scholarly journals From Hotel Reviews to City Similarities: A Unified Latent-Space Model

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Cagliero ◽  
Moreno La Quatra ◽  
Daniele Apiletti
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Textual Form

A large portion of user-generated content published on the Web consists of opinions and reviews on products, services, and places in textual form. Many travellers and tourists routinely rely on such content to drive their choices, shaping trips and visits to any place on earth, and specifically to select hotels in large cities. In the context of hospitality management, a challenging research problem is to identify effective strategies to explain hotel reviews and ratings and their correlation with the urban context. Under this umbrella, the paper investigates the use of sentence-based embedding models to deeply explore the similarities and dissimilarities between cities in terms of the corresponding hotel reviews and the surrounding points of interests. Reviews and point of interest (POI) descriptions are jointly modelled in a unified latent space, allowing us to deeply investigate the dependencies between guest feedbacks and the hotel neighborhood at different aggregation levels. The experiments performed on public TripAdvisor hotel-review datasets confirm the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Money Code Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Digital Politics ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
And Control

Newly emerging cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology present a challenging research problem in the field of digital politics and economics. Bitcoin—the first widely implemented cryptocurrency and blockchain architecture—seemingly separates itself from the existing territorial boundedness of nation-state money via a process of algorithmic decentralisation. Proponents declare that the utilisation of cryptography to advance financial transactions will disrupt the modern centralised structures by which capitalist economies are currently organised: corporations, governments, commercial banks, and central banks. Allegedly, software can create a more stable and democratic global economy; a world free from hierarchy and control. In Money Code Space, Jack Parkin debunks these utopian claims by approaching distributed ledger technologies as a spatial and social problem where power forms unevenly across their networks. First-hand accounts of online communities, open-source software governance, infrastructural hardware operations, and Silicon Valley start-up culture are used to ground understandings of cryptocurrencies in the “real world.” Consequently, Parkin demonstrates how Bitcoin and other blockchains are produced across a multitude of tessellated spaces from which certain stakeholders exercise considerable amounts of power over their networks. While money, code, and space are certainly transformed by distributed ledgers, algorithmic decentralisation is rendered inherently paradoxical because it is predicated upon centralised actors, practices, and forces.

scholarly journals Adapting the definition of multimorbidity – development of a locality-based consensus for selecting included Long Term Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Hafezparast ◽  
Ellie Bragan Turner ◽  
Rupert Dunbar-Rees ◽  
Alice Vodden ◽  
Hiten Dodhia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Local Health Service

Abstract Background Defining multimorbidity has proved elusive in spite of attempts to standardise definitions. For national studies, a broad definition is required to capture national diversity. For locally based studies, the definition may need to reflect demographic and morbidity patterns. We aimed to define multimorbidity for an inner city, multi-ethnic, deprived, young age community typical of many large cities. Methods We used a scoping literature review to identify the international literature, standards and guidelines on Long Term Condition (LTC) definitions for inclusion in our multimorbidity definition. Consensus was categorised into high, medium or low consensus, depending on the number of literature sources citing each LTC. Findings were presented to a workshop consisting of local health service stakeholders who were asked to select LTCs for inclusion in a second stage review. In the second stage, each LTC was tested against seven evaluation domains: prevalence, impact, preventability, treatment burden, progression to multiple LTCs, impact on younger people, data quality. These domains were used to create 12 target criteria. LTC rankings according to consensus group and target criteria scores were presented to a second workshop for a final decision about LTC inclusion. Results The literature review identified 18 literature sources citing 86 LTCs: 11 were excluded because they were LTC clusters. The remainder were allocated into consensus groupings: 13 LTCs were ‘high consensus’ (cited by ≥ 11 sources); 15 were ‘medium consensus’ (cited by 5–10 sources); 47 were ‘low consensus’ (cited by < 5 sources). The first workshop excluded 31 LTCs. The remaining 44 LTCs consisted of: 13 high consensus LTCs, all with high target score (score 6–12); 15 medium consensus LTCs, 11 with high target scores; 16 low consensus LTCs, 6 with high target scores. The final workshop selected the 12 high consensus conditions, 12 medium consensus LTCs (10 with high target scores) and 8 low consensus LTCs (3 with high target scores), producing a final selection of 32 LTCs. Conclusions Redefining multimorbidity for an urban context ensures local relevance but may diminish national generalisability. We describe a detailed LTC selection process which should be generalisable to other contexts, both local and national.

scholarly journals Emergency Remote Education, Family Support and the Digital Divide in the Context of the COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7956
Author(s):  
María José Sosa Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Remote Education ◽  
Educational Challenges

