scholarly journals Correlation of Ventilative Cooling Potentials and Building Energy Savings in Various Climatic Zones

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haolia Rahman ◽  
Hwataik Han
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Computer Based

The introduction of cool outdoor air can help in reducing the energy consumption for cooling during summer. Ventilative cooling potentials (VCPs) have been defined in various ways in the literature to represent potential cooling hours in specified outdoor temperature ranges. However, the energy-saving potential of ventilative cooling can differ between buildings in the same climatic zone depending on the buildings’ thermal characteristics and system operations. In this study, new VCPs are introduced with an index of temperature shift based on adaptive thermal comfort. This index can be determined based on the balance temperature difference of the buildings, which is defined as the heat gain in the building divided by the thermal transmission and air exchange characteristics of the building envelope under quasi-steady state conditions. The proposed method was also compared with those reported in the literature, including a computer-based VCP tool. It is the objective of the present study to investigate the correlation between VCPs and actual energy savings via ventilative cooling. Simulations were conducted in an office building for a four-month period during summer to calculate the energy saved via ventilative cooling in comparison with that achieved with a mechanical cooling system. Eight cities representing four different climatic conditions were considered: tropical, dry, temperate, and continental. Our results revealed a strong correlation between the energy savings and the proposed VCPs in the case of a proper temperature shift estimation in all climatic zones. The computerized VCP tool also exhibited good correlation with the calculated energy savings and with the VCPs proposed herein.

scholarly journals BIM and BEM Methodologies Integration in Energy-Efficient Buildings Using Experimental Design

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Jorge González ◽  
Carlos Alberto Pereira Soares ◽  
Mohammad Najjar ◽  
Assed N. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Energy Modelling ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Energetic Performance

Linking Building Information Modelling and Building Energy Modelling methodologies appear as a tool for the energy performance analysis of a dwelling, being able to build the physical model via Autodesk Revit and simulating the energy modeling with its complement Autodesk Insight. A residential two-story house was evaluated in five different locations within distinct climatic zones to reduce its electricity demand. Experimental Design is used as a methodological tool to define the possible arrangement of results emitted via Autodesk Insight that exhibits the minor electric demand, considering three variables: Lighting efficiency, Plug-Load Efficiency, and HVAC systems. The analysis concluded that while the higher the efficiency of lighting and applications, the lower the electric demand. In addition, the type of climate and thermal characteristics of the materials that conform to the building envelope have significant effects on the energetic performance. The adjustment of different energetic measures and its comparison with other climatic zones enable decision-makers to choose the best combination of variables for developing strategies to lower the electric demand towards energy-efficient buildings.

scholarly journals The Profitability Analysis Of Enhancement Of Parameters Of The Thermal Insulation Of Building Partitions

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-347
Author(s):  
A. Życzyńska ◽  
T. Cholewa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
New Buildings

Abstract The energy saving tendencies, in reference to residential buildings, can be recently seen in Europe and in the world. Therefore, there are a lot of studies being conducted aiming to find technical solutions in order to improve the energy efficiency of existing, modernized, and also new buildings. However, there are obligatory solutions and requirements, which must be implemented during designing stage of the building envelope and its heating/cooling system. They are gathered in the national regulations. The paper describes the process of raising the energy standard of buildings between 1974–2021 in Poland. Therefore, the objective of this study is to show energy savings, which can be generated by modernization of thermal insulation of partitions of existing buildings and by the use of different ways of heat supply. The calculations are made on the selected multi-family buildings located in Poland, with the assumption of a 15 years payback time. It is shown that it is not possible to cover the costs of the modernization works by the projected savings with the compliance to the assumption of 15 years payback time.

scholarly journals Improvement of energy performances of existing buildings by application of solar thermal systems

Spatium ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Krstic-Furundzic ◽  
Vesna Kosoric
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Improvement of energy performances of the existing buildings in the suburban settlement Konjarnik in Belgrade, by the application of solar thermal systems is the topic presented in this paper. Hypothetical models of building improvements are created to allow the benefits of applying solar thermal collectors to residential buildings in Belgrade climate conditions to be estimated. This case study presents different design variants of solar thermal collectors integrated into a multifamily building envelope. The following aspects of solar thermal systems integration are analyzed in the paper: energy, architectural, ecological and economic. The results show that in Belgrade climatic conditions significant energy savings and reduction of CO2 emissions can be obtained with the application of solar thermal collectors.

scholarly journals Integrating Daylighting with Task-Ambient Lighting for Enhanced Energy Savings in Office Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Nyambaka Ingabo ◽  
Pipat Chaiwiwatworakul
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Ambient Lighting ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Task Lighting ◽  
Shading Devices

