scholarly journals Using the Variable Geometry in a Planar Inductor for an Optimised Performance

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Maha Aldoumani ◽  
Baris Yuce ◽  
Dibin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Performance Modelling ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
Electromagnetic Sensor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Uncertainty Models

In this paper, the performance, modelling and application of a planar electromagnetic sensor are discussed. Due to the small size profiles and their non-contact nature, planar sensors are widely used due to their simple and basic design. The paper discusses the experimentation and the finite element modelling (FEM) performed for developing the design of planar coils. In addition, the paper investigates the performance of various topologies of planar sensors when they are used in inductive sensing. This technique has been applied to develop a new displacement sensor. The ANSYS Maxwell FEM package has been used to analyse the models while varying the topologies of the coils. For this purpose, different models in FEM were constructed and then tested with topologies such as circular, square and hexagon coil configurations. The described methodology is considered an effective way for the development of sensors based on planar coils with better performance. Moreover, it also confirms a good correlation between the experimental data and the FEM models. Once the best topology is chosen based on performance, an optimisation exercise was then carried out using uncertainty models. That is, the influence of variables such as number of turns and the spacing between the coils on the output inductance has been investigated. This means that the combined effects of these two variables on the output inductance was studied to obtain the optimum values for the number of turns and the spacing between the coils that provided the highest level of inductance from the coils. Integrated sensor systems are a pre-requisite for developing the concept of smart cities in practice due to the fact that the individual sensors can hardly meet the demands of smart cities for complex information. This paper provides an overview of the theoretical concept of smart cities and the integrated sensor systems.

scholarly journals Multi-level Governance and Energy Specifics of the V4 Countries within the Context of European Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-546
Author(s):  
Helena Bauerová ◽  
Milan Vošta
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe topic of energy is still one of the most sensitive policy areas. The aim of this article is to examine the multi-level governance and energy specifics of the V4 countries within the context of European integration by analyzing selected the specifics of the energy mix of the V4 group countries. This will be carried out within the context of applying the theory of multilevel governance. The paper shows how energy policy is formed at state, and/or non-state level, as well as how these levels are influenced by the EU. The article also looks at the efforts taken to shape a common energy policy. A closer examination of the individual countries‘ levels lies outside the scope of this article. Therefore, the framework was chosen with regard to the particular features within the context of the functioning of the V4 group of countries. Using multi-level governance as a theoretical concept, the authors considered the limits arising from the determination of levels and the subjects of the survey, as well as having distinguished three levels of analysis. The first is the supranational level. This is represented by the EU. The second level is represented by the V4 states. The third level is the state as the actor that formulates energy policy, sets the energy mix and subsequently manifests itself in relation to the EU and the V4 group. Energy policy is significantly influenced by states, especially in the area of energy security of fuel supplies, or that of setting the energy mix. With the gradual communitarization of energy policy, the EU’s influence is growing and it is debatable how the evaluation of existing strategic plans, presented by individual states, will be done. The role of the V4 group is the weakest of the three levels of analysis which were examined. However, its increasing influence can be predicted mainly in the case of coal depletion and the perception of nuclear energy as a renewable source.

scholarly journals Efficiency of working memory: Theoretical concept and practical application

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100
Author(s):  
Dejan Lalovic
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Efficiency of working memory is the concept which connects psychology of memory with different fields of cognitive, differential and applied psychology. In this paper, the history of interest for the assessment of the capacity of short-term memory is presented in brief, as well as the different methods used nowadays to assess the individual differences in the efficiency of working memory. What follows is the consideration of studies that indicate the existence of significant links between the efficiency of working memory and general intelligence, the ability of reasoning, personality variables, as well as some socio-psychological phenomena. Special emphasis is placed on the links between the efficiency of working memory and certain aspects of pedagogical practice: acquiring the skill of reading, learning arithmetic and shedding light on the cause of general failure in learning at school. What is also provided are the suggestions that, in the light of knowledge about the development and limitations of working memory at school age, can be useful for teaching practice.

scholarly journals Ολοκληρωμένη συστοιχία αισθητήρων βασισμένη σε πολυμερή για την αναγνώριση πτητικών αερίων

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Πέτρος Οικονόμου
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Electromagnetic Model ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Electronic Elements

In this research the sensor type of planar InterDigitated Capacitors (IDCs), also known as chemcapacitors, is demonstrated and its application in the detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and humidity is explored. The IDC layout configuration is studied by using a dedicated electromagnetic model and the behavior of different planar IDE structures/geometries coated with different polymeric materials of different dielectric permittivity values (εp) is determined. This study leads to the optimum design geometry of the planar IDCs that will be used for the detection of analytes. In order to identify the more suitable sensing materials for the targeted application, a methodology based on swelling measurements of the polymeric material upon exposure to analytes of interest was developed and applied in the prediction of the response of a chemcapacitor upon exposure to different VOCs. The integrated sensor array is characterized by the responses of each sensor to exposure to several pure analytes, binary mixtures of analytes and complex environments. Several parameters were examined such as sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, aging. Also the total response of the sensor array is analyzed by conjunction of the individual responses of each sensor and the use of suitable Principal Component Analysis, PCA, models that have been developed. Fabrication of a hybrid low-power gas sensing module is presented. This module is realized with integration on the same device of the sensor array with the appropriate electronic elements. The latter provide the power, control and read-out electronics of the output signal. The proposed hybrid micro-device is characterized in terms of the response of each sensor of the sensor array upon exposure to different pure analytes and their binary mixtures. Evaluation of the results obtained by the characterization of the hybrid gas sensing module demonstrate the ability of use such a device in analytical methods under conditions of constant or alterable concentration of VOCs/humidity or their mixtures in applications either at constant temperature or at temperature changing over time simulating that way real time applications.

