor exhibited excellent stability and repeatability at different relative humidity with a high selectivity to H2 detection against CO, CO2, LPG, acetone, methanol and ethanol vapor.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the SPR Effect in an Optical Fiber Device Utilizing a Thin Ag Layer and a 3092A Liquid Crystal Mixture

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7553
Author(s):  
Joanna Korec ◽  
Karol A. Stasiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Garbat ◽  
Leszek R. Jaroszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Resonance Effect ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Crystal Cells

This paper is a continuation of previous work and shows the enhancement of the surface plasmon resonance effect in a tapered optical fiber device. The study investigated liquid crystal cells containing a tapered optical fiber covered with a silver nanolayer, surrounded by a low refractive index liquid crystal in terms of the properties of light propagation in the taper structure. Silver films with a thickness of d = 10 nm were deposited on the tapered waist area. Measurements were performed at room temperature; liquid crystal steering voltage U from 0 to 200 V, with and without any amplitude modulation with a frequency of f = 5 Hz, and the wavelength λ ranged from 550 to 1200 nm. A significant influence of the initial arrangement of liquid crystals molecules on light propagation was observed. Three types of liquid crystal cells—orthogonal, parallel, and twist—were considered. During the measurements, resonant peaks were obtained—the position of which can also be controlled by the type of liquid crystal cells and the steering voltage. Based on the obtained results, the best parameters, such as highest peak’s width reduction, and the highest SNR value were received for twisted cells. In addition, the present work was compared with the previous work and showed the possibility of improving properties of the manufactured probes, and consequently, the surface plasmon resonance effect. In the presented paper, the novelty is mainly focused on the used materials as well as suitable changes in applied technological parameters. In contrast to gold, silver is characterized by different optic and dielectric properties, e.g., refractive index, extension coefficient, and permittivity, which results in changes in the light propagation and the SPR wavelengths.

scholarly journals SPR Effect Controlled by an Electric Field in a Tapered Optical Fiber Surrounded by a Low Refractive Index Nematic Liquid Crystal

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4942
Author(s):  
Joanna Korec ◽  
Karol A. Stasiewicz ◽  
Leszek R. Jaroszewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Garbat
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Metal Layer ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Fiber Axis ◽  
Initial Molecule ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Spr Effect

This paper presents the influence of a thin metal layer deposition on the surface of a tapered optical fiber surrounded by a low liquid crystal, on light propagation inside the taper structure. In this research, three types of liquid crystal cells were under investigation: orthogonal, parallel, and twist. They differed by the rubbing direction of the electrodes in relation to the fiber axis determining the initial molecule arrangement inside the cell. Gold films with thickness d = 30 nm were deposited on the tapered fiber surface in the tapered waist area. Cells including a tapered optical fiber with no metallic layer were also examined and presented as a reference. All measurements were performed at room temperature for a different steering voltage U from 0 to 200 V, with and without any amplitude modulation with a frequency f = 5 Hz, and the wavelength λ range from 550 to 1200 nm. As a result, the resonant peaks were obtained, which depends on a liquid crystal cell type and steering voltage, as well. This paper shows the possibility of sensing the change of applied voltage by the constructed system. During measurements, additional effects as signal overlapping and intermodal interference were observed reducing measured voltage value. In the future, the improved, similar systems that will have a better response could be used as a sensor of factors to which liquid crystal (LC) will be sensitive, especially temperature and electric field.

scholarly journals H2 sensor based on tapered optical fiber coated with MnO2 nanostructures

2017 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Akmar Mohd Yahya ◽  
Mohd Rashid Yusof Hamid ◽  
Siti Azlida Ibrahim ◽  
Boon Hoong Ong ◽  
Norizah Abdul Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
H2 Sensor ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber

Growth of halide perovskites thin films for thermoelectric applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (30) ◽  
pp. 1719-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikant Saini ◽  
Ajay Kumar Baranwal ◽  
Tomohide Yabuki ◽  
Shuzi Hayase ◽  
Koji Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Halide Perovskites