Daylighting has been widely studied as a fundamental aspect of spatial illumination and energy efficient façade design. Effective installation and control of shading devices diminishes the adverse effects of prevailing climatic conditions on building envelope performance and reduces resultant lighting and cooling energy consumption. Task-ambient lighting as a free-standing approach has also been proven to reduce lighting energy consumption compared with typical general ambient lighting. This study estimates the energy saving potential of integrating daylighting through fixed external horizontal shading slats with task lighting. Spot measurements were taken in a test room to validate a daylight calculation program. Full year indoor work plane daylight simulations were performed for office spaces of different floor areas and varying window to wall ratios. Indoor daylight quality was assessed using the Useful Daylight Illuminance metric and three different task lighting schemes explored.  Lighting energy savings of 10% to 90% were estimated under the three schemes in comparison to similar office spaces with common unshaded heat reflective glazing.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency of Novel Interior Surface Layer with Improved Thermal Characteristics and Its Effect on Hygrothermal Performance of Contemporary Building Envelopes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fořt ◽  
Jiří Šál ◽  
Jan Kočí ◽  
Robert Černý
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Climate Conditions

Facing the consequences of climate change and fuel price rises, the achievement of the requirements for low-energy consumption of buildings has become a challenging issue. On top of that, increased demands on indoor hygrothermal conditions usually require the utilization of additional heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems to maintain a comfortable environment. On this account, several advanced and modern materials are widely investigated as a promising way for reduction of the buildings’ energy consumption including utilization of passive heating/cooling energy. However, the efficiency and suitability of passive strategies depending on several aspects including the influence of location, exterior climatic conditions, load-bearing materials used, and insulation materials applied. The main objective of this study consists of the investigation of the energy performance benefits gained by the utilization of advanced materials in plasters by computational modeling. Results obtained from a computational simulation reveal the capability of the studied passive cooling/heating methods on the moderation of indoor air quality together with the reduction of the diurnal temperature fluctuation. Achieved results disclose differences in terms of energy savings for even small variation in outdoor climate conditions. Additionally, the effectivity of passive cooling/heating alters considerably during the summer and winter periods. Based on the analysis of simulated heat fluxes, the potential energy savings related to improved thermal properties of the applied plaster layer reached up to 12.08% and thus represent an interesting passive solution towards energy sustainability to meet the criteria on modern buildings.

scholarly journals Predicting the Effects of Changes in Thermal Envelope Characteristics on Energy Consumption: Application and Verification of a Simple Model for Australian and Canadian Climates

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
S. M. Cornick ◽  
P.C. Thomas ◽  
D.K. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
New Buildings

A simple energy model was used for determining thermal envelope characteristics and building envelope trade-off procedures for the new Canadian and Australian energy efficiency codes for new buildings. The model relates heating and cooling system loads to envelope thermal characteristics. It was developed from thousands of DOE2.1E simulation runs. Two separate databases, one containing 25 Canadian locations and the other containing 9 Australian locations were created. The heating and cooling models were developed from these databases. The model is shown to give consistent results although there are significant differences in climate, construction of the building envelope, building operational schedules and HVAC system configurations. This paper briefly describes the DOE2.1E models used for the study in each country, highlighting similarities and differences. The consistency of results predicted by the model is discussed for typical climatic locations in both countries. The methods for predicting heating and cooling system loads are shown to produce good results over a wide range of climates and for different system configurations. The paper also discusses the development of climate correlations to extend the range of the models to include locations not in the original databases.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency for Social Buildings in Morocco, Comparative (2E) Study: Active VS. Passive Solutions Via TRNsys

Inventions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Gargab ◽  
Amine Allouhi ◽  
Tarik Kousksou ◽  
Haytham El-Houari ◽  
Abdelmajid Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Solar Water Heaters

This paper aims to highlight the potential of solar water heater installations in Morocco. The project involves the comparison of active and passive solutions for energy efficiency in buildings. To this end, a numerical simulation model of solar water heater installations is created under TRNsys. Three hot water demand scenarios (Low, Standard, and High) were taken into account for the six climatic zones defined in the Moroccan thermal regulation of constructions. The same software (TRNsys) is used to model a pilot building consisting of 16 flats. Energy efficiency actions have been applied to the building envelope (insulation and glazing) and simulations are made for the six areas. The simulation results comparing energy and financial savings show the influence of subsidized gas prices on solar water heaters’ relevance despite significant energy savings. This work proves that solar water heaters will be a primary obligation for Morocco, taking into account changes in butane gas prices.

scholarly journals The Significance of the Adaptive Thermal Comfort Practice over the Structure Retrofits to Sustain Indoor Thermal Comfort