Secularization of Buddhism

Buddhism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Darwinian Evolution ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Communist China ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Individual

Secularization is a major theoretical concept with its own paradigm in different scholarly fields, including the study of religion. While there are several uses and definitions of the term, it has generally referred to a cultural process in which religious institutions lose authority and religion has declining relevance for the individual. Conceptually, “secular” has been viewed as the opposite of “religious,” and “secularism” as an ideology expressing the idea of separating state from religion. Scholars of religious studies (and scholars of Buddhism) have begun challenging this binary, suggesting processes of secularization to also reinforce the importance of the “religious” within society and culture so that religion is revitalized. Others have underlined the necessity of using the concept as relevant tool in the comparative study of religion. Secularization is typically used as an explanatory concept related to the modernization processes of the 18th–19th centuries, which was a period characterized by Enlightenment thinkers, rationality ideals, functional differentiation, and/or general disenchantment of the world. But the concept also reflects postmodern and global transformations in recent decades, which have had further effects on the continuing decrease of religious authority in some regions. Some of the elements of secularization can be traced much further back in history. Critical reflections on religious assertions, the humanization of cosmologies, and the desacralization of the world were known in early Axial religions, not least Buddhism. As a religion questioning its own epistemological assumptions, Buddhism did not, however, relativize its own institutional importance, but rather established the sangha as a religious organization balancing between monastic religiosity and criticism of (traditional) religion. The reform Buddhism of the 19th century also had elements of proto-secular Buddhism, formulated by important Buddhist figures such as Anagarika Dharmapala (b. 1864–d. 1933), Taixu (b. 1890–d. 1947) and D. T. Suzuki (b. 1870–d. 1966). Spokesmen of this “modern Buddhism” claimed that the religion was convergent with natural physics, Darwinian evolution, humanism, and individualism, seeing modernity as an inspiration for renewal and reformation. Interpretations of Buddhist ideas and practices in the light of modern ideals beyond traditional religious worldviews have been further developed in the transformation of these ideas and practices to Western settings. What has sometimes been called “secular Buddhism” is one such phenomenon, deconstructing what is seen as traditional or cultural elements while at the same time contributing new ideas and practices. Another kind of state-sanctioned and forced secularism can be seen in the policies of Communist China, where Buddhism (and all religion) was previously officially removed from society and in reality banned from the public sphere. In Japan, religious crises have forced Buddhist communities and organizations to rethink their own role in an increasingly secular society. With negative demographic developments in Buddhist Asia, new generations of Buddhists will decline in numbers, and, combined with increased individualization and decreasing religious authority, Buddhism in Asia will probably continue to experience aspects of secularization, even though the Eurocentric connotations of the concept are not directly transferable, the religious and cultural patterns in Asia are diverse, and secularization is not necessarily an irreversible development.

Artistic Spaces for Rebuilding Social Fabric

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-277
Author(s):  
Andrea Del Pilar Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽  
Alberto Cabedo-Mas ◽  
María Elisa Pinto García ◽  
Gloria Patricia Zapata Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Individual

This chapter analyzes the theoretical concept of social fabric, as well as the damage which armed conflict has caused it and how art can contribute to rebuilding it. Affective and symbolic characteristics of art, engaging the body, and the act of collective interpretation-creation may provide the conditions required for the necessary intangible and tangible factors to rebuild a social fabric damaged by war. Artistic spaces, as shown by a case in Colombia, can be an important place to generate, especially, intangible factors which keep the flow of social fabric active, such as values and beliefs, sense of community, confidence, and emotional stability of the individual and the group.

Visualizations in Time for a New Look at the Movies

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-61
Author(s):  
Ana Jorge ◽  
Teresa Chambel
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Tag Clouds ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Movies are considered an important art form, a source of entertainment, and a powerful method for educating, having great power to affect us, perceptually, cognitively, and emotionally. A huge amount of movies and related information are becoming increasingly available due to technological advances, demanding new and more powerful ways to search, browse, and view this interesting but complex information space that changes over time. Time-oriented visualization can help to capture, express, understand, and effectively navigate movies over time: both the time when they were released, or viewed, and the time along which their contents are weaved, in each movie. This paper presents the design and evaluation of the authors' work towards the inclusion of the time dimension in 2D and 3D visualizations, based on colors and tag clouds, at the movies space level, and down to the individual movies in an interactive Web application to access, explore, and visualize movies based on the information conveyed in the different tracks or perspectives of its content, especially audio and subtitles where most of the semantics is expressed. Moreover, it is the authors' aim to help provide insights through analytical, ludic, or artistic uses, since it is the aim of these visualizations to provide non-usual kinds of search, whether the user wants a movie to watch or to be aware of the properties in its content. The authors tested the pertinence and effectiveness of the main visualizations, and the results provided a better understanding of what is more effective and appreciated, and encouraged them to continue extending and refining their work.

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