To contain the COVID-19 pandemic, governments all over the world implemented strong lockdown measures to a large part of the population, including the closing of educational centres. Teachers were urged to transform their teaching methodology, moving from a face-to-face model to an emergency remote education (ERE) model, characterised by the use of technologies to continue with lectures and maintain the physical distance with the students. The aim of the present study was to analyse the existence of socio-digital inequalities and the educational challenges posed by the development of an ERE model, hence, contributing to the literature by proposing a systematic and holistic approach on this phenomenon. Based on the characteristics of the research problem and the objectives set, a qualitative methodology was applied. On the one hand, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 136 active teachers as the main data gathering technique. On the other hand, grounded theory was key in interpreting the results, with the aim of generating the theory in a systematic and holistic manner. It can be asserted that ERE was very useful during the lockdown of schools, and its potential to transform education was demonstrated. However, it was also shown that the development of an ERE model can cause socio-digital inequalities among students, due to the lack of access to digital devices and Internet connection, mainly due to factors, such as the socio-educational level of the family and the rural or urban context of the centre.

scholarly journals Mining Local Specialties for Travelers by Leveraging Structured and Unstructured Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Jiang ◽  
Like Liu ◽  
Rong Xiao ◽  
Nenghai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Unstructured Data ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Mining Algorithm ◽  
Large Data Set ◽  
Ranking Score

Recently, many local review websites such as Yelp are emerging, which have greatly facilitated people's daily life such as cuisine hunting. However they failed to meet travelers' demands because travelers are more concerned about a city's local specialties instead of the city's high ranked restaurants. To solve this problem, this paper presents a local specialty mining algorithm, which utilizes both the structured data from local review websites and the unstructured user-generated content (UGC) from community Q&A websites, and travelogues. The proposed algorithm extracts dish names from local review data to build a document for each city, and appliestfidfweighting algorithm on these documents to rank dishes. Dish-city correlations are calculated from unstructured UGC, and combined with thetfidfranking score to discover local specialties. Finally, duplicates in the local specialty mining results are merged. A recommendation service is built to present local specialties to travelers, along with specialties' associated restaurants, Q&A threads, and travelogues. Experiments on a large data set show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a good performance, and compared to using local review data alone, leveraging unstructured UGC can boost the mining performance a lot, especially in large cities.

scholarly journals FEEDBACK TYPOLOGY FOR FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PURPOSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Marina A. Bodonii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Assessment Feedback ◽  
Feedback Strategies ◽  
Special Approach

The article is devoted to the study of the types and characteristics of feedback as a component of formative assessment. The research problem is associated with a variety of approaches to the classification of feedback types and the presence of a significant number of typologies which causes difficulties in developing effective strategies for its implementation for the purposes of formative assessment. An analysis of the feedback classifications proposed by researchers in the context of the educational process made it possible to distinguish the following approaches: a general approach, considered feedback as a component of the educational process; a special approach focused on the development of feedback types in relation to a specific academic subject; instrumental approach, differentiating types of feedback depending on the means used for its implementation – both technical and non-technical. The considered classifications of feedback are focused on the allocation of one classification basis and, therefore, allow us to consider feedback in the only selected aspect. To determine the effectiveness of feedback strategies, it seems insufficient to use one parameter and, accordingly, make separately taken typologies. The aim of the study is to identify types of feedback based on the analysis of the components of the assessment situation and being based on them to create a multidimensional classification of feedback types. Feedback characteristics were determined due to the influence of the subject, object, scope and basis of the assessment, as well as the assessment tool. We came to the conclusion that feedback characteristics during the implementation of formative assessment can be referred to different levels of information use obtained during the assessment. Feedback, therefore, may include information on the current situation, the planned learning outcomes and effective techniques for achieving educational goals.

scholarly journals The "Foundations and Criterias" the Integration of Transportion Systems in Large Cities' Centres

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Mohammed Kareem Mohessen ◽  
Bahjet Rashad Shahin
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fundamental Reason ◽  
The City