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2946
Author(s):  
Aiman Albatayneh ◽  
Mustafa Jaradat ◽  
Mhd Bashar AlKhatib ◽  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort

Any building’s design should sustain thermal comfort for occupants and promote less energy usage during its lifetime using accurate building retrofits to convert existing buildings into low-energy buildings so that the heating and cooling loads can be minimized. Regarding the methodology adopted in this research, an energy model of an educational building located at the German Jordanian University in Jordan was constructed utilizing DesignBuilder computer software. In addition, it was calibrated utilizing real energy consumption data for a 12-month simulation of energy performance. Subsequently, a computerized evaluation of the roles of building envelope retrofits or the adaptive thermal comfort limits in the reduction of the overall building energy consumption was analyzed. The results of the study show that the current building’s external wall insulation, roof insulation, glazing, windows, and external shading devices are relatively energy-efficient but with high cost, resulting in significant financial losses, even though they achieved noticeable energy savings. For instance, equipping the building’s ventilation system with an economizer culminated in the highest financial profit, contributing to an annual energy savings of 155 MWh. On the other hand, in an occupant-centered approach, applying the adaptive thermal comfort model in wider ranges by adding 1 °C, 2 °C, and 3 °C to the existing operating temperatures would save a significant amount of energy with the least cost (while maintaining indoor thermal comfort), taking over any retrofit option. Using different adaptive thermal comfort scenarios (1 °C, 2 °C, and 3 °C) led to significant savings of around 5%, 12%, and 21%, respectively. However, using different retrofits techniques proved to be costly, with minimum energy savings compared to the adaptive approach.

scholarly journals A Machine Learning Solution for Data Center Thermal Characteristics Analysis

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4378
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Grishina ◽  
Marta Chinnici ◽  
Ah-Lian Kor ◽  
Eric Rondeau ◽  
Jean-Philippe Georges
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Temperature Ranges

The energy efficiency of Data Center (DC) operations heavily relies on a DC ambient temperature as well as its IT and cooling systems performance. A reliable and efficient cooling system is necessary to produce a persistent flow of cold air to cool servers that are subjected to constantly increasing computational load due to the advent of smart cloud-based applications. Consequently, the increased demand for computing power will inadvertently increase server waste heat creation in data centers. To improve a DC thermal profile which could undeniably influence energy efficiency and reliability of IT equipment, it is imperative to explore the thermal characteristics analysis of an IT room. This work encompasses the employment of an unsupervised machine learning technique for uncovering weaknesses of a DC cooling system based on real DC monitoring thermal data. The findings of the analysis result in the identification of areas for thermal management and cooling improvement that further feeds into DC recommendations. With the aim to identify overheated zones in a DC IT room and corresponding servers, we applied analyzed thermal characteristics of the IT room. Experimental dataset includes measurements of ambient air temperature in the hot aisle of the IT room in ENEA Portici research center hosting the CRESCO6 computing cluster. We use machine learning clustering techniques to identify overheated locations and categorize computing nodes based on surrounding air temperature ranges abstracted from the data. This work employs the principles and approaches replicable for the analysis of thermal characteristics of any DC, thereby fostering transferability. This paper demonstrates how best practices and guidelines could be applied for thermal analysis and profiling of a commercial DC based on real thermal monitoring data.

scholarly journals Retrofitting High-Rise Residential Building in Cold and Severe Cold Zones of China—A Deterministic Decision-Making Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5831
Author(s):  
Qiong He ◽  
Md. Uzzal Hossain ◽  
S. Thomas Ng ◽  
Godfried L. Augenbroe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Cold Zone ◽  
High Rise

This study aimed to develop a deterministic decision-making mechanism for finding the optimum set of retrofit solutions of existing high-rise residential buildings in two different climatic zones of China. The retrofit solutions were critically examined with different energy saving targets based on the local climatic conditions, building features, and retrofit costs in cold and severe cold zones comparatively. By making the extensive review and analyzing considerable statistics data and cost information, net present value (NPV) method was employed in the prototype building apartments to develop this deterministic model. The results demonstrated that the heating system is the most important factor in saving energy and obtaining the optimum revenue in these two regions. The highest optimal NPV can be obtained by achieving 60% energy saving in the cold zone, as energy saving is around 319 kWh/m2/year with the total retrofit costs of USD $3560, while it is 281 kWh/m2/year with the total retrofit costs of USD $3480 to achieve the 50% energy-saving target in the severe cold zone. Based on the analysis of energy savings and retrofit costs, the results can be effectively implemented for the purpose of creating sustainable retrofits in existing buildings, and the model can be adapted for selecting appropriate retrofit choices in other climatic zones.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document