scholarly journals Temperament and Academic Achievement in Children: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 736-757
Author(s):  
Dalia Nasvytienė ◽  
Tomas Lazdauskas
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Level Transition ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unpublished Research

This study aimed to systematize the diverse and rather controversial findings of empirical research on the relationship between the temperament and academic achievement of school children, as well as to determine the average effect size between these variables. We included 57 original studies of published and unpublished research conducted in 12 countries between 1985 and 2019, with cumulative sample size of 79,913 (varying from 6333 to 14,126 for links between particular temperament dimensions and specific domains of achievement). A random-effects and mixed-effects model was fitted to the data for the central tendency of the temperament–achievement relation and for analyzing moderators, respectively. The high heterogeneity of studies was tackled by selected specific moderators, namely, education level, transition status, family’s socio-economic level, and sources of report on achievement and temperament. The main findings of this meta-analysis affirmed the positive association of effortful control (EC) and inverse relationship of negative affectivity (NA) with a child’s academic performance, together with no apparent trend of surgency (SU) in this relationship; additionally, the sources of report significantly moderated the link between temperament and academic achievement.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Dyadic Coping With Emotional Functioning and Quality of the Relationship in Couples Facing Cancer—A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelina Mihaela Ştefǎnuţ ◽  
Mona Vintilǎ ◽  
Otilia Ioana Tudorel
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dyadic Coping ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study is a meta-analysis that considers the association between dyadic coping and emotional functioning, and between dyadic coping and the quality of the relationship as perceived by cancer patients and their life partners.Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect and those peer-reviewed cross-sectional and longitudinal studies published up until April 2020 that investigated these relationships were selected.Results: A total of 1,168 studies were identified, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria (N = 1,727 couples). These evidenced statistically significant positive relationships between common dyadic coping and emotional functioning and between common dyadic coping and the quality of the relationship as perceived by patients and their partners. There was also a statistically significant positive association between stress communication (by oneself), supportive dyadic coping (by oneself and by partner), and the quality of the relationship. In addition, a statistically significant negative association was found between negative dyadic coping (by oneself and by partner) and the quality of the relationship as perceived by patients' partners and also between negative dyadic coping (by oneself) and the quality of the relationship as perceived by patients.Conclusions: The results suggest the existence of a significant association between dyadic coping and emotional functioning and between dyadic coping and the quality of the relationship as perceived by members of couples facing cancer. However, these results must be interpreted with caution due to the small number of studies included in the analysis. Clinically, an understanding of the existence of such relationships is helpful for the implementation, and study of the effectiveness of, interventions aimed at improving dyadic coping in order to improve both quality of life and quality of relationship in couples where there is an oncological diagnosis.

Association between obesity and the risk of uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213364
Author(s):  
Hao Qin ◽  
Zhijuan Lin ◽  
Elizabeth Vásquez ◽  
Xiao Luan ◽  
Feifei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundUterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common form of sex steroid hormone-dependent benign tumours that grow in the walls of the uterus. Several observational studies have examined the association between obesity and the risk of UFs, but findings are inconsistent. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to further examine the association of obesity with the risk/prevalence of UFs.MethodsA literature search was performed in three databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science) from 1 January 1992 to 30 May 2020. We used random-effect models to calculate the pooled ORs with corresponding 95% CIs. Additionally, we performed a dose–response meta-analysis to analyse the effect of body mass index (BMI), weight change since age 18, waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference on the risk/prevalence of UFs.ResultsA total of 22 articles, covering 24 studies including 325 899 participants and 19 593 cases, were selected based on our inclusion criteria. We found a positive association between obesity and the risk/prevalence of UFs (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.29). Among participants with the highest BMI, the pooled OR was 1.19 (1.09 to 1.31) when compared to participants with normal BMI. For weight change since age 18, the pooled OR (95% CI) of UFs was 1.26 (1.12 to 1.42) among the highest change group when compared with no change. Additionally, our meta-analysis indicated the relationship of BMI with risk of UFs to be an inverse J-shaped pattern.ConclusionsThe results of this meta-analysis suggest that obesity may increase the risk/prevalence of UFs, and the association is non-linear.

scholarly journals Relationship of Sodium Intake with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Children and Adolescents: Data from the CNNHS 2010–2012

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4551
Author(s):  
Kehong Fang ◽  
Yuna He ◽  
Yuehui Fang ◽  
Yiyao Lian
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