Transport systems are a major part and a key component of the city and its centre، and directly affect its planning and urban design. Integrated transport systems are considered as a fundamental reason of easy and possible accessibility of people، merchandise and others، as well as they appear distinctly in developed cities' centres، and to achieve such a targeted integration، the main bases must be provided. This study is emerged owing to the absence of a clear vision in our local studies about the integration of transport systems in the centres of large cities to achieve easy possible accessibility in a smooth and easy method، and also appropriate to the actual need for transport in a sustainable way to meet the social، economic and environmental requirements، such that many cities have developed plans to address traffic congestions in a studied approach. Therefore، the research problem is "the lack of a clear and accurate vision of the levels and ways to achieve the integration of transport systems in the centres of large cities، including the city of Baghdad". The research hypothesis is "integrating of different transport levels، contributes to build a sustainable city، and it is a guaranteed assurance to meet the immediate requirements of mobility and accessibility without compromising our communities' comfort in the future". Integration levels and their different foundations are the means to achieve integration to create easy accessibility and provide a sustainable environment by planning for the time being، and adopting sustainable systems in future plans. Thus، the importance of this research comes from the importance of transport systems and the foundations of their integration and their impact on the city planning to match the need for transport easily and in a way that promotes the social، economic and environmental aspects.

scholarly journals A Review about the Sustainability of Pit Lakes as a Rehabilitation Factor after Mine Closure

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Chara Sakellari ◽  
Christos Roumpos ◽  
Georgios Louloudis ◽  
Eleni Vasileiou
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mine Closure ◽  
Mine Water Management ◽  
Pit Lakes ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Mining Regions

At the end of surface mining activities, the remnant voids are of great concern regarding rehabilitating the final open pits. The investigation of the sustainability of pit lakes in post-mining regions constitutes a challenging research problem. This paper aims to highlight the effectiveness of pit lakes as a rehabilitation factor. In this framework, several cases worldwide and in Greece were examined in detail and evaluated. The results indicate that mine pit lakes must be evaluated as dynamic systems, natural or artificial, which demand rational mine water management to ensure their sustainability. Specifically in Greece, it is of great importance during the transition to the post-lignite era.

Automatic Understanding and Formalization of Plane Geometry Proving Problems in Natural Language: A Supervised Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 1940003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Gan ◽  
Xinguo Yu ◽  
Mingshu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Relation Extraction ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Target System ◽  
Machine Learning Method ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Geometry Problem ◽  
The Given

Automatically understanding natural language problems is a long-standing challenging research problem in automatic solving. This paper models the understanding of geometry problems as a problem of relation extraction, instead of as the problem of semantic understanding of natural language. Then it further proposes a supervised machine learning method to extract geometric relations, targeting to produce a group of relations to represent the given geometry problem. This method identifies the actual geometric relations from the relation candidates using a classifier trained from the labelled examples. The formalized geometric relations can then be transformed into the target system-native representations for manipulation in various tasks. Experiments conducted on the test problem dataset show that the proposed method can extract geometric relations at high F1 scores. The comparisons also demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good performance against the baseline methods. Integrating the automatic understanding method with different geometry systems will greatly enhance the efficiency and intelligence in geometry tutoring.

scholarly journals Median Filter Aided CNN Based Image Denoising: An Ensemble Aprroach

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Subhrajit Dey ◽  
Rajdeep Bhattacharya ◽  
Friedhelm Schwenker ◽  
Ram Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Image Denoising ◽  
Gaussian Noise ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Median Filter ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The Third ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Deep Cnn ◽  
Dilation Rate

Image denoising is a challenging research problem that aims to recover noise-free images from those that are contaminated with noise. In this paper, we focus on the denoising of images that are contaminated with additive white Gaussian noise. For this purpose, we propose an ensemble learning model that uses the output of three image denoising models, namely ADNet, DnCNN, and IRCNN, in the ratio of 2:3:6, respectively. The first model (ADNet) consists of Convolutional Neural Networks with attention along with median filter layers after every convolutional layer and a dilation rate of 8. In the case of the second model, it is a feed forward denoising CNN or DnCNN with median filter layers after half of the convolutional layers. For the third model, which is Deep CNN Denoiser Prior or IRCNN, the model contains dilated convolutional layers and median filter layers up to the dilated convolutional layers with a dilation rate of 6. By quantitative analysis, we note that our model performs significantly well when tested on the BSD500 and Set12 datasets.

scholarly journals Percepcja informacji żywieniowej jako elementu wpływającego na zachowania konsumentów w zakładach gastronomicznych

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Hanna Górska-Warsewicz ◽  
Iwona Kowalczuk ◽  
Dagmara Stangierska ◽  
Monika Świątkowska ◽  
Anna Zubrzycka
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Nutritional Information ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Consumer Sciences ◽  
Eating Out

The aim of this study was the evaluation of nutritional information provided by frontline staff as an element influencing consumer behavior in gastronomy services. The empirical research was conducted under the project “The consumer in the market of catering services”, number 507-30-102-M00094-99, realized in the Chair of Gastronomy and Hospitality Management in the Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Quantitative research on the sample of 403 persons using purposive sampling were conducted in June 2016. The criteria of age (18–35), living in large cities as well as the fact of eating out.

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