scholarly journals The Effect of University Missions on Entrepreneurial Initiative across Multiple Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: Evidence from Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Mariana Pita ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial universities are a significant element of entrepreneurial ecosystems and aspire to foster entrepreneurial initiative through their “third mission”. However, while entrepreneurial ecosystems are scrutinized using a contextual approach to detect differences and similarities and how they affect entrepreneurship, little is known about how entrepreneurial universities impact entrepreneurial initiatives in general, considering multiple environments. Drawing on entrepreneurial university and entrepreneurial ecosystem theories, a conceptual framework is proposed that aims to explain the effect of the entrepreneurial university on an entrepreneurial initiative through its three “missions”, using an entrepreneurial ecosystem taxonomy. Based on individual data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, this entrepreneurial initiative analyzed 18 European countries in 2017. The results do not generally support the importance of entrepreneurial universities to entrepreneurial initiative. The relevance of entrepreneurial universities increases in more fragile entrepreneurial ecosystems since individuals need support over multiple dimensions. Conversely, the entrepreneurial universities that are embedded in stronger entrepreneurial ecosystems lose relevance and negatively affect the entrepreneurial initiative. Therefore, the value of entrepreneurial universities is reduced when individuals receive greater support from other dimensions. The variations across both groups suggest that the concept of entrepreneurial universities is not a contemporaneous phenomenon; however, their effect is progressively revealed by the maturity of each university’s mission. This perspective substantially changes the understanding of entrepreneurial universities as a thwartwise strategy, suggesting that the universities’ impact is expanded as their missions gradually evolve. Overall, the study contributes to an understanding of the implications for universities that blindly follow entrepreneurship, neglecting the exogenous environment, namely, the entrepreneurial ecosystem and individual drive.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Entrepreneurial Initiative: Building a Multi-Country Taxonomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4065
Author(s):  
Mariana Pita ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurship Policy ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Using Data

The main goal of this article is to appraise the existence of different patterns of the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, to identify its relationship with Entrepreneurial Initiative, and recommend entrepreneurship policies that may influence the growth of entrepreneurial action. Without evidence on entrepreneurial ecosystems landscape and what determinants stimulate entrepreneurship in a given environment, policies could become flawed and miss the target. To address research purposes, the analysis was performed using data extracted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Database carried out between 2010 and 2016. To ensure a longitudinal perspective, it was used a balanced panel approach followed by Logistic Regression estimations. The article offers a novel and systematic approach, the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Taxonomy, to overcome a disaggregated perspective on entrepreneurial ecosystems, between individual and context levels. Empirical findings capture four different country profiles, based on two measures: Entrepreneurial ecosystems and entrepreneurial initiative. The results allow to compare the four groups and appraise significant disparities around entrepreneurship determinants, namely, the education factor. While education is commonly recognized as a positive influence on entrepreneurship, the results suggest a contradictory effect. The existence of differentiated profiles and its determinants points outs the importance of developing specific entrepreneurship policy packages attending group specificities.

The Entrepreneurial University and Business Incubation

2022 ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Simon Stephens ◽  
Emily O'Flynn ◽  
Karen Alexander ◽  
Anne Burke ◽  
Isobel Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Business Incubation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

The primary aim of this chapter is to review the literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems, focusing on the activities of two key institutions: higher education institutions and business incubation centres (BICs). This chapter explores how best to manage the connection between business incubation centres and higher education institutions. It examines the activities of business incubation centres (BICs) as they relate to entrepreneurial universities and provides an overview of the key challenges associated with developing entrepreneurial universities. Findings are presented in the form of a conceptual framework that facilitates an improved understanding of the benefits of connecting the capabilities, activities, and outcomes associated with higher education and business incubation. The chapter offers a lens by which to consider the design of BICs as they relate to entrepreneurial universities and offers pathways to consider future research.

scholarly journals Creating a University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Selly Novela ◽  
Rizal Syarief ◽  
Idqan Fahmi ◽  
Yandra Arkeman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

Being a country with the fourth largest population in the world, but with an entrepreneur rate that only rank six at the ASEAN level, is a challenge for Indonesia. Entrepreneurship education plays an important role to increase entrepreneurial graduates of higher education. Global awareness of the importance of the role of entrepreneurship and innovation, in line with the growing awareness of higher education institutions, especially universities, to walk the entrepreneurial path. This study aims to form an entrepreneurial university model using a systems approach, where the university should not carry its own burden in carrying out the responsibilities of a third mission to help accelerate community development. The model produced using the Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) method describes the sub-elements as the driver factor that influence the transformation process towards an entrepreneurial university. The elements of the entrepreneurial university model are come from the elements in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. One of the results showed that in Indonesia, producing entrepreneurial graduates as entrepreneurs is a very important factor and will encourage other factors, such as product commercialization, patents, and realizing science and techno parks, as has been achieved by several leading universities in the world.   Received: 2 November 2020 / Accepted: 11 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021

scholarly journals Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Mariana Pita ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Acculturation Process ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
Contextual Determinants ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Impact

Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) have attracted the attention of academics, practitioners, and policymakers, that attempt to unlock ‘a winning recipe’ considering the different EEs pillars in order to ignite entrepreneurship at large. Therefore, understanding the degree of influence of each pillar on Entrepreneurial Initiative (EI) is helpful in framing more effective policies towards entrepreneurship. This study aims to bring a new facet to entrepreneurship research, specifically on decomposing the transformation of EEs and the influence of EEs pillars on EI. The transformation of EEs is shown by a balanced panel approach based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) dataset over 8 years (2010–2017), comprising 18 countries. The study has several implications for entrepreneurship theory and practice as well as public policy since discusses three main issues, mainly supported by empirical results. First, the results show an unbalanced influence of EEs pillars on EI. Second, results also show the ineffectiveness of institutions in encouraging the desire to act entrepreneurially. Third, entrepreneurship needs to be part of the acculturation process evidencing the importance of collective normative. Therefore, providing the instruments and structures is not enough to encourage individuals to start an entrepreneurial journey. Generally, the results reveal that contextual determinants are significant in fostering entrepreneurial propensity to start a business. But the impact of the nine pillars is not equalized, revealing a fragmented influence with funding measures, R&D transfer, and cultural and social norms discouraging entrepreneurial initiative. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of a multidimensional perspective on EEs and points future policy directions to overcome the lack of entrepreneurship and amend flawed entrepreneurship policies.

Do You Need to be Risk-Tolerant to Become an Entrepreneur? The Importance of the Reference Point

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Fuentelsaz ◽  
Juan P. Maicas ◽  
Javier Montero
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Entrepreneurial Entry ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Educational

AbstractThe creation of new ventures involves a great deal of risk and uncertainty. However, research has been theoretically divergent and empirically inconclusive about the influence of individuals’ risk tolerance on entrepreneurial entry. In this paper, we argue that this relationship is contingent on the reference point of individuals, taking into account the human capital and the opportunity cost of individuals when they decide to start a venture. This approach allows us to clarify some of the previous mixed results in the literature. We use a sample of almost 600,000 individuals from 90 countries that have participated in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor project between 2010 and 2014. Our results show that individuals with previous experience as entrepreneurs do not need to be so risk-tolerant to set up their own venture, while individuals with a job and/or a high educational level need to be especially risk-tolerant to become entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Founding figures and research frontiers in economic geography

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Schäfer ◽  
Heike Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Research Frontiers

Abstract The editorial for the special issue on entrepreneurial ecosystems summarizes the ongoing debate on the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept and portrays the backgrounds of founding figures of the concept. It traces the unique contribution of this issue with regard to recently published research. The contributions deal with the measurement of and the role of specific actors and institutions in entrepreneurial ecosystems.

Understanding Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin A Meshram ◽  
A. M. Rawani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Small Business Growth

Entrepreneurial ecosystems are a strategy that is designed to nurture economic development by promoting entrepreneurship, small business growth, and innovation. Ecosystems represent a new direction for entrepreneurship research that simultaneously increases knowledge of the complex contextual environments surrounding the entrepreneurship process, while at the same time providing useful contributions to policy debates around the role of high-growth entrepreneurship as a driver of regional economic development. This article reviews the concept evolution; different definitions and factors of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Additionally, it provides approaches of past contributions about entrepreneurial ecosystem. This article contributes to knowledge generation and provides further research directions. This study is an attempt to cover the different articles that exist on the entrepreneurial ecosystems.

scholarly journals Towards a network-based view of effective entrepreneurial ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Scott ◽  
Mathew Hughes ◽  
Domingo Ribeiro-Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Relational Development ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWe conceptualize entrepreneurial ecosystems as fundamentally reliant on networks and explore how and under what conditions inter-organizational networks lead an entrepreneurial ecosystem to form and evolve. It is widely accepted that entrepreneurial ecosystems possess a variety of symbiotic relationships. Research has focused considerable efforts in refining the structure and content of resources found within these networked relationships. However, merely focusing on actor-level characterizations dilutes the notion that social relationships change and are complex. There has been little conceptual treatment of the behavioral and governance factors that underpin how quality interactions composing an entrepreneurial ecosystem develop and change over time. In response, we provide a longitudinal ethnographic study examining how ecosystems are managed and evolve in their relational configurations and governance at critical junctures. Using mixed methods and data collected over 3 years, we reveal a cyclical process of relational development central to the initiation, development, and maintenance phases of a valuable entrepreneurial ecosystem. We contribute to a conceptualization of effective ecosystems as reliant on networks, we reveal the behavior and governance characteristics at play in the entrepreneurial ecosystem during each phase of its evolution.

La actividad emprendedora en la Región de Murcia. Informe ejecutivo GEM 2017

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship

El presente libro trata sobre el comportamiento emprendedor de la población adulta entre 18 y 64 años de la Región de Murcia en el año 2017, tratandose de la duodécima edición del Informe GEM-Región de Murcia, dentro del proyecto internacional GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) que coordina en España el Centro Internacional Santander de Emprendimiento (Cise), y la Asociación RED GEM España. El trabajo ha sido coordinado por profesores de la Universidad de Murcia. Gem es un proyecto internacional desarrollado por instituciones y universidades de 53 economías en su edición de 2017.

Innovative Approaches to the Formation and Development of the Startup Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Nataliia DEMIANENKO ◽  
Ilona YASNOLOB ◽  
Oleg GORB ◽  
Oleksii Zoria ◽  
Liudmyla CHIP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The article is devoted to considering the peculiarities of startup ecosystem formation. Modern theoretical views on the definition of startup ecosystem have been studied. The author’s definition of “startup ecosystem” term has been given. Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems aimed at creating innovative products and services by startup companies have been analyzed. The structural elements of startup ecosystem under endogenous and exogenous changes in the business environment have been singled out. The situation of startup development in Ukraine and their further prospects have been analyzed. Emphasis has been placed on the formation of entrepreneurial universities as an important component of the ecosystem. The experience of leading countries in the implementation and formation of startup ecosystem has been studied and adapted.

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