This study aims to examine association between sodium intake and overweight/obesity among Chinese children and adolescents. Data were obtained from China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNNHS), 2010–2012. All participants recruited in this study aged 7–18 years old and provided complete dietary data on three-day consecutive 24 h dietary recalls combining with the household weighing method. Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to define overweight/obesity, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was used to define abdominal obesity. Sodium intake showed association with risk of overweight/obesity assessed by BMI in the highest tertile group with OR of 1.48 (95%CI 1.13–1.94) and 1.89 (95%CI 1.33–2.67) for WHtR. After adjusted for gender, age, household income, area, energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, saturated fatty acids, and fiber intake, the relationship between sodium intake and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity are not changed. The same results were founded in subjects aged 10–18 years old. Our results reveal a positive association between sodium intake and overweight/obesity in Chinese children and adolescents, independent of energy consumption.

Attitudes of Parents and Guardians towards Education, School and Teachers, and Children's Academic Achievement

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1387-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varghese I. Cherian ◽  
Lily Cherian
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Education School ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

To study the relationship of parents' attitudes towards teachers, school, and education with the academic achievement of their children, a questionnaire was given to the parents of 1021 Standard 7 pupils (369 boys and 652 girls) randomly chosen from the Standard 7/Year 9 population of 14,765 boys and 26,109 girls. Analysis of variance indicated a positive relationship between parents' attitudes and the academic achievement of their children regardless of whether the children's parents were deceased or alive.

scholarly journals Resting Heart Rate as a Predictor of Cancer Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa ◽  
Iván Cavero-Redondo ◽  
I.M. Lee ◽  
Celia Álvarez-Bueno ◽  
Sara Reina-Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

This work was aimed to synthetize the evidence available about the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and the risk of cancer mortality. A computerized search in the Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to 24 September 2020 was performed. We performed three meta-analyses: (1) cancer mortality comparing the “less than 60 bpm” and “more than 60 bpm” categories; (2) cancer mortality comparing “less than 60 bpm”, “60 to 80 bpm”, and “more than 80 bpm” categories; and (3) analysis for 10–12 and 20 bpm increase in RHR and risk of cancer mortality. Twenty-two studies were included in the qualitative review, and twelve of them met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Our results showed a positive association between RHR and the risk of cancer mortality. This association was shown in a meta-analysis comparing studies reporting mean RHR values below and above 60 bpm, when comparing three RHR categories using less than 60 bpm as the reference category and, finally, in dose response analyses estimating the effect of an increase of 10–12 bpm in RHR, both in men and in women. In conclusion, a low RHR is a potential marker of low risk of cancer mortality.

scholarly journals Associations of CTLA4 Gene Polymorphisms with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Du ◽  
Xiaojie Ma ◽  
Changjiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
Ctla4 Gene ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Susceptible Gene

Many studies have established that T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) is a susceptible gene for Graves’ disease (GD). Also many studies showed the association between the CTLA4 exon-1 49A/G polymorphism and the risk of developing Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) in GD patients. But those results were inconsistent. In recent years many new studies were published which helped to shed light on the relationship of CTLA4 SNP49 with GO. So we performed the meta-analysis to explore the association between the SNP49 and GO susceptibility in GD patients. Studies up to February 29, 2012, were searched by using PubMed. The odds ratio was used to evaluate the strength of the association. Altogether 12 case-control studies involving 2,505 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that the G allele was related to the increased risk of GO compared with the A allele under allelic genetic model (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.14–1.72,P=0.001) in European subgroup. No publication bias was detected. Our results showed that the SNP49 polymorphism of CTLA4 gene was related to increased risk of GO.

scholarly journals Low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age association with adult depression: systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (5) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Loret De Mola ◽  
Giovanny Vinícius Araújo De França ◽  
Luciana de Avila Quevedo ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Depression ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThere is no consensus on the effects that low birth weight, premature birth and intrauterine growth have on later depression.AimsTo review systematically the evidence on the relationship of low birth weight, smallness for gestational age (SGA) and premature birth with adult depression.MethodWe searched the literature for original studies assessing the effect of low birth weight, premature birth and SGA on adult depression. Separate meta-analyses were carried out for each exposure using random and fixed effects models. We evaluated the contribution of methodological covariates to heterogeneity using meta-regression.ResultsWe identified 14 studies evaluating low birth weight, 9 premature birth and 4 SGA. Low birth weight increased the odds of depression (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.60). Premature birth and SGA were not associated with depression, but publication bias might have underestimated the effect of the former and only four studies evaluated SGA.ConclusionsLow birth weight was associated with depression. Future studies evaluating premature birth and SGA are needed.

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