ABSTRACTThermoelectric materials can play an important role to develop a sustainable energy source for internet of things devices near room temperature. In this direction, it is important to have a thermoelectric material with high thermoelectric performance. Cesium tin triiodide (CsSnI3) single crystal perovskite has shown high value of Seebeck coefficient and ultra low thermal conductivity which are necessary conditions for high thermoelectric performance. Here, we report the thermoelectric response of CsSnI3 thin films. These films are prepared by cost effective wet spin coating process at different baking temperature. Films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In our case, films baked at 130°C for 5 min have shown the best thermoelectric performance at room temperature with: Seebeck coefficient 115 μV/K and electrical conductivity 124 S/cm, thermal conductivity 0.36 W/m·K and figure of merit ZT of 0.137.

scholarly journals Rayleigh imaging along an optical fiber in operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
Y Haddad ◽  
J Chrétien ◽  
S Margueron ◽  
J C Beugnot ◽  
G Fanjoux
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Nanometric Size

Abstract We present in this work a non-destructive and non-invasive imaging spectroscopic technique with a high spatial and spectral resolution to characterize the light propagation behaviour along a centimetric length and nanometric size tapered optical fiber in operation.

Influence of liquid crystal cladding on light propagation in a tapered optical fiber

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Moś ◽  
Karol A. Stasiewicz ◽  
Mariusz Florek ◽  
Leszek R. Jaroszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber

scholarly journals Modification of Higher Alkanes by Nanoparticles to Control Light Propagation in Tapered Fibers

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Karol A. Stasiewicz ◽  
Iwona Jakubowska ◽  
Joanna Korec ◽  
Katarzyna Matras-Postołek
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Beam ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Fiber Sensors ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Control Light

This study presents the doping of higher alkanes, namely, pentadecane (C15) and hexadecane (C16), with ZnS:Mn nanoparticles to create new types of in-line optical fiber sensors with unique optical properties. In this research, the phenomenon of light beam leakage out of the taper and its interaction with the surrounding materials is described. The fabricated new materials are used as cladding in a tapered optical fiber to make it possible to control the optical light beam. The manufactured sensor shows high sensitivity and fast response to the change in the applied materials. Results are presented for a wide optical range of 1200–1700 nm with the use of a supercontinuum source and an optical spectrum analyzer, as well as for a single wavelength of 800 nm, corresponding to the highest transmitted power. The results present a change in the optical property dependence on the temperature in the cooling and heating process. For all materials, the measurements in a climatic chamber are provided between 0 and 40 °C, corresponding to the phase change of the alkanes from solid to liquid. The addition of nanoparticles to the volume of alkanes is equal to 1 wt%. To avoid a conglomeration of nanoparticles, the anti-agglomeration material, Brij 78 P, is used.

scholarly journals Enhanced Red Emission in Ultrasound-Assisted Sol-Gel Derived ZnO/PMMA Nanocomposite

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van-Tuan Mai ◽  
Quang-Bac Hoang ◽  
Xuan-Dung Mai
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Band Bending ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simple Tool ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Cost-effective methods for preparing ZnO nanostructures are of importance for the deployment of ZnO in many applications including n-type conduits, catalysts, nanophosphor, and optoelectronics. Herein, we present a room-temperature sol-gel method with the aid of ultrasonication to prepare white-emitting ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). X-ray diffraction and electron microscopic analyses revealed that the size and shape of ZnO NPs can be controlled simply by changing the concentration of the Zn precursor. The ZnO NPs had a broad photoluminescence emission, ranging from 450 nm to 800 nm, while their composite in PMMA matrix showed an enhancement in the red region induced by ZnO-PMMA interfacial band-bending effects. The results demonstrated herein promise a simple tool for control over size, shape, and emission of ZnO materials for diverse applications.

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